职称英语等级考试题及答案理工B文档格式.docx
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职称英语等级考试题及答案理工B文档格式.docx
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A.painsB.partsC.aspectsD.results
7.Londonquicklybecameaflourishingport.
A.majorB.largeC.successfulD.commercial
8.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.
A.homeworkB.justiceC.modelD.act
9.Heledaverymorallife.
A.humanB.intelligentC.naturalD.honorable
10.Hisstomachfelthollowwithfear.
A.sincereB.respectfulC.emptyD.terrible
11.Itwasamagicnightuntilthespellwasbroken.
A.timeB.charmC.spaceD.opportunity
12.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.
A.startedB.changedC.movedD.lasted
13.Theyaretryingtoidentifywhatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.
A.discoverB.proveC.considerD.imagine
14.HisknowledgeofFrenchisfair.
A.veryusefulB.verylimitedC.quitegoodD.ratherspecial
15.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.
A.limitB.regulateC.opposeD.support
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;
如果该句
提供的是正确信息,请选择A;
如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;
如果该句的信
息文中没有提及,请选择C。
SoMany“Earths”
TheMilkyWaycontainsbillionsofEarth-sizedplanetsthatcouldsupportlifethat'
sthe
findingofanewstudy.ItdrawsondatethatcamefromNASA'
stopplanet-huntingtelescope.
TheauthorsofastudypublishedinTheProceedingsoftheNationaof
sciences,concludethatbetween14and30outofevery100stars,wiamassand
temperaturesimilartotheSun,mayhostaplanetthatcouldsupportlifeknowit.
Theestimateisrough,theauthorsadmothesolarsystem,itwoulddefine
ashabitableazonestartingasclosetotheusandrunningtoasfarawayasMars.
NeitherplanetisEarthlike(althougheghthavebeeninthedistantpast).Usingtighter
limits,theresearchersestimatethat4and8outofevery100Sunlikestarscouldhost
anEarth-sizedworld.Theseareohatwouldtake200to400daystocompleteayearly
orbit.
Thenewestimateofhowmanyplanetsmightfitthenscomesfromstudying
morethan42,000starsandidentifyingsuitablewbitingthem.Thescientistsused
thosenumberstoextrapolatetotherestofthestelescopecouldnotsee.
SuchaplanetwouldhaveadiameteratleastaslargeasEarthezone.That'
s,butnomorethantwice
thatbig.Theplanetalsowouldhavetoorbitinastar'
shab'
swherethe
surfacetemperaturewouldallowanywatertoexistasaliqid
AmechanicalfailurerecentlyputthatKeplerspacetelescopeoutofservice.Keplerhad
playedabigroleincreatingacensusofplanetsorbitingsome170,000stars.Itsdatahave
beenhelpingastronomerspredicthowcommonplanetsareinourgalaxy.Tpe
focusedonhuntingplanetsthatmighthaveconditionssimilartothoseonEarth.
16.TheKepacetelescopehasbeeninservicefor15years.
17.ntaskoftheKeplerspacetelescopeistofindoutplanetswithsimilarconditions
toEarths.
Fouroutof00sunlikestarsdoesn'
tsoundlikeabignumber.Itwouldmean,
however,thattheMycouldhostmorethanabillionEarth-sizedplanetswithachange
forlife.
B.WrongC.Notmentioned
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18.TheplanetthatcouldsupportlifemightbealittlebitsmallerthanEarth.
19.TheEarthisplanetorbitingintheSun'
shabitablezone.
20.Thenewfindingisbasedonathoroughstudyof170,000starsintheMilkyWay.
21.Theestimateofthenumberofplanetsthatcouldsupportlifeisnotveryaccurate.
2014职称英语网络精品课程第2页,共10
页
22.Thisisthefirstresearchfindingabouttheplanetswithachanceforlife.
第3部分:
概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定
段落每段选择1个小标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定
一个最佳选项。
ClimateChange:
TheLongReach
1Earthiswarming.Sealevelsarerising.There'
smorecarbonintheair,andArcticiceis
meltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmenttobetter
gauge(评估)Earth'
sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylong
time.
2Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide,a
colorlessgas.Intheair,thisgastrapsheatatEarth’ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxide
released,themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn’tslow,the
long-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears—andbemoreseverethanscientistshad
beenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthis
conclusioninanewpaper.
3Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat'
sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso.During
thattime,changesintheplanet'
senvironmentcouldnudge(推动)globalwarmingevenhigher.
Forexample:
Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt,sunlightcannow
reach—andwarm—theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheairtemperatureevenmore,
causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggerationofimpactsiscalleda“fast
feedback.”.
4Zeebesaysit'
simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.However,headds,they'
relimited.Froma
climatechangeperspective."
Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenextfew
generations,”hetoldScienceNews.“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100.”Forhisnewstudy,
Zeebenowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks”.Whilefastfeedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesor
centuries,slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Meltingofcontinentalicesheetsandthe
migrationofplantlife—astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas—aretwoexamplesofslow
feedbacks.
5Zeebegatheredinformationfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesinvestigatinghowsuch
processesplayedoutoverthousandsofyearsduringpastdramaticchangesinclimate.Then
hecameupwithaforecastforthefuturethataccountsforbothslowandfastfeedback
processes.Climateforecaststhatuseonlyfastfeedbackspredicta4.5degreeCelsius(8.1
degreeFahrenheit)changebytheyear3000.Butslowfeedbacksaddedanother1.5°
C—for
a6°
totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatstowfeedbackeventswillcauseglobal
warmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafterpeoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.
A.Impactofburningfossilfuels
B.Slowfeedbacks
C.Apredictionoffutureclimatechange
D.Fastfeedbacks
E.Risingofsealevels
F.Unpredictabilityoffeedbackprocesses
23.Paragraph2____A_____
24.Paragraph3____D____
25.Paragraph4____B_____
26.Paragraph5____C_____
27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin____B_____.
28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach____E____.
29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing___F_____.
30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor___A_____.
A.averylongtime
B.recordedhistory
C.rapidexaggerationofimpacts
D.theextraheat
E.theexposedground
F.previouslypublishedstudies
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选
项。
第一篇ApproachestoUnderstandingIntelligences
(本次考试理工A阅读其中一篇)
Itbaystobesmart,butwearenotallsmartinthesameway.Youmaybeatalentedmusician,but
youmightnotbeagoodreader.Eachofusisdifferent.
Psychologistsdisagreeaboutwhatisintelligenceandwhataretalentsorpersonal
abilities.Psychologistshavetwodifferentviewsonintelligence.Somebelievethereisonegeneral
intelligence.Othersbelievetherearemanydifferentintelligences.
SomepsychologistssaythereisonetypeofintelligencethatcanbemeasuredwithIQtests.These
psychologistssupporttheirviewwithresearchthatconcludesthatpeoplewhodowellononekind
oftestformentalabilitydowellonothertests.Theydowellontestsusingwords,numbersor
pictures.Theydowellonindividualorgrouptests,andwrittenororaltests.Thosewhodopoorly
ononetest,dothesameonalltests.
Studiesofthebrainshowthatthereisabiologicalbasisforgeneralintelligence.Thebrainof
intelligencepeopleuselessenergyduringproblemsolving.Thebrainwavesofpeoplewithhigher
intelligenceshowaquickerreaction.Someresearchersconcludethatdifferencesinintelligence
resultfromdifferencesinthespeedandeffectivenessofinformationprocessingbythebrain.
HowardGardner,apsychologistattheHarvardSchoolofEducation,hasfourchildren.He
believesthatallchildrenaredifferentandshouldn’tbetestedbyoneintelligencetest.Although
Gardnerbelievesgeneralintelligenceexists,hedoesn’tthinkittellsmuchaboutthetalentsofa
personoutsideofformalschooling.Hethinkthatthehumanmindhasdifferent
intelligences.Theseintelligencesallowustosolvethekindsofproblemswearepresentedwithin
life.Eachofushasdifferentabilitieswithintheseintelligences.Gardnerbelievesthatthepurpose
ofschoolshouldbetoencouragedevelopmentofallofourintelligen
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