英语四级真题第三套Word文件下载.docx
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英语四级真题第三套Word文件下载.docx
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Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ASouthKoreancitydesignedforthefuturetakesonalifeofitsown[A]Gettingaroundacityisonething—andthenthere'
sthematterofgettingfromonecitytoanother.Onevisionoftheperfectcityofthefutureisaplacethatofferseasyaccesstoairtravel.In2011,aUniversityofNorthCarolinabusinessprofessornamedJohnKasardapublishedabookcalledAerotropol区:
TheWayWe'
llLiveNext.Kasardasaysfuturecitiesshouldbebuiltintentionallyaroundornearairports.Theidea,ashehasputit,istoofferbusinesses"
rapid,long-distanceconnectivityonamassivescale."
[BJ"
The18thcenturyreallywasawaterborne(水运的)century,the19thcenturyarailcentury,the20thcenturyahighway,car,truckcentury—andthe21stcenturywillincreasinglybeanaviationcentury,astheglobebecomesincreasin�lyconnectedbyair,"
Kasardasays.Songdo,acitybuiltfromscratchinSouthKorea,isoneofKasarda'
sprimeexamples.Ithasexistedforjustafewyears."
Fromtheoutset,itwasdesignedonthebasisofconnectivityandcompetitiveness,"
saysKasarda."
Thegovernmentbuiltthebridged订ectlyfromtheairporttotheSongdoInternationalBusinessDistrict.Andthesurfaceinfrastructurewasbuiltatthesametimeasthenewairport."
[C]Songdoisastone'
sthrowfromSouthKorea'
sIncheonA卯ort,itsmaininternationalhub(枢纽).Butittakesalotmorethananearbyairporttobeacityofthefuture.Justbuildingaplaceasan"
internationalbusinessdistrict"
doesn'
tmeanitwillbecomeone.ParkYeonSooco戊祝vedscityofthefuturebackin1986.HeconsidersSongdohisbaby.Parkseeshimselfasavisionary.Thirtyyearsafterheimaginedthecity,Park'
sbabyiscloseto70percentbuilt,with36,000peoplelivinginthebusinessdistrictand90,000residentsingreaterSongdo.It'
saboutanhouroutsideSeoul,builtonformertidalflatsalongtheYellowSea.There'
saCoastGuardbuildingandatalltradetower,aswellasapark,golfcourseanduniversity.[DJChancesareyou'
veactuallyseenthisplace.SongdoappearsinthemostfamousmusicvideoevertocomeoutofSouthKorea."
GangnamStyle"
referstothefashionableGangnamdistrictinSeoul.ButsomeofthevideowasfilmedinSongdo."
Idon'
tknowifyouremember,therewasasceneinasubwaystation.ThatwasnotGangnam.ThatwasactuallySongdo,"
saysJungWonSon,aprofessorofurbandevelopmentatLondon'
sBartlettSchoolofPlanning."
Partofthereasontoshootthereisthatit'
snewandnice."
[E]Thecitywassupposedtobeahubforglobalcompanies,withemployeesfromallovertheworldButthat'
snothowithasturnedout.Songdo'
sreputationisasafuturisticghosttown.Buttherealityismorecomplicated.Abridgewithbig,light-blueloopsleadsintothebusinessdistrict.Inthecenterofthemainroad,there'
salong血eofflagsoftheworld.Onthecomer,there'
saStarbucksanda7-Eleven-alloftheinternationalbrandsthatyouseeallovertheworldnowadays.[F]Thecityisnotempty.Therearemotherspushingbabycarriages,oldwomenwithwalkers—eveninthemiddleoftheday,whenit'
s90degreesout.ByunYoung-JinchairstheSongdorealestateassociationandstartedsellingpropertyherewhenthefi订stphaseofthecityopenedin2005.Hesaysdemandhasboomedinthepastcoupleofyears.MostofhisclientsareKorean.Infact,thedevelopersays,99percentofthehomesherearesoldtoKoreans.Youngfamiliesmoveherebecausetheschoolsaregreat.Andthat'
stheproblem:
SongdohasbecomeapopularKoreancity—morepopularasaresidentialareathanabusinessone.It'
snotyetthefuturisticinternationalbusinesshubthatplanners皿agined."
It'
sagreatplacetolive.Andit'
sbecomingagreatplacetowork,"
saysScottSummers,vicepresidentofGaleInternational,thedeveloperofthecity.Thefloor-to-ceilingwindowsofhiscompany'
sofficesoverlookSongdoCentralPark,withacanalfullofsmallboatsandpeoplefishing.Shimmering(闪烁的)glasstowerslinethecanal'
sedge.[G]"
What'
shappenedisthatourfocusoncreatingthatqualityoflifefi订sthasenabledtheresidentstolivehere,"
Summerssays.Butthereneedstobestrongeconomicincentivesforcompaniestolocatehere.Thecityisstillunfinished,anditfeelsabitlikeathemepark.Itdoesn'
tfeelallthatfuturistic.There'
sahigh-techundergroundtrashdisposalsystem.Buildingsareenvironmentally4·
endly.Everybody'
stelevisionsetisconnectedtoasystemthatstreamspersonalizedlanguageorexerciseclasses.[HJButthisisnotStarTrek.Andtosomeoftheresidents,Songdofeelshollow."
I'
m,like,inprisonforweekdays.That'
swhatwecallitintheworkplace,"
saysawomaninher20s.Shedoesn'
twanttousehernameforfearofbeingfi订edfromherjob.ShegoesbacktoSeouleveryweekend."
IsayI'
mprison-breakingonFridaynights."
Butshehastomaketheprisonbreakinherowncar.There'
snohigh-speedtrainconnectingSongdotoSeoul,justover20milesaway[I]ParkYeonSoo,themanwhofrrstimaginedSongdo,feelsfrustrated,too.HesayshebuiltSouthKoreaaluxuryvehicle,"
likeMercedesorBMW.It'
sagoodcarnow.Butwe'
rewaitingforagooddrivertoaccelerate."
Buttherearelotsofothergoodcarsoutthere,too.Theworldisdottedwithfuturistic,high-techcitiestryingtoattractthebiggestinternationalcompanies.[J]Songdo'
sbackerscontendthatit'
sstillearly,andbusinessspaceisfillingup-about70percentoffinishedofficesarenowoccupied.BrentRyan,whoteachesurbandesignatMIT,saysSongdoprovesauniversalprinciple."
Therehavebeenalotofutopian(乌托邦的)citiesinhistory.Andthereasonwedon'
tknowaboutalotofthemisthattheyhavevanishedentirely."
Inotherwords,whenitcomestocities—oranythingelse—itishardtopredictthefuture.36.Songdo'
spopularityliesmoreinitsqualityoflifethanitsbusinessattraction.37.ThemanwhoconceivedSongdofeelsdisappointedbecauseithasfallenshortofhisexpectations.38.AsceneinapopularSouthKoreanmusicvideowasshotinSongdo.39.Songdostilllacksthefmancialstimulusforbusinessestosetupshopthere.40.A叩laneswillincreasinglybecomethechiefmeansoftransportation,accordingtoaprofessor.41.Songdohasendedupdifferentfromthecityitwassupposedtobe.42.SomeofthepeoplewhoworkinSongdocomplainaboutboredomintheworkplace.43.Abusinessprofessorsaysthatafuturecityshouldhaveeasyaccesstointernationaltransportation.44.Accordingtoanurbandesignprofessor,itisdifficultforcitydesignerstoforeseewhatwillhappeninthefuture.45.ParkYeonSoo,whoenvisionedSongdo,feelsaparentalconnectionwiththecity.SectionCDirections:
Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor畔吨edstaten记nts.Foreachofthemtherearefourcho比esmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThefifthlargestcityintheUSpassedasignificantsodataxproposalthatwilllevy(征税)1.5centsperliquidounceondistributors.Philadelphia'
snewmeasurewasa
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