考研英语黄皮书基础版写作增值资料Word格式.docx
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考研英语黄皮书基础版写作增值资料Word格式.docx
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Picture3andpicture4reflectsomeproblems:
200billionUSdollarsarelosteveryyear,whichiscausedbytobaccoconsumption,and3millionpeoplesufferfromsmoking-relateddiseasesandfinallylosetheirlives.
③增加表达精确性和美感
Accordingtopicture3andpicture4,200billionUSdollarsarelostannuallybecauseoftobaccoconsumption,andmeanwhile3millionpeopleworldwidelosetheirlivesduetosmoking-relateddiseases.
点评句式发光点:
介词状语引出数据的具体内容,用并列句描绘数据,并列句结构对应均为“句子主干+原因状语”结构。
2.Toourgreatrelief,thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction—theyearbetween1994and1995,asindicatedbychart1,witnessedadropfrom14.364billionpoundsto14.2billionpounds.
①写出简单句
Thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction.
Tobaccoproductiondropsfrom14.364billionpoundsto14.2billionpounds.
Chart1indicatesthistendency.
Itisagreatreliefforus.
Itisagreatreliefforusthat,aschart1indicates,thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction,whichdropsfrom14.364billionpoundsin1994to14.2billionpoundsin1995.
Toourgreatrelief,thereisatendencyofdeclineintobaccoproduction—theyearbetween1994and1995,asindicatedbychart1,witnessedadropfrom14.364billionpoundsto14.2billionpounds.
本句值得关注的是评注性短语的使用。
toourgreatrelief这类评注性短语修饰整个句子,体现了作者的态度。
除了使用短语,写作中还可以用评注性副词对句子表达的意思做出评价。
考研英语写作中常用的评注性副词有:
①表示对行为方式的评价,如:
cleverly,correctly,reasonably,unwisely,etc.
②表示对行为可能性的评价,如:
obviously,possibly,likely,actually,etc.
3.Foronething,thepercentageofsmokersistoolargaccordingtoasurvey,thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld,accountingforapproximately20percentoftheworldpopulation.
Thepercentageofsmokersislarge.
Asurveyindicatesit.
Thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld.
Theyaccountfor20percentoftheworldpopulation.
Thepercentageofsmokersislarge:
asasurveyindicates,thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld,whoaccountfor20percentoftheworldpopulation.
Thepercentageofsmokersistoolarge:
accordingtoasurvey,thereare1.1billiontobaccoconsumersintheworld,accountingforapproximately20percentoftheworldpopulation.
④增加衔接成分,连贯上下文。
Foronething,thepercentageofsmokersis...
使用现在分词作伴随状语,说明数据的意义,使句式更加紧凑。
【应用模板】
适用于本文论证思·
的作文题目有两个特点:
1.图片以组图形式出现,且组图既包含负面信息也暗示可喜趋势;
2.图片反映的社会现象给人类社会造成了损失,比如:
侵犯知识产权、侵害消费者权益。
Asanimportantcausefor____,组图共同反映的事物或现象isalwaysahotissueinoursociety.Accordingtothepicture____,引用图片中的数据.(论证前文提到的Σ害).
Toourgreatrelief,揭示组图中部分信息所反映的令人欣ο的趋势—theyear/month/quarterbetween____and____,asindicatedbychart____,witnessedadrop/increasein____,declining/raisingfrom____to____.(引用图表数据说明趋势)Thedecline/increasehappensbecause____.(揭示可喜趋势的原因)
Ifthistrendcouldbemaintained,呈现可喜趋势的积极影响.However,itisdifficulttoachieveit.Foronething,thepercentageof____istoolarge:
accordingtoasurvey,thereare____,accountingforapproximately____percentof____.Itwouldn’tbeaneasytaskto____.(利用图表数据指出问题不容易解决的第一个原因)Foranother,____.(说明问题不容易解决的第二个原因)Inthissense,onlywithconcertedeffortsofallpeople,can____beproperlysolved.
1998年
1.Underthefunnyappearancehidesaserioussocialproblemthattherearemanymeaninglesspromiseswhichonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.
Asocialproblemhidesundertheappearance.
Therearemanypromises.
Thesepromisesonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.
Undertheappearancehidesasocialproblemthattherearemanypromiseswhichonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.
③增加表达的精确性和美感
Underthefunnyappearancehidesaserioussocialproblemthattherearemanymeaninglesspromiseswhichonlyreflectthebasicresponsibilitiesofthepromisemakers.
本句的亮点有:
1.使用同λ语从句
同λ语从句用于表示抽象概念的名词(belief,fact,hope,idea,conclusion,problem,opinion等)后,用来说明其具体内容,一般由that连接。
如:
Thenewsthatweareinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraging.与定语从句不同,同λ语从句的先行词(如例句中的news)在从句中并不充当任何成分。
2.使用修辞性倒装
表示地点或范Χ的介词短语λ于句首,主语结构较长时,需要倒装。
这样的倒装是为了避免头重脚轻,是写作中常见的修辞性倒装。
修辞性倒装在考研写作中常见的形式还有:
①“only+状语”λ于句首表强调:
OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.
②never等具有否定意义或否定形式的词或词组居于句首:
NotonlywasChurchillastatesman,butalsoawriter.
③让步状语从句中使用“形容词(副词,动词,分词)+as/though/+主语+ν语”:
Strangethoughitmayappear,itistrue.TryasImight,Icouldnotbringhimround.
2.Peopleengagedinprovidingallkindsofservicesshouldhonestlyinformtheircustomersoftheservicesthatcanbeprovidedbecausemutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.
Certainservicescanbeprovided.
Somepeopleareworkingonprovidingallkindsofservices.
Theyshouldlettheircustomersknowabouttheservices.
Mutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.
Peoplewhoareworkingonprovidingallkindsofservicesshouldlettheircustomersknowabouttheservicesthatcanbeprovidedbecausemutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.
Peopleengagedinprovidingallkindsofservicesshouldhonestlyinformtheircustomersoftheservicesthatcanbeprovidedbecausemutualtrustisthefoundationofbusiness.
3.Onlyintheseways,canbothparties,serviceprovidersandthoseserved,enjoyahealthyatmosphereofmutualtrust.
Thepartiescantrusteachotherintheseways.
Thepartiesincludeserviceprovidersandthoseserved.
Theparties,whichincludeserviceprovidersandthoseserved,cantrusteachotherintheseways.
Onlyintheseways,canbothparties,serviceprovidersandthoseserved,enjoyahealthyatmosphereofmutualtrust.
【应用模板】
该思·
适合的题目特点是:
图片幽默地讽刺了社会现象。
描写图片,呈现出与主题相关的细节.揭示图片的本质.Howridiculousitis!
(对图片现象进行总体评价)
Underthefunnyappearancehidesaserioussocialproblemthat具体论述社会问题.举例说明社会问题的普遍.
就社会现象提出自己的看法.指出这种现象的Σ害.Ononehand,提出建议一.Theyshouldremembertheoldsaying,引用谚语或名言来加强建议一的论述.Ontheotherhand,提出建议二.Onlyintheseways,指出施行以上建议的好处.
1999年
[句式精解]
1.Thesecondgraphdemonstratestheextinctionof70wildlifespeciesamongwhich50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.
Thesecondgraphshowsthedisappearanceof70wildlifespecies.
50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.
Thesecondgraphshowsthedisappearanceof70wildlifespecies,amongwhich50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.
Thesecondgraphdemonstratestheextinctionof70wildlifespecies,amongwhich50to60speciesdisappearedfromtheplanetbetween1800and1900.
2.What’sworse,theprocessofurbanizationandindustrializationwilldrivesortsofwildanimalsawayfromtheirshelterstootherplaceswheretheycannotsurviveduetotheharshenvironment.
Urbanizationandindustrializationisinprogress.
Sortsofwildanimalsgoawayfromtheirhometootherplaces.
Theenvironmentinthenewplacesisbad.
Theycannotsurvive.
Urbanizationandindustrializationisinprogressandsortsofwildanimalsgoawayfromtheirhometootherplaceswheretheenvironmentisbadandtheycannotsurvive.
Theprocessofurbanizationandindustrializationwilldrivesortsofwildanimalsawayfromtheirshelterstootherplaceswheretheycannotsurviveduetotheharshenvironment.
④利用衔接词连贯上下文
What’sworse,theprocessofurbanizationand...
Therearetwographsabove.Thefirstgraphshows描写第一个图表.Thesecondgraphdemonstrates描写第二个图表.Itseemsthat归纳两个图表的联系.Inotherwords,______.(根据图表信息提出论点)
Theaboveargumentmakessenselogicallyforthefollowingreason(s).阐述具体的原因.
提出个人观点.Someactionsarerequiredtobetakento____.(引出下文的建议)Firstofall,提出第一个建议.Inaddition,提出第二个建议.
2000年
1.In1900therewasonlyoneshipinthesearichinfishes,whilein1995,therebecameonlyonefishintheseacrowdedwithships.
In1900therewasonlyoneshipinthesea.
In1900theseawasrichinfishes.
In1995therebecameonlyonefishinthesea.
In1995theseawascrowdedwithships.
In1900therewasonlyoneshipintheseaandtheseawasrichinfishes,whilein1995,therebecameonlyonefishintheseaandtheseawascrowdedwithships.
In1900therewasonlyoneshipinthesearichinfishes,whilein1995,therebecameonlyonefishintheseacrowdedwithships.
2.Thecaptiondemonstratesthatitwastheever-developingfishingindustrythatcausedthedevastatingeffectsonthefishingresource.
Thecaptiondemonstratesthefollowingmeaning.
Fishingindustrydevelopedgradually.
Fishingindustryinfluencedfishingresource.
Theeffectsweredevastating.
Thecaptiondemonstratesthatfishingindustrywhichdevelopedgraduallyinfluencedfishingresourceandtheeffectsweredevastating.
Thecaptiondemonstratesthatitwastheever-developingfishingindustrythatcausedthedevastatingeffectsonthefishingresource.
本句亮点是使用强调句结构强调主语。
在考研英语写作中,强调句主要用来强调状语或主语、宾
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