各国文化以礼仪双语Word文件下载.docx
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各国文化以礼仪双语Word文件下载.docx
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5.Ahost/hostessusuallyoffersadditionalservingtotheguestsbypassingthedishcontainingfoodfromonepersontoanother.
[UnitTwo]
6.Americans’preferencetosplittingthecheckfullyindicatestheirstinginess.[UnitTwo]
7.Therelationshipoftheindividualsoftheoppositesexmayleadtocasualacquaintance,atypeoffriendshiporapassionateinvolvementorevenmarriage.
[UnitTwo]
8.Bothoftheboy(man)andthegirl(woman)inAmericahavetheresponsibilityfortheexpensesonthedate.
9.YoumaymisssmilesandbriefconversationswithpeopleintheAmericancitieswhereeveryoneappearsinahurry.
[UnitThree]
10.AsAmericansliveinamobileandever—changingsocietyinwhich
peopletendtoavoiddeepinvolvementswithothers,theytendto
havecasualfriendship.
11.Whenstrugglingfortheirstatusandwealth,Americansusuallyignorethespiritualorhumanaspectoflife.
12.DrivingintheU.S.entailsnotonlymechanicalmanipulationsof
anautomobile,butcustomarystylesofdriving.
13.PeopleofallclassesinBritainprefertogotopub,inwhichtheywillhavegreatfunandfreetalkintheirprivatehours.[UnitThree]
14.Restaurantsoncampusandontheoutskirtsoftownsattractstudents,driversandmotoristsbecausetheyareconvenientandservelargeportionofgoodandfillingfoodatlowprices.
[UnitFour]
15.TheEnglishpeopletendtounderratetheirownfoodandslighttheircookerybecausetheirnationalcuisineissimpleandawful.[UnitFour]
16.TheEnglishenthusiasticadoptionofforeignfoodhasenrichedtheircuisine,andtheyhavealmostmadesomeforeignfoodnationaldishes.[UnitFour]
17.Thetraditionofholdingan“OpenHouse”onNewYear’sDaywasbroughtintoAmericabyDutchimmigrantsandthecustomsofdressingupinspecialcostumesforNewYear’sDayparadeandeatingbakedhamwerebroughtbySwedishimmigrants.
[UnitFive]
18.TherulesforthegameofEasterEggRollare:
a)Toseewhocanrollaneggthelongesttime.
b)Toseewhocanmaketheeggrollwithoutbreakingitonaroughandwindyroad.[UnitFive]
19.Americans’interestinspectatorsportsseemsreallyexcessive
andevenobsessivetomanyforeignvisitors.[UnitSix]
20.TheAmericangovernmentisnotallowedtooperatearadioorTVstationtoreachAmericanpeople,becauseAmericanpeoplefearthatthegovernmentmight.taketheadvantageofmediatoinfluencevotersinelections.[UnitSix]
PartIIVocabulary
Directions:
Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencetherearethreechoices.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thencirclethecorrespondingletteryouthinkistherightchoice.(10%)
1.Aperson’sprivacyisviewedasanindividualorprivatepropertythatnoonecansharewithoutpermissionintheU.S.
A.possessionB.boundaryC.territory
2.“Avoidingexcessatthedinnertable”isviewedas“”.
whichisthehallmarkofthecommonpeopleintheWesternworld.
A.certaintyB.modestyC.courtesy
3.IntheUnitedStates,thereisawidespreadpracticeofmaking“smalltalk”incertainsocialsituations.Smalltalkdealswithvarioustopics,simplyforthesakeofkeepingaconversationgoing.
A.potentiallyB.superficiallyC.essentially
4.Americansdonotshowvisitorsgreatofspecialcourtesyifdoingsorequiresmuchoftheirtime.
A.amountB.quantityC.number
5.InAmerica,datingaofmembersofoppositesexdoesnotindicatefrivolityonpartofamanorpromiscuityonpartofawoman.A.categoryB.varietyC.type
6.CitypeopleinAmericaalwaysappearinahurryandtendtobeimpatientiftheyaredelayedevenforamoment.Theyleadafastpacedlife.
A.chiefB.certainC.brief
7.Thenotablecharacteristics:
Individualism,Informality,CasualFriendship,TimeConsciousness,andMaterialismbestdescribeandpracticesthatarecommonamongtheAmericanpeople.
A.attitudesB.responsesC.impressions
8.OnthearrivalintheU.S.,aforeignstudentshouldgainfurther
informationonlocalhousing,andsomeknowledgeoftypesofhousing,rent,utilities,facilities,transitservice,etc.beforesigningacontract.A.operationsB.optionsC.0rganlzatlons
9.TrafficaccidentsintheU.S.areusuallyconsideredtocarelessness,ormechanicalfailures,andnotfrom“fate”,“God'
swill"
.orotherforcesbeyondhumancontrol.
A.coincidewithB.resultfromC.getthrough
10.AgreatnumberofcolorfulforeignwordshavebeenbroughtintotheEnglishlanguage,andmanyforeigndisheshavebeenadoptedandanglicizedsincetheGreatBritain’scolonialtime.
A.constantlyB.continuallyC.gradually
11.TheChinesewomanfoundthateatingAmericanmealsmost.Shecouldneitherappreciatethefoodpreparedbythe
AmericansnorunderstandAmericans’talkandlaughafterthedinner.
A.troublesomeB.disturbingC.elaborate
12.ANewYear’sresolutionisatoyourselftoimproveinsomewayinthecomingnewyear.
A.dedicationB.determinationC.demonstration
13.EasterisnowafestivallessandpeopleintheWesterncountriescelebrateit"
justforfunandenjoyitwiththeEasterSymbols--EasterBunny,EasterEgg,andEasterflowers.
A.tediousB.fabulousC.religious
14.OnHalloweennight,peopledressupindifferentcostumes,Wear,andyell“trickortreat!
"
atthedoorsoftheirneighbors’houses.A.masksB.jewelsC.ornaments
15.SportsandrecreationabsorbahugeamountofAmericans,emotion,aswellastheirtime.And,money.
A.atanyrateB.insomecasesC.tosomeextent
16.Makingnoisewhileeatingisconsideredasill—bred,andaperson
whodoessomaythosewhoarehavingdinnerwithhim/her.
A.botherB.restrictC.offend
17.Wheninvitedtoadinner,youshouldnotexpressyourordislikeofcertainfoods.Eithereatitorpassitoverquietly.Eatitifyoulikeandsetitasideifyoudislikeit.
A.displeasureB.disapprovalC.disregard
18.Whenpurchasingacar,itisfortheforeignstudenttobeaccompaniedbyanAmericanwhoisfamiliarwiththeproceduresinvolved,priceranges,andsoforth.
A.advisableB.adequateC.acceptable
19.Themostrefinedactionof“pleasepassmethesalt/pepper.”isnotaboutthebutrequiresthegreatestnumberofstepstocarryItout.
A.sufficiencyBefficiencyC.frequency
20.PresidentNixonhadtoresignmainlybecausereportersforWashingtonPostnewspaperthatthepresidenthadliedwhenhewasaskedabouttheWatergateburglary.
A.reflectedB.releasedC.revealed
PartIIITranslation
Thereare10incompletesentencesinthispart.IneachsentencetherearetwoblanksforyoutofillinwithappropriateEnglishwordswiththereferenceoftheChinesewordsgiveninthebracket.Pleasewriteyourtranslationoneachline.(10%)
1.AseIf—introductionis(一般足以)togainacceptanceintoagrouporjoininaconversationintheU.S.[UnitOne]
2.People’sbehaviorinpublicplaces,liketheirbehavioranywhereelse,is(易于受到)tocultural(影响).[UnitTwo]
3.Thegoalofgainingcoreknowledgeoftablemannersistobehave
With(谦和)and(沉着)atthedinnertable.
4.Livingwithahostfamilytemporarilyisoneofthehousingoptionsforaforeignstudentbeforehe/shefindsasuitableand
(永久的住处).[UnitThree]
5.Americansarealwaysreadytomovebecausetheyare(不安分)
andtryto(追求)somethingnewandbetter.
6.TheChinesewomanfeelsan(反感)totheAmericanfastfood,suchashotdogs,hamburgers,andsandwiches,becausetheyareall(无味)andsmellworse.[UnitFour]
7.Inthepast,whenkidsrangthedoorbell,peopleinsidethehouse
Were(期望/就得)tocomeoutandgive(夸赞)tothekids'
costumesandputsomecoinsintothe“trickortreat”bags.
[UnitFive]
8.TheGermanimmigrantsboughtthe(象征物)oftheEasterBunnytoAmerica.Itwaswidely(忽略)byotherChristiansuntilshortlyaftertheCivilWar.
9.Althoughsomerecreationalactivitiesarecostlyandtimeand
(精力消耗),mostAmericansthinktheyareworthwhile.
10.ThesportsethicisexpressedintheOlympicCreed,whichisnottothemostimportantthinginlifeisnotthe(成功的喜悦)butthe
(拼搏).[UnitSix]
PartIVQuestions
PleasegiveabriefanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtowhatyouhavelearnedfromBritishandAmericanCulturesandCustoms.Writeyouranswersundereachquestion.(10%)
1.WhatdotheWesternersthinkoftheChineseStudents’excessiveexpressionofgratitudeandwhatisoverdoingapologyactuallyconsideredintheWesternworld?
[UnitOne]
2.Whatdoesthenotion“Lineup,andwaityourturn.”reflect?
3.Whatisthedefinitionof“Dutchtreat”?
4.WhyisAmericansocietysaidto“beruledbytheclock”?
[UnitThree]
5.Whydoesaforeignstudenthavetopayadepositbeforemovingintoanapartmentorahouse7[UnitThree]
6.WheredomiddleclasspeopleinBritainprefertogotospendtheirleisurehoursandwhy?
[-UnitThree]
7.Wh
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- 关 键 词:
- 各国 文化 礼仪 双语
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