全新版大学英语视听阅读2 Unit15Word文档格式.docx
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全新版大学英语视听阅读2 Unit15Word文档格式.docx
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Thecheetah.Withanastonishingabilitytosprintfromzerotoeightykilometersperhourinjustthreeseconds,it’sthefastestanimalonland.Atfullspeed,itcanreachalmost100kilometersperhour.Nothingcanescapeacheetahatfullsprint.Unfortunately,thisbeautiful,shyanimalisinseriousdangerofbecomingextinct.
Inordertohelp,NationalGeographicissendingateamintotheMoremiWildlifeReserveofBotswana.Theirgoalistohelpsavethesemagnificentcreaturesbycapturingthemonfilm.
ThecityofJohannesburg,SouthAfrica,isthefinalstopbeforetheteam’sjourneyintothewildsofAfrica.HeadingtheexpeditionisChrisJohns,aphotographerformorethan25years.Chrishasbeenplanningthistripforalongtime,andaccompanyinghimisguideDaveHamman.DavehaslivedinsouthernAfricamostofhislifeandknowstheregionwell.Hisknowledgewillbeusefulasthetwomenheadmorethan800kilometersnorthintoBotswanaandthewonderfulOkavangoDelta.
TheMoremiReserveisatrulymagicalplace.ItseemsthatAfrica’sentireanimalkingdomresidesintheregion.Zebras,buffaloes,andelephantsareeasilyviewedfromtheroughdirtroad.Evenagiraffemakesanappearance.ChrisandDavecontinuetheirdriveintotheevening.Theyneedtobefarintothewildernesstobegintheirtask:
findingcheetahs.
Thenextday,they’reupearlytobegintheirsearch.
ChrisJohns,NationalGeographicPhotographer:
“Youcan’tjustdriveoutthereandorderupacheetah.Itdoesn’thappenlikethat.Youknowthatitcouldtakedays,weeks.”
Butthensomethingincrediblyunexpectedoccurs...
DaveHamman:
“Idon’tbelievethis.”
It’safemaleandfiveofheryoung.
Hamman:
“Thisisjustnotnormal.”
Duringallofhisyearsinthebush,Davehasneverlocatedsomanycheetahsthisquickly.Thisisexactlywhattheyhadbeenhopingfor.ThediscoveryisespeciallypromisingforChris.
Johns:
“CheetahsareametaphorforsomeofAfrica’sconservationproblems.Becausecheetahsneedrange,andthey’reagoodwaytoexplaintopeoplethatlossofhabitatmeansthepotentiallossofspecies.
Andit’spossiblethatinmylifetimecheetahscouldbecomeextinctinthewild,andthat’s—tome—atragedythat’sunspeakable.”
TheMoremiWildlifeReservehasofferedChrisoneofthelastwindowsintothenaturalworldofthecheetah.ItwilltakeawhileforthecheetahstotrustChris,butifhesucceeds,heknowshe’llbeabletotakethephotographshereallywants:
ashotofacheetahpursuingandkillingitsprey,ora“killsequence.”
“Weknowtherearecertainthingsthatacheetahstoryhastohave.Oneofthemostimportantthingsithastohave—whichisanincrediblydifficultthingtoget—isakillsequence,andyou’realwayslookingforthatpicture.”
Cheetahsarecapableoftremendousburstsofspeed,andhavethecapacitytogainspeedmorequicklythanasportscar.
However,whiletheycanreachalmost100kilometersanhour,cheetahscan’tmaintainsuchspeedsformorethan200to300meters.
Thecheetah’sfailedtocatchherdinnerthistime.Cheetahsmustmakeakilleveryfewdays.Aftermissingthereedbuck,themotherisexhausted,andhercubsarestillhungry.Thetwomendrivebacktocamp,leavingthecheetahfamilytorestintheshade.
Thenextday,ChrisandDavereturntowheretheylastsawthefamilyandfindthatthemotherandhercubsaregone.Thefemalehasprobablytakenthecubsawaytoprotectthem.Theymustnowlookforthecheetahsalloveragain.
“Westillhaven’tseenthemotherwithfivecubsforseveraldaysnow.Thechallengeistokeepyourconcentration,toconstantlylook.Imean,we’relookingforatleasteighttotenhoursaday.”
Thetiringanddifficultsearchturnsfromdaysintoaweek.Thetwomenscaneverythingfromheavybushestoopengrasslands,hopingtocatchsightofthemother.Then,suddenly,theireffortsbecomeworthit.
“There!
Let’sgo,let’sgo!
”
“Didyouseeher”
“Yeah!
She’sinthegrass,justdown,justdownthebreak...”
They’vefoundherandshelooksfine.Chrismustnowwaittoseeifthemothercheetahwilllethimbackintohertrustsothathecanphotographher.Onlyshecandecideifandwhen.
Chris’sopportunityforshootingakillsequencepresentsitselflaterinthemorning.Suddenly,themothersitsup,watchingandlisteningcarefully.She’sseensomething:
tworeedbucks.
“Twelveo’clock.Tworeedbucks,twelveo’clock.”
Withhercubshiddensafelyaway,thebravehuntermovestowardhertarget.
“Thereshegoes!
Thereshegoes!
“Hangon!
Themenmustdriveasquicklyaspossibleinordertogettheshot.
“Shejustmoved.Didyouseeher
Hangon.Shenailedit.Got’em!
Goodjob,girl.Welldone!
She’sagoodhunter.She’sarealgoodhunter.”
Intypicalcheetahstyle,themotherchokesherprey.Then,shetakestimetorecoverfromhersprint.
“It’savulnerabletimebecauseifahyenaoranotherpredatormovedinonher,shecouldbeambushed.Sheisgoingtobeverycautious.”
Satisfiedforthemomentthatnootherpredatorsareinthearea,thefemalecallshercubstojoinherfortheirmeal.
“It’slunchtime...”
ThemotherandcubsarefinallytrustingChrismorethanheeverexpected.
“It’samazingthatthecheetahsarelettingmethisclose.ThesearethepicturesI’vebeenwaitingforfortenyears.”
“Youonlyseethingslikethisifyou’reextremelylucky,butalsopatient.Howmanyhourshavewespentwiththesecheetahsnowtoactuallygetthisfar
Youknow,youjusthavetoputinthetimetogettheresults.”
Finally,alloftheirpatiencehasbroughttheexpeditiontheresultstheyhadbeenwaitingtoachieve,butthere’sstillonemoresurpriseforthem...
Eachday,motherandcubsopenupmoretothehumans,andallowthemtogetcloser.Thenfinally,somethingtrulywonderfulhappens.
“Thatwasafantasticexperience,formeoneofthehighlightsofmylife.ButIthinkwiththatexperiencegoesalotofresponsibilityonmypart.”
Chrisnowfeelsthathehasaspecialresponsibility.Hewantstocommunicatetheendangeredstatusofthesebeautifulanimalstotheworld—boththroughhisphotographsandtheNationalGeographicarticle.
“She’sjustgivenmeatremendousprivilege,oneofthefinestprivilegesofmylife.Sowiththatprivilegegoesagreatdealofresponsibility,Ithink,onmypart.”
Hopefully,Chriscanfulfillthisresponsibilitybybringingtheendangermentoftheseanimalsintoworldwidefocus.MaybehisactionswillhelpsavethecheetahsoftheOkavango,andtheworld.
HOMELISTENING
audioSCRIPT
UnderstandingExtinction
Aspeciesisconsideredextinctwhencarefulscientificsurveysshowthatthelastindividualofthatspecieshasdied.Thelossofmanyspeciesofplantsandanimalshasbeenattributedtochangesinclimate,geneticweaknesses,andhumanactivitiessuchashuntingandenvironmentaldestruction.Studieshaveshownthatalmostalllivingthingswilleventuallybecomeextinct.Infact,morethan99percentofthespeciesthathaveeverlivedonEarthhavenowdisappearedpermanently.Althoughthissoundslikeaterriblesituation,itisimportanttounderstandthattheearthseemstorecoverfromthelossofgreatnumbersofspecies.Inmanycases,replacementspeciesemergeovertime;
however,extinctiondoesdecreasethediversityoflifeontheplanetintheshortterm.Thesereplacementspeciesoftenrequirerecoveryperiodsofmillionsofyears.
Humanbeingshavehadahugeimpactontheextinctionratesofvariousspecies.Therefore,scientistshaverecentlybeguntoexaminehumankind’seffectsonthenumbersofspeciesthathavebecomeextinct.Throughtheuseofgeographicalandbiologicalresearch,a“backgroundextinctionrate”hasbeenestablished.Thesefiguresshowthenumbersofspecieswhichhavedisappearedduringspecifictimeperiods.Bycomparingratesofextinctionbeforeandafterhumanexistence,researcherswereabletodiscovertheexacteffectsofhumankindonnature.Studiesnowcitethattheextinctionratesafterhumanlifebeganare100to1,000timesgreaterthanbeforehumaninfluenceonEarth.Futureratesareforecastedtobeevenhigher.Thisdemonstratesthetremendousnegativeimpactthathumanactivityishavingonextinctionrates.
Scientistsarecurrentlyresearchingmethodsofdealingwiththisastonishingtrend.Asindividuals,educators,andgovernmentstrytomanagespeciessurvival,onekeyfactortheyfindisthatwithouthelp,someoftheworld’sspeciescannotsurvive.Inaddition,scientistsmustlearntomakedifficultdecisionsbasedonincompleteinformation.Theymustalsodealwithgroupsthatmayhaveavestedinterestinnotprotectingcertainspecies.Forexample,peopleinterestedindevelopingoilfieldsintheArcticmaynotthinktheprotectionofthewildlifeintheregionisofprimaryimportance.
Unit2
NeartheedgeoftheArcticregionofCanada,theshortsummerisbeingchasedawaybyaconstantcoldwindfromthenorth.AlongthewesternshoreoftheHudsonBay,winterisbeginningtocloseitsgrip.Oneanimal,withitsthickfurandlayerofheavyblubber,actuallythrivesinthesefreezing,lonelysurroundings:
thepolarbear.
CamElliot,ManitobaConservation:
“Polarbearsarebuiltforwinter.They’rebuiltforthecold.They’rebuiltforthewind.”
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