新视野大学英语 长难句分析 第二册Word格式文档下载.docx
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新视野大学英语 长难句分析 第二册Word格式文档下载.docx
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要坚定,不要让他们对你指手画脚。
Theystandopposedtothenewlaw.
他们反对这项新法律。
Thisattituderesultsinanationofpeoplecommittedtoresearching,experimentingandexploring.(Para.1)
ThiswayofthinkinganddoingthingscausesAmericanstodevotetheirtimeandenergytoresearching,experimentingandexploring.
TimeisoneofthetwoelementsthatAmericanssavecarefully,theotherbeinglabor.(Para.1)
Americansusetwothingswithgreatcare(or:
Americansneverwastetwothings):
Oneistimeandtheotherislabor.
Weareslavestonothingbuttheclock...(Para.2)
Weareunderthecontroloftimeonlyandnothingelse,orweareonlydominatedbytime...
Webudgetit,saveit,wasteit,stealit,killit,cutit,accountforit;
wealsochargeforit.(Para.2)
Weplanhowtospendit,saveit,wasteit,spenditmoreefficiently,findwaystopassitquickly,reduceit,explainhowweuseit;
we
alsoaskmoneyforit.
Inthissentence,"
time"
isusedmetaphoricallyassomethingofrealvalue.killit(=killtime):
maketimepassquicklybyfindingsomethingtodo
Wekilledtimebyplayingcards.
我们用打纸牌来消磨时间。
Hedrovetotheclubtokillacoupleofhours.
他驾车去俱乐部消磨了几个小时。
Manypeoplehavearatheracutesenseoftheshortnessofeachlifetime.(Para.2)
Manypeoplehaveaverystrongfeelingthatlifeisshort.
Noticetheuseof"
sense"
inthefollowingexamples:
asenseofhumor/duty/direction
幽默感/责任感/方向感
Oncethesandshaverunoutofaperson'
shourglass,theycannotbereplaced.(Para.2)
Noticethatthewholesentenceisametaphor,whichmeans:
Oncetimehaspassed,itwillnotreturn.
Wewanteveryminutetocount.(Para.2)
Wewanteveryminutetobeputintogooduse(sinceitisprecious).
...everyoneisinarush—oftenunderpressure.(Para.3)
...everyoneisdoingthingsinahurry,becausetheyareoftenunderpressuretodoso.
...restlesslyseekingattentioninastore,orelbowingothers...(Para.3)
...impatientlytryingtogetserviceinastore,orpushingothersoutofthewaybytheirelbows...
Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.(Para.3)
EatingtheirmealshurriedlyduringthedayispartofAmerica'
sfastpaceoflife.
Don'
ttakeitpersonally.(Para.3)
Don'
tletitupsetyou(becausetheytreateverybodythisway;
orbecausetheyarenotdoingthistoyouinparticular).
ManynewarrivalsintheStateswillmisstheopeningexchangesofabusinesscall...(Para.4)
ManynewcomerstotheUnitedStateswillbesadtofindthatthereisnopolitesmalltalksatthebeginningofabusinesscall...
Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry.(Para.4)
Theywillbesadbecausetheywillnothavetheusualexchanges(withthepersonwhoinvitedthem)thatgowithawelcomingcupofteaor
coffee.Theseexchangesmaybeacommonpracticeonsimilaroccasionsintheirowncountry.
Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk...(Para.4)
UsuallyAmericansdonotjudgeorevaluatetheirvisitorsinrelaxedplaces(suchasrestaurantsorcoffeehouses)duringlong,light
conversations...
...muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner,oraroundonthegolfcourse...(Para.4)
...itisevenlesslikelythatAmericanstaketheirvisitorsoutfordinnerortoplaygolf...
Notethatthephrase"
muchless"
isoftenusedafteranegativestatement,toindicatethatthestatementismoretrueoftheperson,thing,or
situationthatyouaregoingtomention.
Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.(Para.4)
Sinceinmostcasesweevaluateourvisitorsandaskthemquestionsfromaprofessionalpointofviewinsteadoffromasocialone,westart
talkingbusinessveryquickly(andthereisnoneedtospendtimeonsmalltalkandthelike).
Timeis,therefore,alwaystickinginourinnerear.(Para.4)
Therefore,wearealwaysawareoftime.Itisjustliketheconstantsoundofaclockthatwehear.
Consequently,weworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime.(Para.5)
Asaresult,wetryourbesttosavetime.
...especiallygivenourtraffic-filledstreets.(Para.5)
...especiallywhenwetakeintoaccountourbusystreetsthatareoftenfulloftraffic.
We,therefore,savemostpersonalvisitingforafter-workhoursorforsocialweekendgatherings.(Para.5)
So,ifwewanttopayapersonalvisit,wecandoitafterworkorontheweekendwhentherearesocialgatherings.
Toustheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand.(Para.6)
Tous,thelackofpersonalfeelingsofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtotheimportanceofthematterweare
discussing.
Insomecountriesnomajorbusinessisconductedwithouteyecontact,requiringface-to-faceconversation.(Para.6)
Insomecountries,importantbusinessmustbecarriedoutwitheyecontact,andthroughface-to-faceconversation.
However,peoplearemeetingincreasinglyontelevisionscreens,conducting"
teleconferences"
tosettleproblems...(Para.6)
However,peoplearemeetingmoreandmorethroughtelevision,holdingteleconferencestosolveproblems...
Thisisduepartlytothefactthatthetelephoneserviceissuperbhere,whereasthepostalserviceislessefficient.(Para.7)
Thisispartlybecauseofthefactthatthetelephoneserviceisexcellenthere,butbycontrastthepostalserviceisnotsogood.
Unlessacertainamountoftimeisallowedtoelapse,itseemsintheireyesasifthetaskbeingconsideredwereinsignificant,notworthyofproper
respect.(Para.8)
Iftheydon'
tspendsometimedealingwithacertaintask,itwillgivetheimpression,intheiropinion,thatthetaskbeingconsideredis
notimportantornotproperlyrespected.
Assignmentsare,consequently,givenaddedweightbythepassageoftime.(Para.8)
Asaresult,peoplethinkthatassignmentsaregainingadditionalimportancewiththepassingoftime.
Theword"
weight"
hereisusedasanuncountablenounmetaphoricallytomean"
importance"
.Moreexamples:
anideaofgreatweight
一个很重要的观点
tworryaboutwhathethinks;
hisopiniondoesn'
tcarrymuchweight.
别担心他怎么想,他的意见没有多少影响。
IntheUS,however,itistakenasasignofskillfulnessorbeingcompetenttosolveaproblem,orfulfillajobsuccessfully,withspeed.(Para.8)
IntheUS,however,ifyoucansolveaproblemordoajobquickly,youwillbeconsideredapersonhavingskillsorability.
Usually,themoreimportantataskis,themorecapital,energy,andattentionwillbepouredintoitinorderto"
getitmoving"
.(Para.8)
Usually,ifajobismoreimportant,peoplewillputinmoremoney,effort,andattentioninordertogetitdone.
CultureShock(Title)
cultureshock:
atermmeaningstrongfeelingsofdiscomfort,fear,oranxiety,whichpeoplemayhavewhentheyenteranotherculture.Usuallywhena
personmovestoliveinaforeigncountry,hemayexperienceaperiodofcultureshockuntilhebecomesfamiliarwiththenewculture.
Inspiteoftheseadvantages,however,therearealsosomechallengesyouwillencounter.(Para.1)
Despitetheseadvantages,however,therearealsosomedifficultthingsyouwillface.
Becauseyourviewsmayclashwiththedifferentbeliefs,norms,valuesandtraditionsthatexistindifferentcountries...(Para.1)
Becauseyourviewsmaybeinsharpcontrastoroppositetothebeliefs,norms,valuesandcustomsthatexistinthecountriesyouaregoing
tovisit...
...youmayhavedifficultyadjustingtoanewculture...(Para.1)
...youmayfinditdifficulttoadjustyourselftoanewculture...
Payattentiontothestructure"
havedifficulty(in)doingsomething"
.Veryoftentheprepositionisomitted.
Forexample:
HisEnglishisverybadandIhavedifficulty(in)understandinghim.
他英语很糟糕,我很难听懂他的话。
If"
havedifficulty"
isfolloweddirectlybyanounphrase,thepreposition"
with"
isusedandtheprepositioncanneverbeomittedinthiscase.
ThechildseemstohavenodifficultywithEnglishgrammar.
这孩子好像在英语语法方面没有困难。
Atleastfouressentialstagesofadjustmentoccurduringcultureshock.(Para.1)
Thereareatleastfourstagesintheprocessofadjustingtocultureshock.
Also,theamusementoflifeinanewcultureseemstohavenoending.(Para.2)
Also,thereseemstobeendlessentertainmentoflifeinanewculture.
Thisis"
thehostilitystage"
.(Para.3)
Thisisthestageinwhichyoudonotlikemanythingsinthenewculture.
Youbecometiredofmanythingsaboutthenewculture.(Para.3)
Younolongerhaveinterestinmanythingsconnectedwiththenewculture.
...andeverythingmakesyoufeeldistressedandtired.(Para.3)
...andeverythingmakesyouupsetandtired.
...youdevisesomedefensemechanismstohelpyoucope...(Para.4)
...youcreatesomemethodstohelpyourselfdealwiththingsaroundsuccessfully...
Thishappens
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