国际人力资源管理教材英文讲义Word文档格式.docx
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国际人力资源管理教材英文讲义Word文档格式.docx
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●TheinternationalizationofHRM
●ThethreemajorformsofIHRM
●DifferencesbetweeninternationalanddomesticHRM
●ThetheoriesforHRM&
IHRM
Keyterms
Ø
Internationalbusiness(IB)
InternationalHumanResourceManagement(IHRM)
Multinationalenterprises(MNEs)
Smallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)
StrategicIHRM(SIHRM)
1.Internationalbusiness
Thecasesforbegainning
ACTION1.1
1.NameonecampanyortwowithrunningIB.
2.HarryRamsden’sgoesinternational
TheinternationalizationofbusinessjustasmanylargecompaniessuchasMotorola,GE,etc.,havebeenrequiredtogoglobaloverthepastdecade,smallandmedium-sizedfirms(SMEs)havedonethesame,suchasHarryRamsden'
s,reportedinIHRMinAction.Itisthesmallerandmedium-sizedfirms,suchasHarryRamsden'
sFishandChips(fromtheUK),thatillustratewhatishappeningtoextendtheimpactofinternationalbusinessthroughouttheworld.Youcannameotherexamplestoillustratethispoint.
HarryRamsden'
sgoesinternational
Deep-friedfishandchipshavebeenaperennially(持续不断地,一直地),popularfoodinEngland.Buttheyhavehistoricallybeenverylocalintheiroperation.OneofEngland'
spremium(特级的)fish-and-chipshops,HarryRamsden'
s,though,foundedinGuiseley,Yorkshire,in1928,isoneofthefewthathaveopenedshopsatmultiplelocations.BY1994thecompanyhadeightbranchesinBritain,withfourmorescheduledforopening,andoneinDublin,Ireland.ItsbusiestUKlocationisintheresorttownofBlackpool,generatingannualsalesof£
1.5million(US$2.3million).HarryRamsden'
smanagers,however,werenotsatisfiedwiththissuccess,theywantedtoturnHarryRamsden'
sintoaglobalenterprise.
Tothisend,in1992thecompanyopeneditsfirstinternationaloperationinHongKong.AccordingtofinancedirectorRichardTaylor,"
Wemarketedtheproductas'
Britain'
sfastfood,anditprovedextremelysuccessful."
WithintwoyearstheHongKongventurewasalreadygeneratingannualsalesequivalenttoitsBlackpooloperations.Halfoftheinitialclientele(顾客)inHongKongwereBritishexpatriates,butwithinacoupleofyears,morethan80percentofcustomerswereethnicChinese.
Emboldenedbythissuccess,HarryRamsden'
shas(asof1999)openedadditionalbranchesinSingapore,Dublin,Ireland,Dubai,UnitedArabEmirates(阿拉伯酋长国),andMelbourne,Australia;
butitsbiggestpotentialtargetmarketisseenasJapan.InanexperimentalshopinTokyo,theJapanesetooktothisproduct,despitetheirtraditionalaversiontogreasyfood.SoHarryRamsden'
sbegantolookforJapanesepartnertoestablishajointventureinJapan.
Asforthefuture,RichardTaylorstatestheirinternationalstrategy:
"
wewantHarryRamsden'
stobecomeaglobalbrand.IntheshorttermthegreatestreturnwillbeintheUK.ButitwouldbeamistaketosaturatetheUKandtheturntotherestoftheworld.We'
dprobablycomeacropper(失败)whenweinternationalized.Weneedexperiencenow."
2.TheimportanceofstudyIHRM
ACTION1.2
DemonstratetheissuebyacaseinShanghai
Supplementarymaterial----fromChinaDaily,20080102,page5
Shanghai‘heaven’forexpatriates
~60,000foreignprofessionalsdrawntoopportunitiesincity
BYWANGHONGYIANDQIANYANFENG
SHANGHAI:
For28-year-oldSelvamaniamKosala,workinginShanghaiisbotharefreshingandrewardingexperience.
TheelectronicsengineerfromKualaLumpur,Malaysia,movedtothecityinNovember2005withherhusband,aproductmanagerfortheAsia-PacificregionofRoyalPhilipsElectronics.
Kosie,asshelikestobecalled,saidthatwhileshewasquitecontentwithherlifeandworkbackhome,theopportunitiesofferedinarapidlydevelopingChinawerejusttoogoodtoresist.
IthinkImadetherightdecision."
Kosiesaid.
Thecityprovidesgreatopportunitiesforforeignerslikeuswhowanttostartacareerhere."
KosieworksinthetechnicalwritingdivisionatIBMinthecity'
sPudonghi-techzone.
"
Ihavebeenevenhappiersincemydaughterwasborn10monthsago,"
shesaid.
Sheseemstolikethecityasmuchaswedo,andIhopethatgrowingupinabilingualenvironmentwillbenefitherinthefuture."
Inrecentyears,Shanghaihaswitnessedahugeriseinthenumberofforeignersmovingtothecitytolive.
Accordingtothemunicipallaborandsocialsecuritybureau,thenumberofexpatriateworkerslivinginthecitygrewfrom4,000in2000tomorethan60,000attheendoflastyear.
SunHande,directorofthebureau'
slaborandemploymentcenterforforeigners,said:
ThisshowsShanghaiisbecomingmoreandmoreforeigner-friendlyandanincreasinglypopularchoiceamongexpatsasaplacetostartanewcareer."
ThelargestnumbersofexpatshailfromJapan,theUnitedStatesandSouthKorea."
Mostofthemhavegoodacademicqualifications,with89percentholdingbachelor'
sdegreesorbetter,"
hesaid.
Mostexpatsworkforforeignfirmsinmanagerialandtechnicalpositionsinareassuchasrealestate,banking,insuranceandconsultancy.
MyfriendsthinkShanghaiisheaven.Thisispartlybecauseforeignersarepaidmorethanlocalpeople,butthecostoflivingislow,"
MarieSander,ayoungGermanwomanworkingasaninternataChineseconsultancyfirminShanghai,whoplanstostayaftergraduationinGermany,said.
SunsaidforeignerslookingtoworkinShanghaicannowapplyonlineforanofficialpermitandthebureauwillprocesstheirapplicationswithinfivedays,fasterthanthenationalstandardof15days.
Proceduresattheentry-exitadministrationhavealsobeensimplifiedtoencouragetheinflowofforeignprofessionalsinselectedfields,Suntold.
ChinaDaily,20080102,page5.
3.TheinternationalizationofHumanResourceManagement
3.1DefinationofIHRM
Theaboveparagraphsmakethepointthatbusinessisglobal.Allaspectsoftheenterpriseareaffected.Thiscourseisaboutonespecificfunctionofbusiness,theinternationalnatureandimplicationsofthemanagementfunctiontermedhumanresourcemanagement(HRM).ThusthefocusofthistextisInternationalHRM(IHRM).ThemorebroadlydefinedfieldofIHRM,isaboutunderstanding,researching,applyingandrevisingallhumanresourceactivitiesintheirinternalandexternalcontextsastheyimpacttheprocessofmanaginghumanresourcesinenterprisesthroughouttheglobalenvironmenttoenhancetheexperienceofmultiplestakeholders;
includinginvestors,customers,employees,partners,suppliers,environmentandsociety.
广义的国际人力资源管理是指:
理解、研究、应用与改善全球环境下影响企业人力资源管理过程的内、外部情景中所有人力资源活动,以提高投资者、顾客、员工、合作者、供应商、环境与社会等多种利益相关者的体验。
Astheglobaleconomyexpands,asmoreproductsandservicescompeteonaglobalbasisandasmoreandmorefirmsoperateoutsidetheircountriesoforigin,theimpactonvariousbusinessfunctionsbecomesmorepronounced.Practitionersinallbusinessfunctionsmustdeveloptheknowledge,skills,andexperienceintheinternationalarenawhichwillenablethemandtheirfirmstosucceedinthisnewenvironment.Thisnewrealityisjustastrue(asthiscoursewilldemonstrate)fortheHRMfunctionasitisforotherbusinessdisciplines,suchasfinanceormarketing,whichoftengetmoreattention.Thepurposeofthiscourseistodescribetheknowledge,skills,andexperiencesnecessaryforthesuccessfulmanagementoftheIHRfunction,afunctionthatisincreasinglyperformedbyallemployeesincompanies,includingHRprofessionals(intheHRdepartment),managersandnon-managers.
3.2FormsofInternationalHRM
InthecaseofHRM,internationalizationcantakemanyforms.Forpracticalpurposes,HRmanagersinmosttypesoffirmscanorwillconfrontatleastsomeaspectsofinternationalization.Thisistosay,theglobalizationandtechnologyfactorsthathaveledtotherebeing"
noplacetohide"
forbusiness,ingeneral,havealsoledtotherebeingnoplacetohidefortheHRprofessional.Humanresourceprofessionalscanfindthemselvesinvolvedinandthereforemustunderstand-IHRMissuesinanyofthefollowingpossiblesituations(whichincludeHRMpositionsinalltypesoffirms,notjustinternationalHRpositionswithinthetypesoffirmsusuallyfocusedon,i.e.,workingattheheadquartersofanMNEorintheparent-countryoperations).
Inallcases,theinternationalaspectsofthesituationincreasetheexposureandliabilitiesforHRmanagersandplaceonthemever-increasingdemandsfornew,internationallyfocusedcompetencies.ThistextisdedicatedtohelpingdeveloptheunderstandingandcompetenciesnecessaryforHRmanagerstosucceed(personallyandprofessionallyasbusinesscontributors)intheinternationalarena.
3.2.1Theoperationofparent-countryfirmsoverseas
Thissituationinvolvesworkingasaparent-countryHRprofessionalinthemainorregionalheadquartersofthetraditionalmultinationalenterprise(MNE).Increasingly,thiscouldalsomeanworkingasanexpatriateHRmanagerinaforeignsubsidiaryofanMNE.Thisisthebest-knownoftheinternationalbusinesssituationsandincludes,forexample,aparent-countryHRmanagerworkingintheheadquartersorparent-countryoperationsoffirmslikeCoca-Cola,Ford,Motorola,andCitibankfromtheUS,orShell,Ericsson,andUnileverfromEurope,orsony,andAcerfromAsia,allfirmsthathaveextensiveforeignbusinessactivity.TypicalheadquartersIHRMresponsibilitiesincludeselectingandpreparingemployeesforandtransferringthembetweenthevariouscountrylocationsofthefirm,det
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