学年松江二中高三上英语期中文档格式.docx
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学年松江二中高三上英语期中文档格式.docx
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greengrowth”modelsthatshowhowclimatechangeandtechnologicalinnovationcanbeintegratedwitheconomicgrowth.Theirmodelshaveshapedpolicyaroundtheworldprofoundly.
(21)(work)independently,theyhaveaddressed“someofourtime'
smostbasicandpressingquestionsabouthowwecreatelong-termsustainedandsustainablegrowth,"
theRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences(瑞典皇家科学院)saidinastatement.Thetwomen,itcontinued,had“significantlybroadenedthescopeofeconomicanalysisbyconstructingmodelsthatexplain
(22)themarketeconomyinteractswithnatureandknowledge.”
Nordhaus,77,hasbeenapioneerofenvironmentaleconomicssincethe1970s.HeisalongtimeprofessorofeconomicsatYaleUniversity.He(23)(recognize)forhisworkinapplyingeconomicanalysistoclimatechangeforecastslongago.
Inthemid-1990s,Nordhausbecamethefirstpersontocreateamodelthatdescribestheglobalinteraction(24)theeconomyandtheclimate.Themodeldrawsonthefieldsofchemistry,physicsandeconomicsandisusedtoexplorethepossibleeffectsofclimatepolicies.Healsocameupwiththeideaofcarbontaxationasaway(25)(cut)downongreenhousegasemissions.CarbontaxationiswidespreadthroughoutEuropeandworkisunderwayinseveralotherregionstoadoptit.TheUnitedStates-thesecond(26)(large)emitterofgreenhousegasesintheworld-hasyettoputitintoeffect.
Theco-winnerRomer,aformerseniorvicepresidentoftheWorldBank,nowworksas(27)
economicsprofessoratNewYorkUniversity.HesaidhewashonoredtobenamedalongsideNordhaus,(28)whoseworkpavedthewayforhisown.The62-year-oldwasknownformodeling,methodsforlong-termeconomicgrowth.Hismostinfluentialwork,(29)
(publish)in1990,hasgeneratedvastamountsofnewresearchintotheregulationsandpoliciesthatencouragenewideasandlong-termprosperity.Romerwasconfidentthattheworldcouldreducegreenhousegasemissionsandstillimprovestandardsoflivinginthefuture.“We(30)
absolutelymakegreatprogressinprotectingtheenvironment,andwithoutgivinguponthechancetosustaingrowth,”hesaid.
SectionB(15%)
A.academicB.leisureC.virtualD.considerationE.arguablyF.release
G.centersH.guideI.captureJ.reluctantlyK.operations
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
NowChineseplayerscanexperienceforthemselveswhatit'
sliketobeaChineseparentinanewvideogame.Sinceits31onSeptember29th,ChineseParentshaspeakedatNo.2ongamingplatformSteamsbestsellerlist,temporarilyexceedingbig-budgetcompetitorslikePlayerUnknown'
sBattlegrounds.SteamusershaveawardedChineseParentsanimpressiveaveragescoreof9outof10.All_32canbecompletedwithasinglemouseclick.
DevelopedbyBeijing-basedstudio10Moyuwan,thegamegivesplayersthechancetohave
33babyboys,raisethemtoadulthood,andseethattheyfindgoodcareersandpartners.(Theoptiontohavegirlsisstillbeingdeveloped.)Themaintaskofthegame34oneducation,oneofthechiefpreoccupations(令人全祌贯注的事物)ofreal-lifeChineseparents.Toachievethebestpossibleoutcome,playershaveto35theire-kidsallthewayuptotheNationalCollegeEntranceExamination.
However,in36ofthegrowingconcernoverteenagementalhealthinChina,playersarealsoencouragedtogivetheire-kidssufficienttimefor37activitiessuchasbasketballandvideogamingtohelpthemleadbalancedlives.Inrecentyears,therehavebeenreportsofChinesestudentskillingthemselvesduetohigh38_pressures.
Otheraspectsofthegame39familiarelementsofChineseculture:
braggingaboutkids'
achievementstorelatives;
goingtogreatlengthstopreserve"
face"
refusingredenvelopesduringLunarNewYearbeforeeventuallypretendingto40acceptthegifts.
III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Whenauthoringhisepitaph(墓志铭),ThomasJeffersonomittedhistwotermsasthe
nation’sthirdpresidentyetincluded“FatheroftheUniversityofVirginia.”TheFoundingFatherspentthelastyearsofhislifenotin41butinsteadpursuingoneofhismosttreasuredmissions:
itwascreatingtheUniversityofVirginia.Asmastermindoftheuniversity’sarchitectureandcurriculum,Jeffersonassuredthatwhatheleftbehindwas42.
Jeffersonpersonallydesignedandoversawthe43ofwhathewouldregardasan“academicvillage.”Atthefrontandcenterofatree-linedlawnarea,Jefferson44positionedtheRotunda,aroundbrickbuildingfeaturingclassicalGreekcolumnsinfront.ThedomedtopoftheRotundacontainedalibrarystockedwith7,000books45byJeffersonhimself,whiletheareabeneathincludedtwofloorsofclassrooms.Atthattime,suchnoticeable
placementoftheRotundawasamarked46fromotheruniversities’designs,whichgenerallyfeaturedchapels(小教堂)forthetrainingofclergy(牧师).
47useofthegrassyareainfrontoftheRotunda,Jeffersonaddedtentwo-storyhousesforteachers’housingandconnectedthemtostudentdormitorieswithcolonnades,column-linedcoveredwalkways.Tokeepteachers48whiletheyweretalkingheated,Jeffersonincludeddininghallsinhisdesign,referringtothemas“hotels.”
Inthespiritofhisnewnation,Jeffersonintroducedthenotionofwhatwenowcallelectives.Insteadofastrictlydictatedcurriculum,studentscould49fromtenacademicdisciplines.Thesedisciplinesweresubjectareasthat50fromancientandmodernlanguagestocertainbranchesofscience.(Notoneto51theslightestdetail,JeffersonshowcasedthetencategoriesbyplacingacarefullychosenRomansymboloneachofthetenhouses.)Tosupportthe
52componentsoftheuniversity’scurriculum,Jeffersonincludedabotanicalgarden,anexperimentalfarm,andanobservatory.
Althoughhedidn’tlivetoseethefullcompletionoftheuniversity’sconstruction,or53thegraduationofthefirstseniorclass,Jeffersonensuredthattheuniversity,whichwouldlaterbenamedaWorldHeritagesite,54freechoiceinclasses,respectforclassicalroutes,andcuriosityaboutthesciences.
Thoseprinciplesareforeverrememberedinthelastpartofhisepitaph,which,if55differently,couldeasilyhaveread“academicvisionaryforallAmericans.”
41.A.company
B.school
C.government
D.library
42.A.deliberate
B.sound
C.previous
D.casual
43.A.construction
B.decoration
C.evolution
D.launch
44.A.frequently
B.accidentally
C.emotionally
D.strategically
45.A.edited
B.written
C.chosen
D.copied
46.A.absence
B.departure
C.prevention
D.relief
47.A.Maximizing
B.Denying
C.Protecting
D.Losing
48.A.turnedto
B.heldup
C.lookedto
D.fueledup
49.A.select
B.differ
C.hear
D.keep
50.A.dated
B.ranged
C.resulted
D.borrowed
51.A.overlook
B.notice
C.hide
D.explore
52.A.mathematics
B.language
C.science
D.history
53.A.less
B.ever
C.else
D.even
54.A.encouraged
B.reformed
C.damaged
D.evaluated
55.A.enclosed
B.stated
C.substituted
D.resisted
SectionB(22%)
Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor
unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia(痴呆)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn5tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.
Afterage50,it5squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWoman’sHospitalinBoston.
Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.
Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon’trememberevenseeingit,that’sfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.
Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that’s“aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.”Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou’vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.
Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldn’tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofDefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain’scognitive(认知的)reserve,Daffnersays.
“Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthat
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