国际商法英语专业Word文档下载推荐.docx
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国际商法英语专业Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Law
3.GraspthebasicrequirementsoflegalEnglishlearning.
4.Gettoknowthefeaturesofinternationallaw;
5.Gettoknowthesourcesofinternationallaw.
II.ThePointstoBeHighlighted
1.Therelationshipamongthekeyelementsas“international”,“business”and“law”
2.Theunderstandingofthenatureoflaw
III.TeachingApproachesandFacilities
Approaches:
1.Pair/Groupwork2.Discussion3Task-basedapproach
4.Communicativeapproach5.Questionsandanswers……
Facilities:
PPTdemonstrationinthemediaclassroom;
on-lineresearch
IV.BackgroundInformation
1.Economicglobalization,inrecentyears,hasbeenoneofthehottestfocusesintheworld.Althoughitisextremelydifficulttodefineeconomicglobalization,manyeconomistsandbusinessexpertsbelievethatnobusinesscanbepurelydomestic,andtherealitiesofthemodernworldmakeallbusinessinternational.
2.Thecausesofthesedevelopmentsarenumerous:
(1)Incredibleadvancesinefficiencyofcommunication;
(2)Extraordinaryreductionsintransportcosts;
(3)Growingprevalenceofinstanttele-and-cyber-transactions;
(4)Treatyandothernormscausingreductionofgovernmentalbarrierstotrade;
(5)Theblessingofrelativepeaceintheworld.
V.TeachingProceduresandContents
1.IntroducetheoutlineofthisChapter:
ThisChapterwilldiscuss:
vWHATISINTERNATIONALLAW?
vSOURCESOFINTERNATIONALLAW
✧Internationalconventions;
✧Internationalcustom;
✧Generalprinciplesoflaw;
✧Judicialdecisions;
✧Teachingsofpublicists.
vTHESCOPEOFINTERNATIONALLAW
vCOMPARISONOFMUNICIPALLEGALSYSTEMS
✧Romano-GermanicCivilLaw;
✧Anglo-AmericanCommonLaw;
✧IslamicLaw
TaskDesign—explaintheoutlineofthischaptertothestudentsafterthebrainstormingofthestudents.
2.WHATISINTERNATIONALLAW?
vDefined:
Thebodyofrulesandnormsthatregulatesactivitiescarriedonoutsidethelegalboundariesofnations
Itregulatesthreeinternationalrelationships:
1)Thosebetweenstatesandstates.
2)Thosebetweenstatesandpersons.
3)Thosebetweenpersonsandpersons.
vThedifferencesbetweenpublicinternationallawandprivateinternationallaw
PublicInternationalLaw
PrivateInternationalLaw
Sourceofinternationallaw
Torts
Internationalpersonality
Contractsandsales
Stateterritory
Transportation
Statesuccession
Financing
Stateresponsibilitytoaliens
Intellectualproperty
Lawofthesea
Antitrust
Lawofwar
StatesandStates
PersonsandPersons
Divisionofsubjectmatterhasbecomemoreblurrednowadays
Taskdesign:
askstudentstoillustrateeachpointaccordingtotheirrespectiveunderstanding.
vIsInternationalLawReallyLaw?
1)Becausenationsandindividualsregardinternationallawaslaw,itislaw.
2)Comity:
Thepractice,orcourtesy,betweennationsoftreatingeachotherwithgoodwillandcivility.
3)Comityisnotlawbecausecountriesdonotregarditassomethingtheyarerequiredtorespect.
3.SOURCESOFINTERNATIONALLAW
Thosethingswhichinternationaltribunalsrelyuponindeterminingthecontentofinternationallaw;
vTreatiesandConventions:
1)Definitions:
✧Treatiesareagreementsbetweenoneormorenations.
✧Conventionsareagreementssponsoredbyinternationalorganizations.
2)Reasonsforbindingeffect:
✧Sharedsenseofcommitment
✧Becauseonecountryfearsthatifitdoesnotrespectitspromises,othercountrieswillnotrespecttheirpromises
3)Rulesgoverningtreaties:
✧Traditionallycustomary;
✧NowcodifiedintheViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties(inforcesince1980).
vCustom
1)Defined:
Rulesthathavebeenaroundforalongtimeorwhicharegenerallyaccepted.
Caveat:
Customaryrulesareconstantlychanging.
2)Establishingtheexistenceofacustomarylaw:
Mustshowtwoelements—onebehavioralandonepsychological:
✧Usus(Latinfor:
usage):
Istheconsistentandrecurringaction(orlackofactionifthecustomisoneofnoninvolvement)bystates.
✧Opiniojurisetnecessitatis(Latinfor:
Oftheopinionthattheruleisproperandrequired):
Thecustommustberegardedbystatesobservingitasonethattheymustobligatorilyfollow.
3)Exceptionstotheapplicationofcustom:
✧Persistentobjector:
Astatethatpersistentlyobjectstoapracticeduringitsformativestageswillneverbecomeapartytoit.
✧Astateallowedbytheinternationalcommunitytodeviatefromacustomarypractice.
vGeneralPrinciples
Generalprinciplesoflawarecommontoboth(orall)thestatepartiestoadispute.
comparativestudyingroupstoanalyzetheorderoflegaleffectoftheaboveresourcesoflaw.
4.COMPARISONSOFMUNICIPALLEGALSYSTEMS
vLegal“families”
1)Romano-GermanicCivilLaw.
2)Anglo-AmericanCommonLaw.
3)IslamicLaw.
vTheRomano-GermanicCivilLawSystem
TheOldestandmostinfluentialofthelegalfamilies
A.FrenchCivilCode
1)FrenchCivilCode(CodeNapoleon)of1804
✧Therighttopossessprivateproperty;
✧Thefreedomtocontract;
✧Theautonomyofthepatriarchalfamily.
2)DifferencesfromtheGermanCode:
✧Writteninashortperiodoftime.
✧Itsstyleandformareonethatisstraightforward,easytoread,andunderstandabletoeveryone.
3)DifferencesfromtheEnglishcommonlaw:
Itcontainsflexiblegeneralrulesratherthandetailedprovisions.
B.GermanCivilCodeof1896.
1) CharacteristicsoftheGermanCode:
✧Incrediblypreciseandtechnical.
✧Specialterminologyisused.
2)DifferencesfromtheFrenchCode:
Itismeantexclusivelyfortheuseoftrainedexperts(notlayreaders).
C.CountrieswithCivilLawsystemsdistinguishbetweenthecivillawandpublicLaw.
1)Publiclawevolvedseparatelyfromthemovementforcodificationofcivilorprivatelaw.
✧Publiclawisconstitutionalandadministrativelaw.
✧Publiclawistreatedinavarietyofwaysinthecivillawcountries.
vTheAnglo-AmericanCommonLawSystem
1)Historicalorigins:
In1066,theNormansconqueredEnglandandWilliamtheConquerorbegantocentralizethegovernmentaladministrationofhisnewkingdom.
Thename“commonlaw”isderivedfromthetheorythattheking’scourtsrepresentedthecommoncustomoftherealm,asopposedtothelocalcustomarylawpracticedinthecountyandmanorialcourts.
2)The“commonlaw”mustbedistinguishedfromthelawwhichevolvedoutof:
✧Equity:
Aprincipleofjusticedevelopedbytheking’schaplain,orchancellor,toprovidepartieswitharemedywhennonewasavailableintheking’scourts.
✧Admiralty(thelawsgoverningsailors)andotherspecializedjurisdictions.
vTheIslamicLawSystem——KnownasShari’a.
1)Sourcesintheorderoftheirimportance:
✧TheKoran.
✧TheSunnahordecisionsandsayingsoftheProphetMuhammad.
✧ThewritingsofIslamicscholarswhoderivedrulesbyanalogyfromtheprinciplesestablishedintheKoranandtheSunnah.
✧Theconsensusofthelegalcommunity.
2)NotethattheShari’aisprimarilyamoralcode.
✧Itisprincipallyconcernedwithethics.
✧Inthisrespect,itcontainsmanyprinciplesincommonwiththecivillawandthecommonlaw.
✧Itismuchlessconcernedwithpromotingcommerceandinternationalrelationsthanthesecularlegalsystems.
groupworkandonlineresearch.
VI.Assignments
1.TranslationExercises:
Article38
(1)oftheStatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeliststhesourcesthattheCourtispermittedtouse.
TheCourt,whosefunctionistodecideinaccordancewithinternationallawsuchdisputesasaresubmittedtoit,shallapply:
(a)Internationalconventions,whethergeneralorparticular,establishingrulesexpresslyrecognizedbythecontestingstates;
(b)Internationalcustom,asevidenceofageneralpracticeacceptedaslaw;
(c)Thegeneralprinciplesoflawrecognizedbycivilizednations;
(d)SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticle59,judicialdecisionsandtheteachingsofthemosthighlyqualifiedpublicistsofthevariousnations,assubsidiarymeansforthedeterminationofrulesoflaw.
2.Casestudy—TheLotusin1927
AcollisionoccurredonthehighseasbetweenaFrenchsteamerandaTurkishcollierinwhichsomeTurkishcrewmembersandpassengerslosttheirlives.WhentheFrenchshipdockedinaTurkishport,theTurkishgovernmentbegancriminalproceedingsagainsttheFrenchofficersonwatchatthetimeofthecollision.TheFrenchappealedtothepermanentCourtsofInternationalJusticearguingthatTurkeyhadviolatedinternationallaw,because,Francesaid,onlytheflagstatehasjurisdictionovercriminalincidentsonthehighseas.
ThePCIJsaidthatthefewcasesFrancecitedforthisproposition“merelyshowthatstateshadoften,inpractice,abstainedfrominstitutingcriminalproceedings,andnotthattheyrecognizedthemselvesasbeingobligedtodoso;
foronlyifsuchabstentionswerebasedontheirbeingconsciousofadutytoabstainwoulditbepossibletospeakofaninternationalcustom.”
Conclusion:
Turkeywasallowedtocontinuewithitscriminalprosecution.
VII.ReferenceMaterial
Internationalbusinesslaw(Text,Cases,andReadings)RayAugust
InternationalBusinessLawandItsEnvironmentbyRichardSchaffer,BeverleyEarle
InternationalBusinessLaw:
ATransactionalApproachbyLarryDiMatteoandLucienJ.Dhooge
ChapterTwo
TheMultinationalEnterprise
Oncom
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