CloudResearch云服务09Word下载.docx
- 文档编号:18318906
- 上传时间:2022-12-15
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:19
- 大小:131.82KB
CloudResearch云服务09Word下载.docx
《CloudResearch云服务09Word下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《CloudResearch云服务09Word下载.docx(19页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
D.Breitgand
E.Levy
A.Galis
K.Nagin
I.Llorente
R.Montero
Y.Wolfsthal
E.Elmroth
J.Caceres
M.Ben-Yehuda
W.Emmerich
F.Galan´
Abstract
Theemergingcloudcomputingparadigmisrapidlygainingmomentumasanalterna-tivetotraditionalIT.However,contemporarycloudcomputingofferingsaremostlygearedtowardsWeb2.0styleapplicationsandonlyrecentlyhavebeguntoaddresstheneedsofenterprise-gradesolutions,suchassupportforinfrastructure-levelSLAs.
Toaddressthechallengesanddeficienciesinthecurrentstateoftheart,weproposeamodular,extensiblecloudarchitecturewithintrinsicsupportforBusinessServiceMan-agement(BSM)andfederationofclouds.Ourgoalistofacilitateanopen,service-based,on-lineeconomy,whereresourcesandservicesaretransparentlyprovisionedandmanagedacrosscloudsonanon-demandbasisatcompetitivecostswithhighqualityofservice.
WepresentthevisiondrivingtheRESERVOIRproject-anarchitecturethatallowsprovidersofcloudinfrastructuretodynamicallypartnerwitheachothertocreateaseem-inglyinfinitepoolofITresourceswhilefullypreservingtheautonomyoftechnologicalandbusinessmanagementdecisions.Tothisend,RESERVOIRleveragesandextendsthead-vantagesofvirtualizationandembedsautonomousmanagementintotheinfrastructure.Atthesametime,theRESERVOIRapproachaimstoachieveaveryambitiousgoal-creatingafoundationfornext-generationenterprise-gradecloudcomputing.
1Introduction
IntheWeb2.0era,companiesgrowfrominceptiontoamassivescaleatincrediblerates.Forexample,MySpaceacquired20millionusersintwoyears;
YouTubereachedthesamenumberofusersinjust16months[1].However,toleveragethispotentialrateofgrowth,companiesmustproperlyaddresscriticalbusinessdecisionsrelatedtotheirservicedeliveryinfrastructure.
TheemergingCloudComputingparadigm[2],asexemplifiedbytheAmazonElasticCom-puteCloud(EC2),representsapromisingconceptualfoundationforhostinganddeploymentofweb-basedserviceswhiletheoreticallyrelievingserviceprovidersfromtheresponsibilityofprovisioningthecomputationalresourcesneededtosupporttheseservices.Cloudcomputingoffersmultipleadvantages:
itallowsindividualsorcompanieswithmarketdomainexpertisetobuildandruntheirSoftwareasaService(SaaS)companywithminimaleffortinsoftwaredevel-opmentandwithoutmanaginganyhardwareoperations.Thishelpsreducesoftwarecomplexityandcosts,expeditetime-to-market,andenhanceaccessibilityofconsumers.
Withcloudcomputing,companiescanleaseinfrastructureresourceson-demandfromavir-tuallyunlimitedpool.The“payasyougo”billingmodelapplieschargesfortheactuallyused
TheresearchleadingtotheseresultsispartiallysupportedbytheEuropeanCommunity’sSeventhFrameworkProgramme(FP7/2001-2013)undergrantagreementn215605.
1
resourcesperunittime.Thisway,abusinesscanoptimizeitsITinvestmentandimproveavail-abilityandscalability.
Whilecloudcomputingholdshugepromiseforthefutureofservicecomputing,anumberofinherentdeficienciesincurrentofferingscanbepointedout:
Inherentlylimitedscalabilityofsingle-providerclouds:
Althoughmostinfrastructurecloudproviderstodayclaiminfinitescalability,inrealityitisreasonabletoassumethateventhelargestplayersmaystartfacingscalabilityproblemsasCloudComputingusagerateincreases.Inthelongterm,scalabilityproblemsmaybeexpectedtoaggravateascloudprovidersserveanincreasingnumberofon-lineservices,eachaccessedbymassiveamountsofglobalusersatalltimes.
Lackofinteroperabilityamongcloudproviders:
Contemporarycloudtechnologieshavenotbeendesignedwithinteroperabilityinmind.Thisresultsinaninabilitytoscalethroughbusinesspartnershipsacrosscloudsproviders.Inaddition,itpreventssmallandmediumcloudinfrastructureprovidersfromenteringthecloudprovisioningmarket.Overall,thisstiflescompetitionandlocksconsumerstoasinglevendor.
Nobuilt-inBusinessServiceManagementsupport:
BusinessServiceManagement(BSM)isamanagementstrategythatallowsbusinessestoaligntheirITmanagementwiththeirhighlevelbusinessgoals.ThekeyaspectofBSMisServiceLevelAgreement(SLA)manage-ment.CurrentcloudcomputingsolutionsarenotdesignedtosupporttheBSMpracticesthatarewellestablishedinthedailymanagementoftheenterpriseITdepartments.Asaresult,enterpriseslookingattransformingtheirIToperationstocloud-basedtechnologiesfaceanon-incrementalandpotentiallydisruptivestep.
Wearguethatnoneoftheseproblems,aswellasothermajorproblemssuchassecurityandavailability,arenotremediablebyretrofittingexistingarchitectures.Onthecontrary,theseissuesshouldbeaddressedbyproperdesignofacloudcomputingarchitecturefrombasicprinciples.Inthispaper,weproposeareferencemodelandarchitecturethatsystematicallyaddresssomeofthosedeficienciesandserveasapotentialfoundationfordeliveringITservicesasutilitiesovertheInternet.
1.1TheRESERVOIRApproach
TheRESERVOIRvisionistoenableon-demanddeliveryofITservicesatcompetitivecosts,withoutrequiringalargecapitalinvestmentininfrastructure.OurmodelisinspiredbyastrongdesiretolikenthedeliveryofITservicestothedeliveryofcommonutilities.Forexample,acommonscenariointheelectricgridisforonefacilitytodynamicallyacquireelectricityfromaneighboringfacilitytomeetaspikeindemand.Wedeemthatsimilarlytootherindustries,wherenosingleproviderservesallcustomersatalltimes,next-generationcloudcomputinginfrastruc-tureshouldsupportamodelwheremultipleindependentproviderscancooperateseamlesslytomaximizetheirbenefit.
Morespecifically,webelievethattotrulyfulfillthepromiseofcloudcomputing,thereshouldbetechnologicalcapabilitiestofederatedisparatedatacenters,includingthoseownedbyseparateorganizations.Onlythroughfederationandinteroperabilitycaninfrastructureproviderstakeadvantageoftheiraggregatedcapabilitiestoprovideaseeminglyinfiniteservicecomputingutility.Informally,werefertotheinfrastructurethatsupportsthisparadigmasafederatedcloud.
Anadditionalimportantadvantageofferedbythefederatedcloudapproachisthatitdemoc-ratizesthesupplysideofcloudcomputingandallowssmallandmedium-sizedbusinessesandnewentrantstobecomecloudproviders.Thisencouragescompetitionandinnovation.
2
Asdiscussedabove,oneofthelimitingfactorsincurrentcloudcomputingofferingsisthelackofsupportforBSM,specificallyforbusiness-alignedSLAmanagement.WhilespecificcloudcomputingsolutionscanbeenhancedwithsomeaspectsofBSM,theprovisioningofcomplexservicesacrossafederatednetworkofpossiblydisparatedatacentersisadifficultandyetunsolvedproblem.Aservicemaybeacompositionofnumerousdistributedresources,includingcomputing,storage,andnetworkelements.Provisioningsuchaserviceconsumesphysicalresources,butshouldnotcauseanSLAviolationofanyotherrunningapplicationwithaprobabilitylargerthansomepredefinedthreshold.AsSLAsserveasriskmitigationmechanisms,thisthresholdrepresentstheriskthatacloudproviderandthecloudcustomerarewillingtoaccept.
WithBSM,applicationsareproperlydimensioned,andtheirnon-functionalcharacteristics(e.g.,performance,availability,security,etc.),governedbySLAs,areensuredwithoptimalcostthroughcontinuousIToptimization.Wearguethatduetotheimmensescaleenvisionedbycloudcomputing,supportforBSMshouldbemaximallyautomatedandembeddedintothecloudinfrastructure.
IntheRESERVOIRmodel,eachinfrastructureproviderisanautonomousbusinesswithitsownbusinessgoals.Aproviderfederateswithotherproviders(i.e.,otherRESERVOIRsites)basedonitsownlocalpreferences.TheITmanagementataspecificRESERVOIRsiteisfullyautonomousandgovernedbypoliciesthatarealignedwiththesite’sbusinessgoals.Toopti-mizethisalignment,onceinitiallyprovisioned,resourcescomposingaservicemaybemovedtootherRESERVOIRsitesbasedoneconomical,performance,oravailabilityconsiderations.Ourresearchaddressesthoseissuesandseekstominimizethebarrierstodeliveringservicesasutilitieswithguaranteedlevelsofserviceandproperriskmitigation.
Cloudcomputingisthelatestincarnationofageneral-purposepubliccomputingutility.Inrecentyearswehaveseenthemanyeffortstowardscomputingasautility-fromgridcomput-ing[3],whichmadesignificantprogressintheareaofhighperformancescientificcomputing,toattemptsatbuildingenterprise-levelutilities[4].However,noneoftheseattemptshavemateri-alizedintoageneralpurposecomputeutilityaccessiblebyanyone,atanytime,fromanywhere.
Whatmakescloudcomputingdifferentisthatindustrytrendssuchasubiquityofbroad-bandnetworks,fastpenetrationofvirtualizationtechnologyforx86-basedservers[5],andtheadoptionofSoftwareasaService[6]arefinallycreatinganopportunityandaneedforaglobalcomputingutility.Thereluctancetouseon-lineservicesasareplacementfortraditionalsoftwareislessening–thesuccessofcompaniessuchasprovesthatwiththerightsetofsecuritywarrantiesandacompetitiveprice,companiesarewillingtotrusteventheirmostvalu-abledata–customerrelations–toanon-lineserviceprovider.Atthesametime,virtualizationhasmadeitpossibletode
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- CloudResearch 服务 09