北语20秋《阅读IV》作业3标准答案Word文件下载.docx

北语20秋《阅读IV》作业3标准答案Word文件下载.docx

《北语20秋《阅读IV》作业3标准答案Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《北语20秋《阅读IV》作业3标准答案Word文件下载.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

D:

havealreadybeenstarted

Õ

ý

È

·

´

ð

°

¸

:

C

）2:

____wasnotthewaytheeventhappened.

Whichthepressreported

Thatthepressreported

Whatdidthepressreport

Whatthepressreported

D

）3:

Thestorywassaidtohavebeenbasedontheinformationfromareliable____.

source

foundation

origin

basis

A

）4:

AlsoservingtoproduceadistinctiveusagewasthepracticeofdistinguishingasonfromafatherbytheuseofJunior.ThistypicallyAmericanpracticebeganinthemiddleoftheeighteenthcenturywhenmostgentlemenhadsomeknowledgeofLatinandwerefamiliarwiththeuseofthetermJunior,translatedoftenintoEnglishas"

theyounger,"

asappliedtosuchLatinworthiesasCatoandPliny.Thepracticewassowellestablishedby1776thatthreesignersoftheDeclarationaddedtheJr.Agai.Britishcustomhasbeendifferent;

thesecondofapairofgreatstatesmenisknownasWilliamPitt,theyounger.

Stillanotherimportantmovementbeginningaround1750wastheriseofthenameCharles.Earlier,CharlesishardlyfoundatallinNewEngland,andisrareintheothercolonies.Afterthatitsgrowthwasnotonlysteadybutevenspectacular.By1850ithadbecomeoneofthecommonestnames,andithasremainedclosetothetopsincethattime.Itscuriousnickname,Chuck,istypicallyAmerican.

AlmostatanequalpacewiththeriseofCharles,theuseofBiblicalnames,eveninNewEngland,begantofalloff.Ebenezer,andevenSamuelandBenjamin,cametohaveaboutthemanold-fashionedaura.

Thefactsareclearenough;

thecausesremainobscure.Immigrationprobablyhadlittletodowithsuchchanges.Englishinfluence,attheideallevel,mayhavehelpedthegrowthofCharles.Duringthesesamedecadesthenamewasincreasinginpopularitythere,whereSirCharlesGrandisonwasamuchreadnovelandBoniePrinceCharliehadgiventhenamearenewedvogueamongthosewhostillheldsentimentallytotheStuarts.ButmostoftheothernewdevelopmentsseemtobewhollynativeandeventoruncountertoBritishpractice.

Question:

TheuseofnameofCharles________.

waspopularbeforethemiddleoftheeighteenthcentury

begantobenoticeableinNewEnglandintheearlyeighteenthcentury

wasspectacularlypopularbythemiddleofthenineteenthcentury

islesspopularnowthanbefore

）5:

Smithistostudymedicineassoonashe____militaryservice.

willfinish

hasfinished

finishes

wouldfinish

）6:

Itisnoteasy____theanswertothedifficultmathproblem.

tofigureout

figuringout

figureout

beingfiguredout

）7:

Hiscarelessness____herfailureintheexams.

resultedfrom

resulted

resultedin

resultedto

）8:

Youmighthave____theaccidentifyouhadhadyourheadlightson.

missed

avoided

escaped

dismissed

B

）9:

You____abletospeakEnglishsowellifyouhadn'

tbeenpractisinghard.

arenot

cannotbe

wouldn'

tbe

wouldhavebeen

）10:

Ifthesun____inthewest,Iwouldfollowyou.

weretorise

wastorise

hadrisen

wouldrise

）11:

Tocreateasupercell,takeastormwherewindspeedincreaseswithheight,whilewinddirectionveers;

asituationinwhichupdraughtsanddowndraughtswithinthethunderstormcansupporteachother'

sexistenceratherthancanceleachotherout.Itisaswindsblowintothisturbulentregionfromthreetofivekilometersupthatalow-pressuresectionofthestormmaybegintorotate.

Therotationofthispartofthestorm（knownasamesocyclone）causestheairpressuretofallsomemore,promptingwindlowerdowntoflowintothestormandspeedupupwards.Thiscreatesaspinningupdraughtwhichhigh-levelwindsinthestormcanboostinthesamewaythatwindblowingacrossthetopofachimneydoeswondersfordrawingupanopenfire.

You'

renotyetlookingatatornado,thoughifyou'

rewatchingthisparticularstormdevelopyoumightstartlookingforagetawaycar¡

ª

especiallyifthestormbeginstochangeshape.Whenmid-toupper-levelwindsupwindofthestormencounterthesupercell,someareforcedtodetourroundit.Theyconvergeagaindownwind,mouldingthestormcloudsintoanominousanvil-shapeintheprocess.Butwhilesomewindgoesroundthemesocyclone,somerunsfullsquareintothismeteorologicalbrickwallandisforceddownward,creatinga"

rearflankdowndraught"

（RFD）whichmanyexpertsbelieveiswhatmakesorbreaksatornadicstorm.

It'

swhenanRFDtriestoswingaroundthebaseofthestorm,narrowingtheareaofwindflowingintotheupdraughtandincreasingitsspin（inthesamewayfigureskaterswhentheirarmsarepulledin）thatyoumightwanttogetintoyourgetawaycar.Ifyou'

reanywherebeneathwhirlingpieceofmeteorologicalgiveandtake¡

afunnelcloud¡

youareinabad,dangerousplaceknowntostormchasersas"

thebearcage"

.It'

swhere,ifthefunnelcloudsticksaroundlongenoughfortheupdraughttotouchdownonterrafirma,youwillfindyourselfontheinsideofatornado.

Whenthestormrotates,________.

airpressurewillgoonincreasing

itstartsfromthelow-pressuresection

windwilljointhestorminsettinganopenfire

anupdraughtwillbereplacedbyadowndraught

）12:

Americansarepoundoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?

Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian£

¨

Ù

Ð

µ

Ä

£

©

clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsuniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity£

É

í

Ý

thantostepoutofuniform?

Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible£

¿

¼

õ

Ë

.Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.

Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.

Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.

Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe____.

UniformsandSociety

TheImportanceofWearingaUniform

PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniform

AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms

）13:

Thenoticewaswritteninseverallanguages____foreigntouristsshouldmisunderstandit.

sothat

lest

if

otherwise

）14:

Afterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergy,theAmericanswentalong,NorthandSouth,foraboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaming-habits.BiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEngland,butelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen'

snames,inthemiddleandsoutherncolonies,andtheexcessiveuseofElizabeth,Ann,Mary,andSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberaluseofvariationssuchasBetsy,Sally,Nanny,Nancy,andMolly.

ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluence.Johann,oftenshortenedtoHans,wasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermans,withJocobandHeinrichfollowing.ExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGerman,thesenameswererapidlyAnglicized,andsoincreasedthepopularityofJohn,Jocob,andHenry.TheScotch-IrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJames,andaddingAlexanderandArchibald.

About1740theuseofmiddlenamesbegantogrow.ProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluencehere,fortheygenerally,evenasimmigrants,boretwogivennames,ofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohann.Anotherstronginfluencewasfamilypride,whichledtothedesiretopreservethemother'

sfamilyname.Purelypractical,asthetownsgrewlarger,wastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenames.Oncestarted,thecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminority,ashehassinceremained.TheuseofthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabit.Sincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposes,menbegantousemerelythemiddleinitial,andeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQ.Public.

InEngland,ontheotherhand,suchaformisnotused.AnEnglishmanhastobeJ.Q.Public,J.QincyPublic,orJohnQuicyPublic.

WhichofthefollowingnameswaspreferredbytheScotch-Irishimmigrantsatfirst?

Alexander

Archibald

James

Anglicize

）15:

Butforwater,people____notliveontheearth.