河南省鹤壁市高级中学高三英语上学期第二次段考试题Word文档下载推荐.docx

河南省鹤壁市高级中学高三英语上学期第二次段考试题Word文档下载推荐.docx

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2013. 

21:

28-baby 

deaths 

rate 

Since 

the 

one-child 

policy 

was 

introduced, 

baby 

girls 

have 

become 

more 

likely 

die 

than 

boys. 

Inthe1970s,accordingtotheUnitedNations,60malesper1,000livebirthsdiedundertheageofone.Forgirlsthefigurewas53.Inthe1980s,aftertheone-childpolicybecameofficial,therateforbothwas36.Bythe1990s,26malesper1,000livebirthsdiedbeforetheageofone-and33girls.The2000ssaw21boysper1,000livebirthsdyingand28girls.

1.16 

boys 

born 

for 

every 

girl 

SexuallyselectiveabortionshavebeenconsideredasamajorcauseofChina'

sunusualimbalance.

Gietel-Basten,associateprofessorinsocialpolicyatOxfordUniversity,saysthebirthsofmanygirlsarenotregisteredifparentshavebrokentherulebyhavingtwochildren,addingofficialsoftenturnablindeye.It'

sestimatedtherearenow33millionmorementhanwomeninChina.

4:

2:

1 

families 

WiththeageingofChina'

spopulationandthecontinuationoftheone-childpolicy,a“4:

2:

1”homeisthedescriptiongiventohouseholdsinwhichtherearefourgrandparent,caredforbytwoworkingageparents,whothemselveshaveonechild.

By2050,it’spredictedthataquarterofChina'

spopulationwillbe65orolder.Thepredicteddeclineinthenumberofpeopleofworkingageisthoughttohavepersuadedthegovernmenttodroptheone-childpolicy.

1. 

When 

both 

and 

equal?

A. 

In 

1970s. 

B. 

1980s. 

C. 

1990s. 

D. 

2000s 

2. 

What 

makes 

t

he 

abolished 

according 

passage?

The 

decline 

of 

birth 

rate. 

B. 

rise 

rate.

change 

family 

structure. 

D. 

working 

age 

people. 

3. 

passage 

sums 

up 

one 

child 

________________. 

number 

example 

contrast 

analysis 

B

DonaldWatsonwasamanwhothoughtverymuchaboutthefoodheate.HewasborninYorkshire，England,inSeptember1910.AndhediedinNovember2005,attheageof95.Thatisaverygreatage.W

atsonexplainedthatitwasbecauseheneverateanyfoodfromanimals.

Whenhewasaboy,Watsonstayedonafarm..Helovedtoseetheanimals.Hesaidthattheygavesomuchtopeople.Andalltheanimalsweresofriendly.Then,oneday,hesawamankillingapig.Hewasverysad..Fromthenon,Watsondecidedthathewouldneveragaineatmeat.Twentyyearslaterhedecidedthathewouldn’teatanythingfromanimals,suchasmilk,cheeseoreggs.Hebecameavegan.

Watsonformedagroupcalled“TheVeganSociety”.Initsnewspaper

TheVeganSocietythoughtitwasterribleandwrongtoeatfoodfromanimals.Atfirst,therewerenotmanypeoplewhoagreedwithhim.Theythoughtitwascrazytodoit.Mostpeoplethoughtitwastoodifficultandunhealthy.However,overtime,moreandmorepeoplebegantoagreewithWatsonandTheVeganSociety.

Peoplebecomevegansformanyreasons.Watsonandhisfriendstoppedeatingbecausetheylovedanimals.Theybelievedthatitwaswrongtohurtanotherlivingthing.

Now,peoplealsobecomevegansforenvironmentalreasons.Keepinganimalstakesalotofresources，includingwaterandfood.Also,insomeplaces,peoplearecuttingdowntreestocreatemorelandforcows.Byavoidingfoodfromanimals,veganshopetoprotecttheseforestareas.

Finally,justlikeWatson,somepeoplebelievethatbeingaveganishealthier.Theybelievethatfoodfromanimalscausesheartproblems,ahighbodyweightandmanyotherhealthproblems.

4.Atfirst,Watsonrefusedtoeatmeat____________.

A.becauseofhisloveforanimals

B.becausehehasalotofhealthproblems.

C.becauseofenvironmentalreasons

D.becausekeepinganimalsneededlotsofresources

5.Theunderlinedword“vegan”inparagraph2referstoaperson_________.

A.likeskeepinganimals

B.protectanimals

C.doesn’tkillanyanimals

D.doesn’teatanyproductfromanimals

6.Atfirst,mostpeoplethinkeatingfoodfromanimalsis_______.

A.hardB.reasonableC.ridiculousD.unhealthy

7.Thebesttitleforthetextis:

___________.

A.DonaldWatson:

anewwaytoeat

B.AnimalprotectioninEngland

C.TheVeganSociety：

aspecialgroup

D.Healthyeatinghabits

C

Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculturethesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohas

otheruses.Awoman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusionacrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiasmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces（althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities）.SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;

someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsianculture,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.

Ourfacesshowemotions,butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonot

expresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressions

permitted.Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshow

theiremotionssimilarly.

Itis

difficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.

8.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?

A.Love.B.Politeness.

C.Joy.D.Thankfulness

9.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan___.

A.showfriendlinesstostrangers.

B.beusedtohidetruefeelings.

C.beusedinthewrongplaces.

D.showpersonalhabits.

10.Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“r

ead”people?

A.Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.

B.Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.

C.Findoutabouttheirpastexperience.

D.Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitle?

A.CulturalDifferencesB.SmilesandRelationship

C.FacialExpressiveness

D.HabitsandEmotions

D

Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:

Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustire.Itsoundsabsurd.Butayearsago,scientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue（疲劳）.Totheamazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,whenitisactive,showsnofatigueatall!

Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborer,wewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins（毒素）andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinstein,itwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.

Sofarasthebrainisconcerned,itcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?

Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotional（情绪的）attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientists,J.A.Hadfield,says,“Thegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.Infact,fatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrare.”Dr.Brill,afamousAmericanscientist,goesevenfurther.Hedeclares,“Onehundredpercentofthefatigueofsittingworkerin

goodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.”

Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?

Joy?

Satisfaction?

No!

Afeelingofbeingbored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,afeelingofnotbeingappreciated---thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.Hardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatigue.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.

12.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?

A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblood.

B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornafteraday’swork.

C.Thebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatigue.

D.Amentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.

13.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?

A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.

C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor

14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’idea?

A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.

C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.

15.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergetic,sittingwork