《现代大学英语听力4》听力原文及题目答案Unit 2汇总Word格式.docx

《现代大学英语听力4》听力原文及题目答案Unit 2汇总Word格式.docx

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,mostpeoplenowlive,morethan75percent,theformervicepresident,musicconcerts,parades,treeplantings,representativesfrommanyenvironmentalorganizations

【原文】

EveryyearonJunefifthmanycountriescelebrateWorldEnvironmentDay.TheUnitedNationsestablishedthisspecialdayinnineteenseventy-twotogetpeopletothinkabouttakingcareoftheplanet.FaithLapidustellsusmore.

“PubliceventsforWorldEnvironmentDayaretakingplacefromJunefirstthroughJunefifth.Theeventsandconferenceshelpteachworldleadersandcitizenshowtoprotecttheenvironment.

“EveryyearWorldEnvironmentDayiscelebratedinadifferentcity.ThisyearitisbeingheldinSanFrancisco,California.ThisisthefirsttimesincethebeginningofWorldEnvironmentDaythattheconferenceisbeingheldintheUnitedStates.ThemainmessageofWorldEnvironmentDaythisyearis„PlanforthePlanet‟.Theeventsandconferenceswillshowhowtohave„GreenCities‟.Thismeansthatpeoplewilltalkaboutwaysthatcitiescanhavehealthyenvironments.

“Mostpeopleintheworldliveincities.Thismakesthemespeciallyimportantareasofenvironmentalconcern.Citiesusemorethanseventy-fivepercentoftheworld'

snaturalresourcessuchaswaterandgasoline.WorldEnvironmentDaywillcenteronhowpeopleincitiescanworktogethertohelpsavetheplanet.

“SanFranciscoisholdingpublictalkstodiscusspollutionreduction,cleanenergysourcesandtheimportanceofhealthyparksandgardens.Specialexpertsareamongthespeakers.Forexample,formervice-presidentAlGorewilltalkaboutclimatechange.Therealsoarefuneventssuchasmusicconcerts,movies,artshows,parades,bicycleridesandtreeplantings.Localfarmersandrestaurantownerswillservefoodthathasbeennaturallygrown.

“TheMayorofSanFrancisco,GavinNewsom,invitedcityleadersfromallovertheworldtoattendthisconferenceandshareideas.Representativesfrommanyenvironmentalorganizationsalsoareattending.TheUnitedNationshopestocreateaninternationalagreementthatcountriesandcitizenswillfollowtohelpimprovetheEarth'

senvironment.”

Task2:

A.

1d

2a

3b

4c

B.

1Occupationalnoise

2Aircraftnoise

3Trafficnoise

Thesenseofsoundisoneofourmostimportantmeansofknowingwhatisgoingonaroundus.Soundhasawastedproduct,too,intheformofnoise.Noisehasbeencalledunwantedsound.Noiseisgrowinganditmaygetmuchworsebeforeitgetsandbetter.

Scientists,forseveralyears,havebeenstudyinghownoiseaffectspeopleandanimals.Theyaresurprisedbywhattheyhavelearned.Peaceandquietarebecominghardertofind.Noisepollution—thecrashing,squeaking,banging,hammeringofpeople—isnojoke.Itisathreatthatshouldbelookedatcarefully.Soundismeasuredinunitscalled“decibels”.Atalevelof140decibelspeoplefeelpainintheirears.

Automobiles,trucks,buses,motorcycles,airplanes,boats,factories,bands—allthesethingsmakenoise.Theybothernotonlyourears,butourmindsandbodiesaswell.Thereisasayingaboutitbeingsonoisythatyoucan‟thearyourselfthink.Doctorswhostudynoisebelievethatwemustsometimeshearourselvesthink.Ifwedon‟twemayhaveheadaches,otherachesandpains,orevenworsementalproblems.Noiseaddsmoretensiontosocietythatalreadyfacesenoughstress.Butnoiseisnotanewproblem.InancientRome,peoplecomplainedsomuchaboutnoisethatthegovernmentstoppedchariotsfrommovingthroughthestreetsatnight!

Noisecanbeseparatedintoafewgeneralgroups.ThefollowingexamplesaretakenfromhearingsbeforetheUSSenateSubcommitteeonAirandWaterPollutionin1970.

Occupationalnoise—Factoryworkerswhoalwayshearnoisehavepoorerhearingthanothergroups.

Aircraftnoise—Aroundairportsoronairroutesthenoiseofairplanestakingoffandlandingcausesthegreatestcomplaints.

Trafficnoise—Awayfromthenoiseofplanes,trafficsoundsbreakinonourpeaceandquiet.Trucksandmotorcyclescausethemostproblems.

Task3:

1F

2F

3T

4F

5T

6F

7F

8T

9T

Weusuallythinkofpollutionasaharmfulwastesubstancethatthreatenstheairandwater.Butsomepeoplehavebecomeconcernedaboutanotherkindofpollution.Itcanbeeverywhere,dependingonthetimeofday.Anditwasnotthoughtofasasubstance.Itislight.

Theideaoflightpollutionhasdevelopedwiththeincreaseoflightsincities.Inmanyareas,thislightmakesitdifficultorimpossibletoobservestarsandinthenightsky.In1998,theInternationalDark-SkyAssociationformed.Thisorganizationwantstoreducelightpollutioninthenightsky.Italsourgestheeffectiveuseofelectriclighting.

Thereareanumberofreasonswhylightpollutionisimportant.OnehasbecomeclearattheMountWilsonnearLosAngeles,California.MountWilsonObservatorywashometothelargesttelescopesintheworldduringthefirsthalfof1900.

Duringthatperiod,LosAngelesgrewtobecomeoneofAmerica'

sbiggestcities.

Today,lightfromLosAngelesmakesthenightskyaboveMountWilsonverybright.Itisnolongeranimportantresearchcenterbecauseoflightpollution.

Lightpollutionthreatenstoreducethescientificvalueofresearchtelescopesinotherimportantobservatories.TheyincludeLickObservatorynearSanJose,CaliforniaandYerkesObservatorynearChicago,Illinois.

Lightpollutionistheresultofwastedenergy.BrightlightshiningintotheskyisnotbeingusedtoprovidelightwhereitisneededonEarth.Poorlydesignedlightingcausesagreatdealoflightpollution.Lightsthatarebrighterthannecessaryalsocauselightpollution.

Recently,twoItalianastronomersandanAmericanenvironmentalscientistcreatedaworldmapofthenightsky.ThemapshowsthatNorthAmerica,WesternEuropeandJapanhavethegreatestamountoflightpollution.

MostpeopleinAmericaaresurprisedtofindoutthattheyareabletoseeourowngalaxy,theMilkyWay,withtheirowneyes.ButaboutthreefourthsofAmericanscannotseetheMilkyWaybecauseofman-madelight.

Objectsinthenightskyareresourcesthatprovideeveryonewithwonder.Andlightpollutionthreatenstopreventthosewonderfulsightsfrombeingseen.

Task4:

IsraelandJordan,365,thelowestpoint,saltiest,areimportanttoJews,ChristiansandMuslims,Minerals,Thestrangebeautyofthesea

Messagesentbythisproject:

C.

1T

2T

IsraelandJordanrecentlyannouncedthattheywouldworktogethertohelpsavetheDeadSeafromshrinking.Governmentofficialssaidthejointprojectwouldhelpthesea,protectthearea'

sunusualwildlifeandincreasethenumberofvisitorstothearea.TheannouncementwasmadeduringtheUnitedNationsWorldSummitonSustainableDevelopmentearlierthismonthinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.

TheDeadSeaisontheborderbetweenIsraelandJordan.Itis365metersbelowsealevel.ThatisthelowestpointonEarth.TheDeadSeaisthesaltiestlargebodyofwaterintheworld.TheareaaroundtheDeadSeahasancientplacesthatareimportanttoJews,ChristiansandMuslims.MineralsintheDeadSeaareusedforhealthtreatments.Thestrangebeautyoftheseabringsmanyvisitorstothearea.

ButtheDeadSeaisshrinkingbyalmostonemetereachyear.MostofthewaterthatflowsintotheDeadSeacomesfromtheJordanRiver.However,waterflowingfromtheJordanRiverhasbeenredirectedforotherusesinthearea.Officialssaywithinthenext50years,theDeadSeacouldshrinktolessthanhalfofitscurrentsize.

Topreventthat,IsraelandJordanplantobuildapipelinemorethan300kilometerslong.ThepipelinewouldpumpwaterfromtheRedSeathroughbothcountriesintotheDeadSea.Afterthepipelineisbuilt,theofficialshopetobuildacanalandasaltremovalSystemthatwillprovidefreshwatertoJordanians,IsraelisandPalestinians.

Thepipelinewilltakeatleastthreeyearstobuild.Theprojectwillcostasmuchas1,000milliondollars.IsraelandJordanhopetopayforitwithhelpfromothercountries.Theprojectisexpectedtobeginafteranine-monthstudyiscompleted.

IsraelandJordanhadhopedtocooperatecloselyonanumberofissuesaftertheysignedapeaceagreementin1994.However,tensionshaveincreasedbetweenthemsincethecurrentPalestinianuprisingbegantwoyearsago.

OfficialsfromIsraelandJordandescribedthewaterprojectasamajorstepforward.Expertssaytheagreementsendsamessagethattheenvironment,ecologyandnaturearemoreimportantthanbordersorpoliticalconflicts.

Task5:

127percent,higheroceantemperatures,activitiesbypeople,60percent

2developingcountries,offthecoastofnortheasternAustralia,offthePhilippines,theCaribbeanislands,SouthAmerica

Coralreefssupportmanykindsofsealife.

Coralreefsalsoprotectcoastalcommunitiesinstorms.

Coralreefssupportfishingactivitiesandprotectinlandwaterways.

Coralreefsalsohavebecomepopularstopsfortravelers.

Coralsareevenimportantformedicalresearch.

Environmentalexpertsareconcernedabouttheworld'

scoralreefs.Arecentstudyfoundthattwenty-sevenpercentofallcoralreefsystemshavebeendestroyed.Expertsbelievehigheroceantemperaturesandactivitiesbypeoplearetoblame.Thestudywarnsthatsixtypercentofthereefsystemscouldbepermanentlylostifnothingisdonetostoptheproblem.

Coralsaregroupsofsmallorganismscalledpolyps.Thesep