Poetry AppreciationWord文件下载.docx
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Poetry AppreciationWord文件下载.docx
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Shallleavenovestigeofthisflower.
Frommorningsunsandeveningdews
Atfirstthylittlebeingcame:
Ifnothingonce,younothinglose,
Forwhenyoudieyouarethesame;
Thespacebetween,isbutanhour,
Thefraildurationofaflower.
1ststanza:
Thehoneysucklelivesanobscure,unknown,forgotten,serene,andsafelife.
2ndstanza:
Thepure,innocenthoneysuckleisnotcontaminatedbythevulgareyeofpeopleandprotected,embraced,andnurturedbyNature.
3rdstanza:
griefupontheflower’sdeath
4thstanza:
nothinggained,nothinglost
第十四讲
2.APsalmofLife(p102)
byHenryWadsworthLongfellow
.
Tellmenot,in
mournfulnumbers,
Lifeisbutanemptydream!
Forthesoulis
deadthatslumbers,
Andthingsarenotwhattheyseem.
Lifeisreal!
Lifeis
earnest!
Andthegraveisnotitsgoal;
Dustthouart,todustreturnest,
Wasnotspokenof
thesoul.
Notenjoyment,andnotsorrow,
Isourdestinedend
orway;
Buttoact,thateach
tomorrow
Findusfartherthantoday.
Artislong,andTimeisfleeting,
Andourhearts,
thoughstoutandbrave,
Still,likemuffled
drums,arebeating
Funeralmarchestothegrave.
Intheworld'
sbroadfieldof
battle,
Inthebivouacof
Life,
Benotdumb,driven
cattle!
Beaherointhestrife!
TrustnoFuture,howe'
erpleasant!
LetthedeadPast
buryitsdead!
Act,~actinthe
livingPresent!
Heartwithin,and
Godo'
erhead!
Livesofgreatmenallremind
us
Wecanmakeourlives
sublime,
And,departing,leavebehindus
Footprintsonthesandsoftime;
Footprints,thatperhapsanother,
Sailingo'
erlife'
s
solemnmain,
Aforlornand
shipwreckedbrother,
Seeing,shalltakeheartagain.
Letus,then,beupand
doing,
Withaheartforanyfate;
Stillachieving,stillpursuing,
Learntolaborandto
wait.
1stStanza:
Ifyoursoulisnotkeen,ifitisdead,youwillnotsensethetruefeatureorcharmoftheworld,
2ndStanza:
Lifeisfulloffleshandblood,beauty,charms,andmeanings.Weneedtobeenthusiastictowardslife.Itisnotacoursefrombirthtodeath;
ithasmeaningsandgoalstostrivefor.Itshouldbeenriched.
3rdStanza:
Weshouldenhanceandimproveourselvescontinuously,andshouldnotbestoppedbytemporaryjoyorsorrow.
4thStanza:
Ifthereisnofireburninginoursoulorheart,ifwehavenopassion,wearejustonthewaytodeath,eventhoughwearecourageousorbrave.
5thStanza:
Donotlivepassively,weshouldliveindignity,weshouldhaveanaimorcausetostrivefor.
6thStanza:
Don’trelytoomuchonthefuture,andnotbeobsessedbythepast.Sticktoyouridealfast,holdbeliefinyourheartundertheguidanceofGod.
7thStanza:
Wecanbegreat.
8thStanza:
Whatwehavedoneorleftbehindusmaycheerupandstimulatethoselonelyandfrustratedfighters.Whatwedoisofsignificance.
9thStanza:
Weshouldbegin(takeaction)now,withcourageandconfidence,toworkhardandbepatient.
up:
standup,wakeup.
Heart:
belief,resolution,steadfastness,courage
Foranyfate:
tofaceanydestination
第十六讲(April14,2003)
3.TheTideRises,theTideFalls:
HenryWadsworthLongfellow
Thetiderises,thetidefalls,
Thetwilightdarkens,thecurlewcalls;
Alongthesea-sandsdampandbrown
Thetravelerhastenstowardthetown,
Andthetideroses,thetidefalls.
Darknesssettlesonroofsandwalls,
Butthesea,theseainthedarknesscalls;
Thelittlewaves,withtheirsoft,whitehands,
Effacethefootprintsinthesands,
Andthetiderises,andthetidefalls.
Themorningbreaks;
thesteedsintheirstalls
Stampandneigh,asthehostlercalls;
Thedayreturns,butnevermore
Returnsthetravelertotheshore,
Andthetiderises,thetidefalls.
HeyWejustdidthispoeminmylitclass.Thispoemisaboutlife.ThefirststanzaisactuallytalkingaboutthewalkthroughlifehencethementionoftheTraveller.Theauthorusesthesameline"
Andthetiderisesandthetidefalls"
toshowthatnothinginlifeisforcertainbuttheworldandeverythingkeepsgoingevenafteryourdeath.Thesecondstanzaistalkingaboutthe
processofdeath.Hementionsthefootprintsbecausejustlikethewaterwashestheprintsaway,lifeisn'
tpermanentjustastheprintsweren'
tpermanent.The8thlineofthepoemhaspersonificationinit."
Thelittlewaves,withtheirsoft,whitehands"
ispersonification.Thethirdstanzaistalkingabouttheafterlife.ThehostlerisGodandhecallshischildrenhome.Weknowthatthetravellerdied
becauseinlines13-14Itsaysthatthetravellerneverreturned.Anditsaysthedayreturnsbutthetravellerdoesnot.whichgoesbacktowhatIsaidearlier.Natureiseternalbutlifeisnot.HenryWadsworthLongfellowwascontemplatingdeathwhenhewrotethispoem.Hediedshortlyafterwritingthispoem.IfyouhaveanymorequestionsaboutthispoemorLongfellowyoucanemailmeatannaclassof2004@.IhopemyexplanationhelpedyouunderstandthispoemandIhopeyouhaveawonderfulday.
Anna
TheTideRises,TheTideFalls
潮涨潮落
作者简介
朗费罗(1807-1882),美国诗人,生于美国波特兰,曾任哈佛大学近代语言教授[1836-1854],主要诗作有抒情诗集《夜吟》(VoicesoftheNight)、长篇叙事诗《伊凡吉林》(Evangeline)、《海华沙之歌》(TheSongofHiawatha)等。
Thetiderises,thetidefalls,
Alongthesea—sandsdampandbrown
Andthetiderises,thetidefalls.
Thedayreturns,butnevermore
Returnsthetravelertotheshore,
潮涨,潮落,
暮色渐浓,麻鹬鸣叫;
沿着潮湿灰褐色沙滩,
行路人匆匆往城里赶,
潮涨,潮落。
黑暗把屋顶墙壁笼罩,
但大海在黑暗中呼啸;
细浪白白的手,悄悄
把海滩上的脚印抹掉,
破晓时分,厩中骏马
闻马夫唤,踏啼嘶鸣;
海岸边,白昼又来到,
但行人从此形去影消,
朗费罗的这首诗,既像写景诗,又不像写景诗。
要说它不是写景诗吧,它的确描写了大海边的景色——黄昏时的大海边,潮涨潮落,鸟鸣马嘶,有行人赶路,有黑暗笼罩的房屋,甚至连轻柔的白色浪花把沙滩上人的脚印抹掉这样的细节都写到了;
要说它是写景诗吧,它却又多了一些别的东西,特别是前面说“行路人匆匆往城里赶”,后面又说他“从此形去影消”,似乎包含着某种哲理和对人生的感悟。
当然,这不是说,写景诗就该是纯粹的写景,“情”与“景”,“理”与“景”常常是互相交融的;
而是说它与一般的写景诗不同,它更多的是“理”的内涵。
此诗的写作时间是1880年,这时作者已73岁,到了人生的暮年。
因此可以说,这首诗是一位垂暮老人在一天中的垂暮时刻——黄昏,面对潮起潮落的壮阔大海,看到有人沿着沙滩匆匆走过,在抒发诸如“人生天地间,忽如远行客”(《古诗十九首》)或“人生寄一世,奄忽若飚尘”(老莱子)之类的感慨。
而景则是寄寓这一“意”的“象”,故不妨称之为哲理意象诗。
以上的讨论,实际上已交待了这首诗的写作特点,即理景交融。
这里还须指出的是,它的景都是“动态”的:
从小的方面说,麻鹬鸣叫,行人赶路,马儿踏蹄嘶叫,细浪抹去脚印等是“动态”的;
从大的方面说,时间的变化(“暮色渐浓”,“白昼又来到”),大海的潮涨潮落,更是“动态”的,尤其是“潮涨,潮落”这两句形成每一小节的burden(末尾的叠句),回环往复,给人以强烈的印象:
一切都在变化着;
加之“小”与“大”形成强烈的对比,更使人觉得天地的广阔,人的渺小;
时光的无穷,人生的短暂。
WhydoesthispoemdisturbSalamancasomuch?
AskhowishermotherChanhassana"
traveler"
?
Whereisshegoing(Idahotoseehercousin)andwhy(tohercousins'
housesoshewilltellherwhoshewas"
underneath"
beforebeingawifeandmother)(143)?
Askwhat"
theshore"
is…Askwhytherepetitionof"
thetiderises,thetidefalls"
ComparethepoemtoChanhassan'
staleexplaininglifeanddeath."
MymotheroncetoldmetheBlackfootstoryofNapi,theOldManwhocreatedmenandwomen.Todecideifthesenewpeopleshouldliveforeverordie,Napiselectedastone.'
Ifthestonefloats,'
hesaid'
Youwillliveforever.Ifitsinks,youwilldie.'
Napidroppedthestoneinthewater.Itsank..Peopledie"
(150)."
Thetiderises,thetidefalls."
"
Itsank.Peopledie."
Salalsoreactsstronglytothislegendaboutlifeanddeath,evenbeforehermotherdies.Whydidn'
tNapiusealeaf?
HowisSalamancaatravelerandwhatisshelookingfor?
Shehasillusionsaboutfindinghermother(p.141hassomeofherself-deceptions)."
Wewerefollowingalonginherfootsteps"
(40)."
Itwasonlythen,whenIsawthestoneandhername….thatIknew,bymyselfandformyself,thatshewasnotcomingback"
(268).
Howdoesshefinallycometotermswiththefactsoflifeanddeath?
Wedidn'
tneedtobringherbodybackbecausesheisinthetrees,thebarn,thefields"
(276).Afterthesherifftakeshertohermother'
sgravesiteSalsays,"
Sheisn'
tactuallygoneatall.She'
ssinginginthetrees"
The1ststanza:
Whentheitisgettinglate,atravelerhurriesoffalongthesea-sandstosomewhere.(Wheredoesthetravelerheadfor?
Whatisheabouttodo?
)
The2ndstanza:
Whennightfalls,whendarknesspermeateeverywhere,whendarknessswallowseverything,somethingsomewhereiscalling.Thetraveler’sfootprintsarewipedoutbythesea’srepetitive,rhythmic,solemn,andsteadfastaction.(Whatdoestheseacall?
The3rdstanza:
Anothernewdaybegins,butthetravelerdoesnotreturn.(Why?
Whatisthewhereaboutsofthetraveler?
tide:
timehistory,thetempoorrhythmofhistory,secularevents,aperson’s(oranation’s)upsanddowns
traveler:
particularpersonwhoshowsuponceanddisappearsforever,ashortlife,amortallife,butalsoapersonwithasoulofquest;
therepresentativeofhumanbeings,aspiritofquestandadventure.
time:
twilight—darkness--morning
darkness:
foreshadowof
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