Photoelectrochemical etching to fabricate singlecrystal SiC MEMS for harsh environmentsWord下载.docx
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Photoelectrochemical etching to fabricate singlecrystal SiC MEMS for harsh environmentsWord下载.docx
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theFBreactor,thefuelandoxidantsupplies,andancillaries.Plantflexibilityisemphasized.ItallowstooperateunderdifferentCO2/O2ratios,andtorecycleCO2fromthefluegases.Boththeprocessesdesignandmonitoringaresupportedbysimulationsthathavebeenvalidatedagainstexperimentaldata,regardingfluiddynamics,combustion,andheattransfer.Finally,theperformanceofthefacilityhasbeentestedbothwithcoalaloneandblendedwithbiomass.CO2concentrationsover90%(drybasis)inthefluegaseshavebeenobtained.Comparisonofairandoxygencombustiontestsandoperationalrecommendationsarediscussed,confirmingthefeasibilityoftheFBoxyfueltechnologyforCO2capturepurposes.
ArticleOutline
Nomenclature
1.Introduction
2.Designoftheexperimentalplant
2.1.Designbasisandranges
2.2.Fluidizedbedreactor
2.3.Fuelsupply
2.4.Oxidantsupply
2.5.Controlandinstruments
3.Processsimulation
3.1.Fluid-dynamicsandmassbalance
3.2.Combustion
3.3.Heattransfer
4.Commissioningandcombustiontests
4.1.Air-firingtests
4.2.Oxyfueltests
4.3.Resultsdiscussion
5.Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Android/OSGi-basedvehicularnetworkmanagementsystem
ComputerCommunications
MostAfricancitieslackpipedseweragenetworks;
wheresuchnetworksexist,theytypicallyserveonlywealthydistrictsandaregrosslydysfunctional.Socanlow-costseweragesystemsbeappropriate;
orwouldeffortsbebetterdirectedatnon-pipedsanitationsolutionssuchaslatrinesandseptictanks?
TherecentlyterminatedPAQPUDprojectwasaWorldBank-financedsanitationinterventioninDakar(Senegal),includingabout14millionUS$forprovisionofsettledseweragenetworksin11low-incomedistrictsofthecity;
thisisthefirstlarge-scaleimplementationoflow-costsewerageinsub-SaharanAfrica.Thisarticlereportsanindependentevaluationofprojectoutcomecarriedoutin2009,includingtheresultsofhouseholdersurveysin3ofthe5districtsinwhichthesystembecameoperational.Variousaspectsoftheprojectarelaudablemodelsofdevelopmentprojectimplementation,includingthespecifictargetingoflow-incomedistricts,andtheeffectiveinvolvementoflocalcommunityorganizationsinprojectimplementation;
furthermore,intheoperationaldistricts,reasonablyhighcoveragelevelswereachieved,andbeneficiaryhouseholdersgenerallyshowedhighsatisfaction.However,overalloutcomeconsideringall11districtsmustbeconsideredverypoor,withonlyabout20–30%oftargetedcoverageachieved;
thisislargelyattributabletodeficientadjudicationandmanagementofconstructioncontracts.Furthermore,innoneoftheoperationaldistrictshasaworkableorganizationalframeworkforlong-termlocalnetworkmaintenancebeennegotiated;
andinseveraldistrictssystemdischargesprobablyconstituteasignificanthealthrisk.Thesefindingssuggestthatlow-costseweragemaybeanappropriatesolutioninsomeAfricanurbancontexts,butonlyifdiversepotentialproblemscanberesolvedattheplanning,constructionandmanagementstages.Ourfindingsalsohighlighttheneedforrigorousindependentmonitoringandevaluationofprojectsofthistype.
Introduction
ThePAQPUDdistricts:
basiccharacteristics
Methods
Householdersurveys
Results
Overallprojectoutcome
Yoff(operational)
Cambé
rè
ne(notoperational)
Ouakam(operational)
HannBelAir(notoperational)
Thiaroye-sur-Mer(notoperational)
Mbao(operational)
Bargny(notoperational)
Ngor(operational)
RufisqueEst(notoperational)
Cité
OusmanFall(operational)
SONES(notoperational)
Beneficiarysatisfactionandsystemmaintainability
Discussion
Generaloutcomeevaluation
Contractornon-compliance…why?
Constructionquality
Systemmaintainability
Environmentalandpublichealthimpacts
LessonsforothersewerageprojectsinAfricancities
Contractadjudicationandmanagement
Landcostsandrelatedissues
Operationandmaintenance
Wastewaterdisposal
Conflictofintereststatement
Ethicalapproval
Funding
工作职责:
1、景观水水质保持微生物技术
2、景观水水生植物选择技术
3、基地水环境实验室运营
任职资格:
1、环境工程、水生物、微生物等相关专业。
2、熟悉水质检测、有景观水保障技术设计经验为佳。
developscalablemodelsforthetransientresponseofsleepersinconventionalandhigh-speedrailwaylinesandimplementationtotheverticalvibrationmode
SoilDynamicsandEarthquakeEngineering
Overthelast50years,therehavebeenmanysignificantenhancementsincomputeraidedsystemswhichhaveinfluencedtheCNCtechnology.OneareathatcanbeconsideredasabottlenecktotheseCNCenhancements,andinparticulartointeroperabilityinCNCmanufacturingisG&
Mpartprogramming(ISO6983).Toovercomethisbottleneck,thenewstandardISO14649,knownasSTEP-NC,isbeingdevelopedtoprovidedetailedinformationoncomponentdesign,processplanningandmachiningstrategiestomanufacturepartsforthenextgenerationofintelligentCNCs.ThisstandardformsthebasisofanewparadigmshiftintheCNCdomaintosupportdigitalmodellingofCNCmanufacturingresources.TheresearchinthispaperaimstoidentifymajorissuesanddevelopnewsoftwaretoolstodemonstratethefeasibilityofinteroperableCNCmanufacturingbasedonSTEP-NC.BesidestheliteraturereviewonrecentresearchanddevelopmentonSTEP-NC,thispaperproposesaProcessPlanningSystem(PPS)withsurfaceroughnesschosenastheprocessplanningobjective.PPSconsistsoffivemodules:
programreader,processplanner,STEP-NCCADviewer,STEP-NCCAMviewerandprogramwriter.ThereaderisresponsibleforinterpretingthegeometryandthemanufacturingdatafromaSTEP-NCtextfileintoastoreddatalist.Theprocessplannerusesthisdatalistandenablesuserstoevaluatesurfaceroughnessbasedonamathematicalmodel.ThroughtheSTEP-NCCADviewer,thepartgeometrycanbeshownandviatheSTEP-NCCAMviewerthetoolpathcanbeverified.Finally,thewriterconvertsthestoredSTEP-NCdataofthesystemintoanupdatedSTEP-NCfile.AnexamplecasestudycomponentisusedtodemonstratethePPSandshowtheinterfacingoftheSTEP-NCdata.
2.Literaturereview
3.STEP-NCprocessplanningsystem(PPS)architecture
4.Processplanner
4.1.STEP-NCprocessplanner
4.2.Surfaceroughnessmodel
5.Toolpathgenerator
5.1.Theselectionofthetoolpathplanningunit
5.2.Theprocedureoftoolpathplanning
5.2.1.Materialremoval
5.2.2.Machinestrategies
6.Discussion
7.Conclusions
Windenergyconversionwithavariable-ratiogearbox:
designandanalysis
RenewableEnergy
Inthisstudyaninterventiontoimproveworkprocessesinairtrafficcontrol(ATC)isevaluated.The
backgroundwastheFinnishairtrafficcontrollers’strikeof1999.TheoldwaysofthinkingandactingdidnotsupportdevelopmentofATCpromptinganeedforanewkindofworkingcultureintheorganisation.Severalactionswerestarted.Inoneofthese,ATCworkprocessesweremodelledbypersonnelanddevelopmentplansconcerningworkweredeliveredtotopmanagement.Differentactors(management,tradeunion,stakeholders)wereinterviewedbefore(n
=
16)andaftertheproject(n
7).Theinterventionsupportedsystematicco-operationbetweendifferentactorsintheorganisation.However,afollow-uprevealedthatonlyafewparticipantshadadoptedtheideaofcontinuousworkdevelopment.MasteryofhumanfactorsiscrucialinahighreliabilityworkenvironmentsuchasATC.Buthowistheanalyticalandco-operativeaspectkeptaliveinanorganisationthatisrunbystrictinternationalregulationandhasastrongtechnicalcompetence,butisnotthatstrongincollaborativeandhumanaspects?
1.Introduction
1.1.Backgroundoftheintervention
1.2.Needforworkprocessanalysisinhighreliabilityenvironments
1.3.Successofdevelopmentprogramsandchangemanagementprojects
1.4.Theaimofthisstudy
2.Thematerialandmethodsofthestudy
2.1.Intervention–‘processanalysis’
2.1.1.Goals,organisationandactionsintheintervention
2.1.2.Analysisofworkprocessintheproject
2.2.Evaluationoftheintervention
2.2.1.Preinterventioninterviews
2.2.2.Developmentplansduringtheintervention
2.2.3.Postinterventioninterviews
2.2.4.Analysisofthedata
3.Results
3.1.Theprojectgoal
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