浅析《小妇人》中的女性主义Word格式文档下载.docx
- 文档编号:18685803
- 上传时间:2022-12-31
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:8
- 大小:26.61KB
浅析《小妇人》中的女性主义Word格式文档下载.docx
《浅析《小妇人》中的女性主义Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《浅析《小妇人》中的女性主义Word格式文档下载.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
路易莎·
梅·
奥尔科特的《小妇人》是在19世纪的美国所创作出的众多歌颂女权主义的文学作品之一。
随着时间的推进,女性解放运动在世界上的众多国家与地区都取得巨大的发展,女性的社会地位也有极大的进步。
而《小妇人》一书在其中起着重要作用。
本文将结合《小妇人》的创作环境及背景,深入剖析这本小说所蕴含的女权主义思想。
在众多同类书籍中,路易莎的《小妇人》可以说是其中典范。
小说中诠释了女性的美丽品质和独特精神,书中角色都有强烈的情感,她们追求自由与平等,严格自律。
《小妇人》是在美国内战期间创作的,当时的女性对男性的生活方式和价值观有着浓厚的兴趣,而那时社会认可传统的女士形象无法进入主流社会,要想改变自己的社会地位,只能通过社会唯一认可的方式---婚姻。
女性必须遵循父权制社会为其设定的价值观和道德规范,这时的妇女没有任何社会权利,也没有受到社会的尊重。
关键词:
《小妇人》;
女性主义;
19世纪
ABriefAnalysisofFeminism
inLittleWomen
Abstract
LittleWomenbyLouisaMayAlcottisoneofmanyfeministliteraryworkscreatedinthe19thcenturyintheUnitedStates.Countriesandregionshaveachievedgreatdevelopmentandwomen’ssocialstatusandspiritualaspirationshavealsomaderemarkableprogress.AndLittleWomenplaysanimportantroleinit.ThisarticlewillcombinethecreativeenvironmentandbackgroundofLittleWomentodeeplyanalyzethefeministideascontainedinthisnovel.CountingnumerousAmericanfeministbooks,Louisa’snovelLittleWomencanbesaidtobeamodeloffeminism.Inherwork,Louisainterpretsthebeautifulqualitiesanduniquespiritofwomeninhercharactersandhernovels.Thecharactersinitallhaveaverystrongenthusiasm.Theypursuefreedom,advocateequality,andarestrictwithself-discipline.LittleWomenwascreatedduringtheAmericanCivilWar.Atthattime,Americansocietyrecognizedthattraditionalwomenwereattachedtomen’slifestyleandvalues.Societyrecognizedtraditionalladyimages.Womencouldnotenterthemainstreamsociety.Theycanonlychangetheirsocialstatusthroughmarriage,theonlywayrecognizedbysociety.Womenmustfollowthevaluesandmoralstandardssetbypatriarchalsociety.Atthattime,womendidnothaveanysocialrightsandwerenotrespectedbysociety.
Keywords:
LittleWomen;
feminism;
19thcentury
1.Introduction
LittleWomenwaswrittenbyAmericanwriterLouisaMayAlcottin1868andisconsideredoneofthefeministmasterpiecesforitsstrongfeministappeal.ThenovelismainlybasedontheemotionsandlivesofthefourdaughtersoftheMarchfamily,Josephine,Meg,BethandAmy.ThenoveldescribestheupsanddownsofthelivesoffoursistersofanordinaryfamilyinNewEngland.Thenovelhasadeepermeaninginthedescriptionofordinarylifeandexpressesaprofoundthemethroughsimplenarration.Atpresent,theacademiccircle’scommentsonthisnovelmainlyfocusonthecharacterofthefourprotagonistsandtheanalysisoftheplotofthenovel.Infact,thefeministconnotationinvolvedinthetextisworthyofattention.FeminismrunsthroughthewholeplotofLittleWomen,whichmakesthisnoveluniquetoattractreaders.Inthenovel,theauthorputsforwardsomethoughtsandideas,whichreflecttheimportanceofwomen’sdignityandindividualfreedomandequality.
DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,women’sactiveparticipationinvarioussocialmovementsslowlyraisedtheirstatusinsocietyandchallengedthetraditionalconceptoffamily.Nolongerweremenworkingoutsideinthefamily,andwomenweregivenjobopportunitiesandtheynolongerdependedonthem.Forwomen,theyhavegainedthesamerightstoeducation,votingandotherrightsasmen.ItisthebackgroundofLittleWomen.
2.LiteratureReview
LittleWomenistheproductofsocialthoughttransformation.Ontheonehand,itisinfluencedbythetraditionalmoralstandardsofwomen,thatis,submissivenessandfamily-related,inthelate19thcentury.Ontheotherhand,itisalsoinspiredbytheearlyfeminismmovement.Itsupportswomentohaveaspiritualoutlookofself-reliance,independenceandthepursuitoffreedom.Therefore,womeninthisperiodhavedualattributesandsomewomenhesitate,cower,andreceivegoodenlightenmenttotrytoescapefromthecontradictionwithtradition(王晓丰,2011).However,itisnoteasyforwomentotakeeverystepforward;
itcanbedescribedasdifficult,becausewomen’swordsanddeedsareunderthewatchfuleyeofmen.Wecanalsounderstandthiskindofgazeasakindofsurveillance,whichisarestraintonwomen’sbehavior,incasewomenoverstepthelimitations.Itcanbeimaginedthatwomen’sliteratureproducedunderthisbackgroundwillalwaysbesubjecttovariousrestrictions,anditisdifficultfortheestablishmentofwomen’ssubjectiveconsciousnesstoescapetheinfluenceofpatriarchy.
LouisaMayAlcottcompletedthecreationofLittleWomenin1868.Shewasinthesecondindustrialrevolution(late1960s-1870s).Atthattime,therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thehumandesiretocontrolnatureexpandedunprecedentedly,confusingnaturewiththerealproblemsfacinghumanbeingsthemselves,tryingtoconquernaturethroughtheuseoftechnology,andmeetingtheneedsofhumandevelopmentastheultimategoal(LeeJ,2006:
21).TheCivilWarisaclassicexample.Technologicalrationalityembracesthebeliefthathistorywillalwaysprogress.Whenslaveryinthesouthimpededthedevelopmentofnortherncapitalism,warasacertainsenseofrationality,theuseofscienceandtechnology,andutilitarianism,broughtgreatchangestoAmericansocietyandatthesametime,thosechangesprogressivelyturnedintothedominantforcesrestrictingpeopleespeciallywomen(莫亚文,2013).Atthattime,theUnitedStateswasapatriarchalcountry.Itwascustomarythatmenenjoyhigherstatusthanwomen.WomenhadnosubjectiveconsciousnessandwereseverelyrestrainedanddominatedbytraditionalVictorianideas.
Thefirstwaveofthewomen’sliberationmovementfromtheendofthe18thcenturytothe1920smadefeministideaswidelyspread.Thegoalofthewomen’sliberationmovementatthattimewastostriveforequalrightswithmen,suchastherighttovote,therighttoeducation,propertyrights,andtherighttowork.Thecontradictionbetweenwomen’spursuitoffreedomandpatriarchyhasintensified,andfeministideashaveemergedatthehistoricmoment,breakingtheelectoralsystemexclusivelyformen,andwomen’srighttovotehasgreatlyimprovedwomen’ssocialstatus.Feministsaretryingtomodifythemindsetofpeopleandlaunchanunprecedentedimpactontraditionalgenderroleconcepts.WomeninLittleWomenchangedthetraditionalfemaleimage,germinatedthefemalesubjectiveconsciousness,andstrovefortheirownvalue(LeeJ,2006:
21).Theywerenolongeraffiliatedwithmenandbecamerepresentativesofnewwomen.
3.WritingBackgroundandContentIntroduction
3.1WritingBackground
BorninPhiladelphia,USA,LouisaspentherlifeinConcord,NewEngland.ConcordisthecitywhichEmersonandthegreatphilosopherThoreaulived.Therefore,whenshewaswritingLittleWomen,Louisaalwayscastthoseheroicmen’sthoughtsintothelinesofthenovelwithoutleavingatrace.Atthesametime,sheintegratedConcord’sbeautifulnaturalsceneryandharmoniouslifeintohermind.Inaddition,theauthorwasinfluencedandnurturedbyherself-taughtfatherasachildanddevelopedastronginterestinwriting.Inthenovel,Louisaalsorevealedthatherparentshadadvancedanduniqueeducationforthefouroftheirsisters,thatis,advocatingnature,payingattentiontotheinnereducationoftheirsisters,andlearningthebookknowledgeonthebasisofmaintainingtruth,goodnessandbeauty.AndthesewonderfulmemoriesoflivinginConcord,LouisausedthecreationofLittleWomentopresentthemonebyonetothereaders,anddrewapictureofthepeacefullifeinthebeautifulnaturallandscape.
LuisaMayAlcottcreatedLittleWomenduringtheperiodofpatriarchalruleinAmericanSociety.
Atthattime,thesocietyrespectedthetraditionalmoralstandardof"
realwoman"
andthecoreofitscreedwastobanwomen’snaturalinstinctsfromfamilylife,toplaytheroleofgoodwivesandgoodmotherstipulatedbysocietyforwomen,andtohinderwomen’spersonalityliberationwiththisinvisibleshackle
(王欣欣,2014).Thesociety’soppressionofwomenmadeherawareoftheconstraintssocietyimposedonwomen.Shedeterminestofollowtheindependentpathandarrangeherdestinyaccordingtoheridealpattern.
Sheworkshardtocreateliteraturesothatshecanimproveher
family
economic
conditions.Shewrites,‘Iwillgettomakeabattering-ramofmyheadandmakemywaythroughthisroughandtumbleworld.’
DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,women’sactiveparticipationinvarioussocialmovementsslowlyraisedtheirstatusinsocietyandchallengedthetraditionalconceptoffamily.Notonlyweremenworkingoutsideinthefamily,butalsowomenweregivenjobopportunitiesandnolongerdependedontheirhusbands.Forwomen,theyhavethesamerightsasmentoeducation,voting,etc.LittleWomenwascreatedinthiscontext.
3.2ContentIntroduction
ThestoryofLittleWomentakesplaceduringtheAmericanCivilWarandittellsthelifeofanordinaryfamilyinNewEngland.Themainthreadofthenovelistheemotionalconflictbetweenfamilymembers.ThefourdaughtersoftheMarchfamilystruggleforloveandlife,andeachperson’spersonalityadifferentendinginlife.Megisextravagantandvanitywhensheisyoung.Butinordertopursuetheloveinherheart,shemarriesapoorboyandlivesapoorbuthappylifeaftermature.Thehousewifelaterbecomesawriterafterhardwork;
Bethshowsmorephilosophiesaboutlifeanddeathandexistence.Bethistoughandbrave,doesnotfearofdeath,andcanfacelifecalmly.Amyiswillingtohelptheweakandsetupacharity.Sheandherhusbandrespecteachotheraftermarriage.Inthenovel,thefoursistershavedifferentpursuitsinlife.Theylovetheirfamilies,valuethefamilyandlove,butintheprocessofchasingtheirideals,theyshowanindependentandstrongside,self-disciplineandself-relia
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 小妇人 浅析 中的 女性主义