安徽省皖中名校联盟届高三联考英语精校Word版文档格式.docx
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安徽省皖中名校联盟届高三联考英语精校Word版文档格式.docx
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每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TerrificNewTechnologies
Afashionablesmartspeaker
ThenewAmazonEchosmartspeakerhasthesamepopularfeatureastheoriginal---analwayslisteningvoiceassistantreadytoplaymusicandnews,settimers,andusethird-partyapps.Onlynowit’sactuallystylish.The$120speakercomesindifferentfinishes,includingfabricandwood.
Ahelpinghandforparents
SuzySnoozehelpsbabiesandkidssleepsoparentscancatchupontheirownsleep.It’sasoundmachineandanightlight.ItconnectswithanappoverWi-Fiandturnsintoanaudiomonitor.Ifakidcriesatmidnight,it’lldetectthesoundandtrytocalmhimbacktosleep.Itcanalsoletearlyrisersknowwhenit’sOKtogetoutofbed.MadebyBleepBleeps,the$249“smartnightlight”hasanadorablelittleface.
Safetyfordingdongs
Doorbellsusedtojustring,ding,dong.Butthankstomoderntechnology,doorbellscannowdoubleasInternet-connectedsurveillance(监视)devices.Ring’s$249VideoDoorbellProcanrecordHDvideoofyourfrontsteps,evenatnight.Itincludesmotionsensorsandtwo-wayaudio,soyoucanyell“getoffmylawn”fromanywhere.Youcanalsousetheapptoseewhat’sgoingoninfrontofyourhousewhileyou’reatworkorinthebackyard.
Themust-havekitchengadget
TheInstantPotmakesfoodfastinonepot.Thesurprisekitchenhitisacombinationofpressurecooker,ricecooker,slowcookerandevenyogurtmaker.Ithassensorsandsettingstomakecookingassafeaspossible.Startingat$80,anInstantPotcanmakedishesinlesstimethanittypicallytakestocookthem.
21.WhatcanSuzySnoozedoforparents?
A.Providesunlight.B.Playwithbabies
C.Comfortcryingbabies.D.Remindparentstowakeupkids.
22.WhatistheadvantageoftheVideoDoorbellProcomparedwithtraditionaldoorbells?
A.ItcanplayHDvideos.B.Itcanmakeasoundofding-dong.
C.Itcancommunicatewiththeusers.D.Itcantakeontheworkofamonitor.
23.WhoaremostprobablyinterestedintheInstantPot?
A.Thosewholovefastfood.B.Thosewhoenjoycooking.
C.Thosewhoarebusyworking.D.Thosewholikegoingcamping.
B
BikesharinghavebecomepopularwordsincitiesfromCapeTowntoShanghaitoMelbourne.Planners,politiciansandmediakeepshowingofftheirbenefits:
reducingpollution,congestion,travelcostsandoildependence,whileimprovingpublichealth.Bikesharingalsohelpsmakecitiesappearmodern,dynamicandworld-wide-----qualitiesmuchsoughtafterbythecreativeclass.
Butwhatmakesforasuccessfulpublicbike-sharingprogram?
Thisisanimportantquestionbecauseinstallingonerequiressignificantpublicandprivateinvestmentandadjustmenttothebuiltenvironment.
Whilemanyprogramshavebeenlaunchedamongmuchpraise,oftentheirpopularityhassoondeclined.Manyendupoperatingatafinanciallossanddependonotherprofitableenterprisestocross-subsidize(交叉补贴)them.Somehaveresultedinthrown-awaybikesbecominganeyesore.
Understandingwhichfactorsenhanceorstoppublicbikesharingiscriticalinhelpingcitiesdecidewhethersuchaprogramisworkable,beforeconsideringwhatdesignandsittingwillworkbest.
Drawingoncurrentknowledge,wediscusstheimportanceofthelocallandscape,climate,cyclinginfrastructure(基础设施)andlanduse.Wealsotouchonotherfactors,suchasthelegalenvironmentandthecharacteristicsofthebike-sharingprogramitself.
Takenaturalenvironmentforexample.Twonaturalenvironmentfactorsareknowntoaffectparticipation:
hillinessandweather.Hillinessdiscouragesbalancedbike-sharinguse,asusersavoidreturningbicyclestostationsonhilltops.Thosestationsendupbeingempty,whilestationsonflatareasareoftenfull,souserscannotfindastationtoreturntheirbikes.
Asforweather,idealtemperaturerangesvarybytheclimatezone.Casestudiesshowwarmanddryweatherencouragespublicbike-sharinguse.Rainandstrongwindreducethefrequencyoftrips.However,someapproaches,suchasprovidingsheltered,shaded,orevenheatedorcooledcyclinginfrastructure,couldproveuseful.
24.WhatcanweinferaboutbikesharingfromParagraph1?
A.Ithasnodisadvantage.
B.Itiswelcomedworldwide.
C.Itcansolveeveryproblem.
D.Itisthesymbolofmoderncities.
25.Whatisthecurrentsituationofbike-sharingprograms?
A.Manyofthemrunataloss.
B.Mostofthemmakehugeprofits.
C.Theyarethemostpromisingbusiness.
D.Theirdevelopmentisdeterminedbypublicinvestment.
26.Whydoestheauthormentionthenaturalenvironment?
A.Toshowuser’sinterestinvariousnaturalenvironment.
B.Toshowthedecisivefunctionofnaturalenvironment.
C.Toshowthenecessityofbike-sharingprograms.
D.Toshowthesignificanceofsomefactors.
27.Whichofthefollowingmightincreasebike-sharinguse?
A.Hilliness.
B.Attractivebikes.
C.Rainandstrongwind
D.Perfectcyclinginfrastructure.
C
Waterispreciousespeciallyindryareas.Anewdevicecanproducedrinkablewaterfromdesertairusingnothingbutsunlight.
“Withthisdevice,youcanharvestaCokecan’sworthofwaterinanhour,”saysco-creatorOmarYaghi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia.“That’sabouthowmuchwaterapersonneedstosurviveinthedesert.”
Thecurrentdeviceisjustasample.Butthetechnologycouldbeusedtosupplyfreshwatertosomeremoteregionsoftheglobe,liketheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,Yaghisays.
“Previousattemptsatlow-energywatercollectionfunctionedbelow50percentrelativehumidity,whilethenewdevicepulledwaterfromairwithaslowas20percenthumidity,”Yaghisaid.
Gettingthatwateroutiseasywhentheairiswet.Butdrawingwaterfromthedrierairinparchedareasisagreaterchallenge.Spongy(柔软吸水的)materialscantakewateroutfromthedryair.Thosematerials,however,eithercollectwatertooslowlyorrequirelotsofenergytogatherthewater.
Thenewdeviceusesamaterialthatavoidsbothproblems.MITmechanicalengineerEvelynWang,andhercolleaguesremadeanexistingmaterialcomposedofelectricallychargedmetalatoms.Thismetal-organicframeworkMOF-801,createsanetworkofspongelikepores(气孔)totrapwatervapor.Atroomtemperature,watervaporiscollectedinthepores.Astemperaturesrise,thewaterescapesintoaboxbeneaththepores.Acondenser(冷凝器)intheboxcoolsthevapor,convertingitintoadrinkableliquid.Thisentireprocesstakesaroundtwohours.
Laboratorytestsofthedeviceharvested2.8litersofwaterperday.Thedevicecouldbeusedasapersonalwatersourceindryregions,Yaghisays,orscaledup(按比例增加)toproduceenoughwaterforawholecommunity.
28.HowdoesMOF-801work?
A.Bytakingwateroutinwetareas.
B.Bycollectingandcoolingwatervapor.
C.Byusingspongymaterialstostorewater.
D.Bycreatingmetalporesandusingacondenser.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“parched”inParagraph5mean?
A.Dry.B.Cool.C.Deserted.D.Exposed.
30.WhichofthefollowingisanadvantageofMOF-801?
A.Thesmallsize.B.Thelowprice.
C.Makingwaterfresher.D.Savingtimeandenergy.
31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.EvelynWangcreatedMOF-801onherown.
B.PeoplearecuriousaboutthecreationofMOF-801.
C.MOF-801isn’tavailableforcustomersnow.
D.TheproblemofwatershortagewillbesolvedbyMOF-801.
D
Scientistshavefoundlivingorganisms(有机体)thatcouldbe50,000yearsold.Theorganismswerefoundina
hot,butbeautifulcavesysteminNaica,Mexico.Theseancientlifeformscanbeseenonlywithamicroscope.
Theancientmicrobes(微生物)wereabletoexistbyeatingmineralssuchasironandmanganese,saidPenelopeBoston,headofNASA’sAstrobiologyInstitute.Ifthefindingsareconfirmed,theywillshowhowmicrobescansurviveinextremeconditions.
Researchershavebeenstudyingthemicrobesfornineyears.Fortydifferentkindsofmicrobesandsomeviruseswerefoundintheundergroundarea.Thegeneticstructuresoftheseorganismsaredifferentfromthoseoftheirnearestrelatives.Thatmeanstheirclosestrelativeisaboutasgeneticallydifferentashumansarefrommushroomsgrowingintheforest.ThecavesinNaicaare800kilometersdeep.Beforetheminersbeganworkinginthecaves,theareawasisolatedfromthesurfaceandtheoutsideworld.
SomeofthecavesareasbigasthelargereligiouscentersbuiltduringEurope’sMiddleAges.Therearecrystals(结晶体)coveringthewalls.Scientistsmustwearspecialclothingtokeepcool.Theclothingkeepsthecrystalssafefromhumangermsorotherdamage.Theresearcherscouldonlyworkforabout20minutesatatimebeforetheyhadtogotoaroomthatwas38degreesCelsiustocooldown.
NASAofficialswouldnotletBostonshareherfindingswithscientificexpertsbeforelastweek’sannouncement.Soscientistscouldnotsaymuchaboutthefindings.ButNorineNoonan,abiologistwiththeUniversityofSouthFlorida,saidshebelievedthem.“Whyarewesurprised?
”Noonansaid.“Asabiologist,IwouldsaylifeonEarthisextremelytoughandextremelyadaptable.”ThemicrobesarenottheoldestlifeformsonEarth.Severalyearsago,scientistspublishedstudiesaboutmicrobesthatmaybe500,000yearsoldandstillalive.
32.Whatdotheancientmicrobessurviveon?
A.Minerals.B.Germs.C.Viruses.D.Crystals.
33.WhyaremushroomsmentionedinParagraph3?
A.Toshowthecavesareextremelyhot.
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