全国高等教育自学考试Word文件下载.docx

全国高等教育自学考试Word文件下载.docx

《全国高等教育自学考试Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《全国高等教育自学考试Word文件下载.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

2.intensiveB.lastingforonlyaperiodoftime

3.eraseC.continuous,withoutbreak

4.constantD.toruborscrapeout

5.coercionE.topass,floworspreadintoeverypartof

6.vulnerableF.thatisliabletobedamaged

7.permeateG.tospeakorargueinsupportof

8.contemporaryH.tobecomelargerormorebyaddition

9.pleadI.thequalityofkeepingsecret

10.confidentialityJ.growingtoomuchinalimitedpieceofland

Ⅱ.Directions:

Readeachofthefollowingsentencescarefully,andchooseA,B,CorDthathastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordorphrase.WritethecorrespondingletteroftheansweronyourANSWERSHEET.（10points,1pointforeach）

11.Whatbreathtakingimpertinencetoadvertise1pOFFyoursoaporwashingpowderordogfoodorwhatever.

A.transmissionB.rudeness

C.distractionD.politeness

12.Afewyearsago,ourgroupatSaclay,incollaborationwithanumberofotherEuropeanLaboratories,orbitedatelescope.

A.alongwithB.inthelightof

C.inagreementwithD.regardlessof

13.Iftheyfallbehindtoofarontheseobligations,theyruntheriskofhavingtheirhouses,carsorotheritemstakenoverorrepossessedbythelenders.

A.homogeneityB.appropriateness

C.responsibilitiesD.probabilities

14.Asasourceofpower,waterisvirtuallyinexhaustible.

A.inaccessibleB.insufficient

C.abundantD.extinguishable

15.AstridandIkepttalkingandthemancontinuedtoswingandlurchoverus,thankingusprofusely.

A.increasinglyB.confidentially

C.attributablyD.repeatedly

16.Ifthegreenhouseeffectproduceslastingclimaticchange,nationalcolorpreferencescouldradicallyreorientate.

A.changeB.cometoanend

C.renewD.startagain

17.Ifyouareanimated,youaremorelikelytoseeanimatedlisteners.

A.dullandstupidB.activeandlively

C.annoyedD.respected

18.Thesecountriesfearthattheirindustrieswillnotbeabletosurvivesuchdrasticcutsandthattheirnationaleconomieswillsufferasaresult.

A.suddenandsevereB.slowandcontinuous

C.clearandsimpleD.farandwide

19.Morepeoplereportthey“feel”onthevergeofanervousbreakdown.

A.ontopofB.insteadof

C.onthepointofD.onbehalfof

20.Shewastakenabackatthenewsthatherbrotherhadacaraccident.

A.overjoyedB.happy

C.sadD.greatlysurprised

Ⅲ.Directions:

ScanPassage1andfindthewordswhichhaveroughlythemeaningsgivenbelow.WritethewordyouchooseinthecorrespondingspaceonyourANSWERSHEET.（10points,1pointforeach）

Note:

Thenumbersinthebracketsrefertothenumbersofparagraphsinthepassage.

21.exact;

accurate

（1）

22.statementexplainingthemeaningofawordorexpression

（1）

23.general

（1）

24.toprovidemoredetailsaboutsomethinginordertomakeitclearer

（1）

25.tohaveorusesomethingtogetherwithsomeoneelse

（2）

26.beingeverywhereatthesametime

（2）

27.information,usuallyinthefromoffactsorstatisticsthatonecananalyze

（2）

28.tojoinorbringsomethingorpeopletogethersothattheybecomeone（3）

29.toplan,prepare,decideonallthedetailsofsomething（3）

30.tochangesomethingintoadifferentform（3）

Passage1

1.Communicationnetworksarearrangementsofhardwareandsoftwarethatallowuserstoexchangeinformation.Thisverybroaddefinitionwillhelpyoubeginlearningaboutoneofthefastest-growingareasinelectricalengineeringandcomputerscience.Onceweexaminesomecommoncommunicationnetworks,wewilldevelopamoreprecisedefinition.Wewillelaborateontheimportanceofthisfield.

2.Thetelephonenetworkisthemostfamiliarandubiquitouscommunicationnetwork.Itisdesignedforvoicetransmission.Anofficecomputernetworkisacommunicationnetworkusedbyorganizationstoconnectpersonalcomputersandworkstationssotheymayshareprogramsanddataandtolinkthosecomputerstoprintersand,possibly,tosomeotherperipherals（e.g.,fileserversthatprovidemassstorageorplotters）.Computernetworksalsoareusedinmanufacturingplantstoconnectmachinetools,robots,andsensors.TheInternetisanetworkofcomputernetworksthatcoversmostoftheworldandallowsmillionsofuserstoexchangemessagesandcomputerfilesandsomelimitedvideoandaudiosignals.

3.Althoughallthesesystemsarecommunicationnetworks,theyarequitedifferentintheinformationthattheytransmitandinthewaytheyareused.Nevertheless,theyoperateonsimilarprinciples.Theunifyingcharacteristicsofallnetworkshelpusdevelopadefinitionofcommunicationnetworksthatdescribesthearrangementsofhardwareandsoftwarethatwestudyinthistext.Eachsystemdescribedisdesignedtoexchangeinformation,whichmaybevoice,sounds,graphics,pictures,video,text,ordata,amongusers.Mostoftentheusersarehumans,buttheyalsocanbecomputerprogramsordevices.Beforetheinformationistransmitted,itisconvertedintobits（zerosorones）.Thenthebitsaresenttoareceiveraselectricaloropticalsignals（electromagneticwaves,tobemoreprecise）.Finally,theinformationisreconstructedfromthereceivedbits.Thistransmissionmethod,calleddigitaltransmission,reducedthetransmissionerrors.

SECTION2READINGCOMPREHENSION（40points）

IV.Directions:

SkimPassage2andreadthestatementsgivenrightafterthepassageandjudgewhethertheyareTrueorFalse.WritethecorrespondingansweryouchooseonyourANSWERSHEET.（10points,1pointforeach）

Passage2

1.Everybodyfeelspainsometimes:

thepainintheheadthatcomesaftereatingicecreamordrinkingcoldwater;

thesuddenmuscularpain;

the“stitch”thatattackslong-distancerunnersorotherswhoseactivitieshaveputgreatdemandsontheoxygensupplyofthebody.Thesetransientpainsarenotcauseforalarm;

theyusuallydisappearquickly,returnrarelyandsignifyverylittle.

2.Incontrastaretheunusual,chronic,orexceptionallyseverepainsthatrequireattentionfromadoctor,whocandeterminewhetherornottheyrequirespecialcare.Anginapectoris（painofthechest）isaheartpainthatlastsfromtwoorthreeminutestotenorfifteen.Identificationisextremelyimportant,becausespecialdrugsareneededforreliefandthedoctor’sunderstandingandadvicemaypreventrecurrenceofthecondition.

3.Onlyadoctorcanrecognizewhatarecalledreferredpains.Theseoriginateatonepoint,butarefeltatanothertowhichtheyhavebeencarriedbythenerves.Apersonwithcontinuouspainbecomesirritated,tiredeasily,hasdifficultyinsleeping,losesappetite,andmayevenbecomethevictimofwhathasbeencalledananxietystateornervousbreakdown.Fewdiseasesdevelopwithoutpainatsomestate,andmanyinvolvesocharacteristicapainastomakediagnosiscertain.Wheneverapainissosevere,soprolonged,andsounusualastoarousealarm,adoctorshouldbeconsulted.

31.Transientpainsshouldusuallybeinvestigated.

32.Allchronicpainsrequirespecialcare.

33.Anginapectoriswouldprobablybeclassifiedasunusual.

34.Chronicandreferredpainsarealikeinthatbothlastforalongtime.

35.Painscanbeusefulasasignalofthepresenceofdisease.

36.Transientpainsaredifferentfromreferredpains.

37.Painscanserveasanaidinthediagnosisofdisease.

38.Apersonwithcontinuouspainsisusuallygood-tempered.

39.Chronicpainsarefeltsomedistancefromtheirsource.

40.Allchronicpainscanbeidentifiedandtreated.

V.Directions:

ReadPassages3and4andchoosethecorrectanswer.WritethecorrespondingletteroftheansweronyourANSWERSHEET.（20points,1pointforeach）

Passage3

1.Everyyearagreatnumberofbabiesandyoungchildrendieorareinjuredinfires.Oneoutofeveryfivefiresiscausedbycarelesssmokingorbychildrenplayingwithmatchesandlighters.Don’ttemptchildrenbyleavingmatchesorlightersaroundaroom.

2.Neverleaveachildaloneinahouse.Injustafewsecondstheycouldstartafire.Orafirecouldstartandtrapthem.Achildwillpanicinafireandwillnotknowwhattodo.Unlessaparentisaroundtohelp,achildmaytrytohideunderabedorinacloset.Homefiredrillsareasoundidea.Thebestwaytostoppanicincaseoffireistoknowwhattodobeforeafirebreaksout.

3.Yourfirstthoughtinafireshouldalwaysbeescape.Fartoomanypeoplebecomevictimsbecausetheydonotknowthekillingpowerandspeedoffire.Ifafireisverysmallandhasjuststarted,youcanputitoutyourself.Dothisifyouhavethepropertoolsonhand.Inanycasealwayssendthechildrenoutsidefirst.Smoke,notfire,istherealkillerinablaze.Accordingtostudies,asmanyaseightoutoftendeathsinfiresareduetoinhalingfumeslongbeforetheflamesevercameneartheperson.

4.Burnsareanotherhazardtotots.Fireplaces,spaceheaters,floorfurnaces,andradiatorshaveallcausedhorribleburnstobabies.Sinceyoucannotwatchyourchildallthetime,youmustscreenfireplaces.Putguardsaroundheatersandradiators.

5.Somepeopleuseavaporizerorportableheaterinachild’sroom.Ifyoudo,besureyouplaceitoutofreach.Besure,too,thatitisnotplacedtooclosetoblanketsorbedclothes.

6.Usecareinthekitchen.Itisnotsafetoletaninfantcrawlorasmallchildwalkaroundthekitchenwhileyouare