土建毕业设计外文翻译电力塔.docx
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土建毕业设计外文翻译电力塔.docx
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土建毕业设计外文翻译电力塔
附二
TowerofPower
ByGonzaloGarcía-Sobrinos,IgnasiSalvador-Villà,ICCP,andJesúsSerradilla-Echarri
A115mhightoweristhecrowningachievementofPS-10,Europe’sfirstcommercialgeneratingfacilitytobepoweredbythesun.ConstructedinSpain,thetowerhasbeendesignedtosupportlargeloads,facilitatepublicaccess,andcomplementitssurroundingsasmuchaspossible. Photograph:
GettyImages
Thepastfewdecadeshavewitnessedgrowinginterestinsuchrenewablesourcesofenergyasthesun,thewind,hydrogencells,biofuels,rivers,tides,andtheearth'sinternalheat.Becauseoftheirrelativenovelty,thevarioustechnologiescontinuetoundergorapidimprovement,generatingnewengineeringchallenges.
ArecentlycompletedsolarpowerprojectnearSevilla(Seville),Spain,illustratesthispoint.KnownasPS-10,theprojectconsistsofseveralhundredlargemovablemirrors,knownasheliostats,thatreflectdirectsolarradiationtoacentralreceiverlocatednearthetopofa115mhighconcretetower.Componentswithinthereceiverconvertthesolarradiationintoelectricity.Becausethetowerisuniqueinmanyways,itsdesignprovedchallenging.Inparticular,thetallstructurehadtobesufficientlyrobusttosupportlargeloadsyetmaintainanaestheticallypleasingappearancethatwouldbecompatiblewiththesurroundingenvironment.
Withregardtothepotentialdevelopmentofsolarenergy,Spainisoneofthemostattractivecountries,asitenjoysthegreatestamountofsunshineofanyEuropeancountry.Infact,thePlataformaSolardeAlmeríaisEurope'slargestcenterforresearch,development,andtestingoftechnologies usedtoconcentratesolarenergy.LocatedinAlmería,Spain,thefacilityispartoftheCentrodeInvestigacionesEnérgeticas,MedioambientalesyTechnológicas.Moreover,Spainistheworld'sfourthlargestmanufacturerofsolarpowertechnology.
Severalhundredmovablemirrors,knownasheliostats,below,reflectthesun'sraysintothe115mtalltower,which,asthepreviouspagessuggest,appearstolearntowardthefieldofreflectors.
GettyImages
Giventhesefactors,theSpanishgovernmentiscommittedtoproducing12percentofitsprimaryenergythatis,thetotalamountofenergysuppliedbythenation'spowergridfromrenewablesourcesby2010.Thisplanincludesaninstalledsolargeneratingcapacityof400Mw.InMarch2004itremovedeconomicbarriersthatpreventedtheconnectionofrenewableenergysourcestothepowergrid,makingiteasierandsaferforinvestorstodevelopnewprojectsinthisfield.
FacilitiesofthePS-10typeemployafieldofheliostatswithacontrolsystemtoreflectdirectsolarradiationtoacentralreceiverlocatedonamastorpost.Theconcentratedsolarradiationheatsupafluidlocatedinthereceivertotemperaturesbetween500°Cand1,000°C.Thisthermalenergycanthenbeusedtogenerateelectricity.
Infact,PS-10isEurope’sfirstcommercialgeneratingfacilitytobepoweredbythesun,havingbegunoperationsearlierthisyearinsouthernSpaininSanlúcarlaMayor,nearSevilla.Itisthefirstofasetofsolarpowerplantstobestructedinthesameareathatwillhaveatotalgeneratingcapacityofmorethan300MWby2013.Powerwillbegeneratedusingavarietyoftechnologies.
PS-10produceselectricitywith624heliostats,eachhavinganareaof120m2.Alltold,thepowerplantoccupies60haofland.Directedbyacentralcomputerizedsystem,theheliostatsconcentratethesun'sraysatthetopofthetower,whereasolarreceiverandasteamturbinearelocated.Theturbinedrivesagenerator,producingelectricity.
Withanominalcapacityof11MW,theplantproduces24.2GWhofelectricityannually.Constructionoftheplantcost€35million(U.S.$47.8million).ofthatamount,€5million(U.S.$6.8million)camefromtheEuropeanUnion'sFifthFrameworkProgramme,afundthatsupportsresearchanddevelopmentworkoninnovativetechnologies.AlthoughpowerproducedbyPS-10isthreetimesmoreexpensivethanthatfromconventionalsources,thecostinsimilarplantsisexpectedtofallasthetechnologiesdevelop.
ALTAC
Beginningatanelevationof100m,anopeningextends14.1minwidthand15.3minheighttoenablethesun'sreflectedraystoreachthereceiver.
ThePS-10plantisownedbySolúcarEnergía,S.A.Thefirm,commonlyreferredtoasSolúcar,designs,promotes,finances,constructs,andoperatespowerplantsthatusethesunastheirprimaryenergysource.SolúcarisasubsidiaryofAbengoa,ofSevilla,atechnologycompanywhosevariousbusinessunitsconcernthemselveswithsolarenergy,bioenergy,environmentalservices,informationtechnology,andindustrialengineeringandconstruction.
SolúcarsubcontractedtheconstructionofthePS-10planttoAbenerEnergía,S.A.,afirmthatisoneofAbengoa'ssubsid
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