新理念50英语学习大厅综合教程第三册Unit4Word下载.docx
- 文档编号:18584430
- 上传时间:2022-12-28
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:90
- 大小:63.10KB
新理念50英语学习大厅综合教程第三册Unit4Word下载.docx
《新理念50英语学习大厅综合教程第三册Unit4Word下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《新理念50英语学习大厅综合教程第三册Unit4Word下载.docx(90页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
A)T
B)F
Script:
In1905,attheageof26andfiveyearsbeforehewasabletogetajobasaprofessorofphysics,Einsteinpublishedfiveofthemostimportantpapersinthehistoryofscience—allwritteninhis"
sparetime"
.
正确答案:
B
2.
Einsteinprovedthatatomsandmoleculesexisted.
A
3.
Einsteinarguedthatlightcameinlittlebits(latercalled“photons”)andthuslaidthefoundationforquantummechanics.
4.
BeforeEinstein,thelastscientistwhohadsuchacreativeoutburstwasSirIsaacNewton.
5.
TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2008“TheWorldYearofPhysics”tocelebratethe100thanniversaryofEinstein’s“miracleyear”.
6.
Einstein’sbrainlookedquitedifferent.
7.
Einsteinisrememberednotjustasascientificgenius,butalsofromtalesofhiswarmpersonality,simpletastesandsomewhateccentrichabits.
8.
Einsteinwasslowinlearninghowtotalk.
9.
Bytheageof17,Einsteinalreadyhadapredilectionforsolvingcomplicatedproblemsinappliedarithmetic.
10.
Anuncle,JakobEinstein,anengineer,introducedEinsteintothejoysofalgebra.
SectionB
Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsonhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocold(11)_________________,affectmotivationand(12)_________________.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheir(13)_________________,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitive(14)_________________,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,(15)_________________thatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceon(16)_________________andgiftsfromothers.The(17)_________________viewhasgainedmanysupportersespeciallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseof(18)_________________sparkscreativityingradeschoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology."
Ifkidsknowthey'
reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,"
saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.Butit'
seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreating(19)_________________forrewards.Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefailinggrades.Inearlygrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechangingproblemsandreceive(20)_________________towardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortsandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsonhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupportersespeciallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparkscreativityingradeschoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology."
seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefailinggrades.Inearlygrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechangingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortsandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.
cash
creativity
consequences
researchers
maintain
approval
latter
smallmonetaryrewards
toomuchanticipation
performance-basedpoints
PartIIReadingComprehension(25minutes)
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
AlbertEinsteinwas21.Forthethirdnightinarow,hisbabysonHans,crying,keptthehousehold22untildawn.WhenAlbertfinally23,itwastimetogetupandgotowork.Hecouldn'
t24aday.Heneededthejobtosupporthisyoungfamily.Walking25tothePatentOffice,wherehewasa"
TechnicalExpert,ThirdClass,"
Albertworriedabouthismother.Shewasgettingolderand26,andshedidn'
t27hismarriagetoMileva.Relationswere28.Albert29apassingshopwindow.Hishairwasamess;
hehadforgottentocombitagain.Work.Family.30.Albertfeltallthepressureandresponsibilityofanyyounghusbandandfather.
A)exhaustedB)disdainC)awakeD)dozedoff
E)skipF)brisklyG)passionatelyH)frail
I)baffleJ)approveofK)glancedatL)intuition
M)stimulateN)MakingendsmeetO)strained
21.______________________
22.______________________
C
23.______________________
D
24.______________________
E
25.______________________
F
26.______________________
H
27.______________________
J
28.______________________
O
29.______________________
K
30.______________________
N
Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
PassageOne
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninter-living,longenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.
Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthe19thcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsontheissueofnuclearenergy."
Giveitback,"
saysomeofthevoices,"
Itdoesn'
treallywork,we'
vetrieditanditdoesn'
twork.Gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman."
Theprincipaldiscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceofnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,andmattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers;
andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,andambiguities.Someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears;
somearecanceledoutright;
someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.
JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear:
thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.
Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseorthe
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 新理念 50 英语 学习 大厅 综合 教程 第三 Unit4
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)