高三英语上学期定语从句教案Word文件下载.docx
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高三英语上学期定语从句教案Word文件下载.docx
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I:
概念:
用一个句子放在一个名词或代词的后面作定语。
SheisthegirlwhomIamlookingfor.
先行词关系代词
Thisisthevillagewhereshegrewup.
先行词关系副词
1.引导定语从句的关系词
指代人who,whom,that
指代事物which,that
所属关系whose,ofwhich,ofwhom
指地点where
指时间when
指原因why
2.关系代词在从句中可以:
指人
指物
主语
宾语
that
which
who
whom
何时可以省略?
关系代词(副词)在定从中的成份:
1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.
2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.
3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.
4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.
5.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.
6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.
7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.
8.Weshallneverthedayswhenwelivedtogether.
II:
如何判断一个句子是定语从句
第一步:
一般定语从句的结构是
“先行词+关系代/副词+从句”。
(牢固树立这一概念后,可减少很多不该出现的错误。
)
第二步:
如何选择关系词
方法一
依据先行词在从句中所做的成分
关系代词(that,which,who,whom等)主要用作主语和宾语;
关系副词(when,where,why)主要用作状语;
作定语时用whose。
方法二:
完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;
而不及物动词则要求用关系副词
ThisisthevillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
Thisisthemountainvillagewhich/thatIvisitedlastyear.
是用关系代词还是关系副词
1.May1istheday____I‘llneverforget.
2.May1istheday____wespenttogether.
3.May1istheday___Ijoinedthearmy.
A.that/whichB.when
误:
Thisisthehousewherewelivedinlastyear.
正:
Thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.
译:
这是我们去年住过的那个房子。
III:
定语从句中的关系副词
when,where,why
1.when在定语从句中作时间状语,相当
于“介词+关系代词(which)”。
I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoined
theleague.
onwhich
2.where在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于“介词+关系代词(which)
ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.
inwhich
3.why在定语从句中作原因状语,
相当于“介词for+关系代词which)”。
Doyouknowthereasonwhyshe
waslate.
forwhich
考点:
介词+关系代词
e.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____________shecouldturnforhelp.
A.thatB.who
C.fromwhomD.towhom
IV:
关系代词前介词的确定
1.根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的习惯搭配,如:
e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’mnotsure.
Thebook_____whichIamlookingisanEnglishbook.
Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.
Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.
Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,______allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.
2.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:
e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?
TheboytowhomIsentane-mailismybestfriend.
3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会:
e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.
Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.
Thisisourclassroom,______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.
4.非限制性定语从句中要表示先行词的一部分时,可用名词/数词/代词+of+which/whom”的结构,如:
e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.
Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_______arewomen.
Thebookcontains50poems,mostof________waswrittenin1930s.
Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_______Idon’tunderstand.
5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型,如:
e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.
Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.
Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.
Thereare20studentsinthisclass,______aredifferent.
A.whosebackgrounds
B.thebackgroundsofwhom
C.ofwhomthebackgrounds
D.thebackgroundsofwhose
1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.
2.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.
3.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?
V:
定语从句中的主谓一致
1、关系代词在定语从句中作主语,其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
例如:
Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismyson.
2、在oneofthe+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,复数名词是先行词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,其谓语动词用复数形式。
Thisisoneofthebestbooksthathaveeverbeenwrittenonthesubject.
3、在“theonlyoneofthe+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,one是先行词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,其谓语动词用单数。
Thisistheonlyoneofthebestbooksthathaseverbeenwrittenonthesubject.
VI:
As作关系代词
1.引导限制性定语从句,用在“such…as”,“thesame…as”等结构中,常译作“像……一样的人或物”,“凡是……的人或物”。
e.g
HewishedtobesuchamanasLeiFengwas.
2.引导非限制性定语从句,用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句),意思是“这一点”。
这个分句可以放在句首,句中,或句末。
Thiselephantislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.
Asiswellknown,oceanscovermorethan70%oftheearth.
Asweexpected,hecompletedhistaskwithgreatsuccess.
ThecompasswasinventedinChina,asweknownow.
若非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词是besaidbeknown,beexpected,bereported,beannounced等结构时,不论是在句首,句中,句末,都必须as用来引导.e.g
Asisknowntous,TaiwanisapartofChina.
as引导定语从句应注意的问题
(1)
Pleasecompare:
isthesamepenasIlost.
这支钢笔和我丢的那支一模一样。
ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.
这支钢笔就是我丢的那支。
as引导定语从句应注意的问题
(2)
Pleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:
Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.
Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.
Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.
Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.
这本书如此有趣,大家都喜欢。
(结果状语从句)
VII:
as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句,有时可以互换,但下列情况多用as。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。
e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.
2.当与such或thesame连用时,一般用as。
e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.
下列情况多用which引导定语从句
1.Theproject,whichlastedfouryears.costus1millionyuan.
2.hetoreupmyphoto,whichupsetme.
3.thegameinwhichtheyoungmancompetedweredifficult.
4.hehasfoundthatwhichhewaslookingfor.
Summary(小结)
Haveasummaryofthisperiod.
Thedesignofthewritingontheblackboard(板书设计)
Theattributiveclause
I.thedefinitionoftheattributiveclause
II.howtodistinguishattributiveclause
III.relativeadverbofattributiveclause
IV.howtochooseprepositionbeforerelativepronoun
V.differencebetweenasandwhich
Homework(作业设计)
DotheexerciseonP34inyourworkbook
Feedbackofteaching(教学反思)
授课人:
师俊鹏
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