浙江大学新编大学英语4 第二版 Unit1Unit5 课文原文文档格式.docx
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浙江大学新编大学英语4 第二版 Unit1Unit5 课文原文文档格式.docx
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3whyisitthtseverlstudentsinclsswillflloutoftheirchirslughingfterItelljokewhiletherestofthestudentslooksifI'
vejustredthewetherreport?
Obviouslysomepeopleremoresensitivetohumorthnothers.nd,werecognizethtsomepeopletelljokesverywellwhileothersstruggletosysomethingfunny.We'
vellherdpeoplesy,"
Ilikejokes,butIcn'
ttellonewell,ndIcnneverrememberthem."
Somepeoplehvebettersenseofhumorthnothersjustssomepeoplehvemoremusicltlent,mthemticltlentetc.thnothers.trulyfunnypersonhsjokeforeveryoccsion,ndwhenoneistold,thttriggersnentirestringofjokesfromthtperson'
smemorybnk.humorlesspersonisnotlikelytobethemostpopulrpersoningroup.Itisresonbletosythtthetrulyhumorousindividulisnotonlywellliked,butisoftenthefocusofttentioninnygthering.
4Evensomenimlshvesenseofhumor.Mywife'
smotheroftenvisitedusforextendedstys.Shenormllydidn'
tlikedogs,butshefellinlovewithBlitzenfemleLbwehve,ndthereltionshipwsmutul.Evenwhenyoung,BlitzenwouldteseGrndmbyveryselectivelycrryingoneofherbedroomslippersintothelivingroomwhereGrndmstinherfvorite,comfortblechir.BlitzenprncedjustbeyondtherechofGrndmuntilGrndmwstemptedtoleveherchirtogettheslipperfromBlitzen.WhenGrndmleftherchir,Blitzenwouldquicklyjumpintothechir,flshingherLbsmilefromsprklingbrowneyeswhichclerlysid,"
h,Ifooledyougin.
5Typicljokesorhumorousstorieshvethree-prtntomythtisesilyrecognized.FirstistheSETUP(orsetting),nextistheBODY(orstoryline),ndtheserefollowedbythePUNCHLINE(nunexpectedorsurpriseending)whichwillmkethejokefunnyifitcontinssomehumor.Usullyllthreeprtsrepresent,ndechmustbeclerlypresented.Ithelpsifthestory/joketellerusesgesturesndlngugewhichrewellknowntotheudience.
6Humor,sformofentertinment,cnbenlyzedinordertodiscoverwhtmkesfunnystoryorjokeseemfunny.Here,forexmple,resomeofthemostcommontypesofhumor.Theyrngefromthemostobvioushumortothemoresubtletypes.
7"
SLP-STICK"
isthemostobvioushumor.Itslngugeissimple,direct,ndoftenmkesfunofnotherpersonorgroup.Slp-stickwsndisthetechniqueofthestnd-upcomedinndtheclown.It
ppelstollgesndllcultures.NerlyeveryEnglish-spekingcomedininthiscenturyhsusedthefollowingjokeinoneformornother.Onemnsksnother,"
WhowsthtldyIswyouwithlstnight?
"
Theotherreplies,"
Thtwsnoldy,thtwsmywife."
Thehumorliesinthefctthtthesecondmnissyingththiswifeisnotldy.Inotherwords,sheisnotrefinedwomn.Thejokeisnolessfunnybecuseitissooftenused.Theudienceknowsindvncewhtwillbesid,becuseitisclssichumor,ndnyudiencevluesitevenmorebecuseofitsfmilirity.
8Chinese"
cross-tlk"
isspeciltypeofslp-stickinwhichtwoChinesecomedinshumorouslydiscusstopicssuchsbureucrts,fmilyproblems,orotherpersonltopics.Cross-tlkcnbeherdnywherefromsmllvillgestgestothelrgestBeijingthetres,ndtordiondtelevision.ItisclerlytrditionlformofhumorwellunderstoodbyChinesepeople.
9PLYONWORDSisnotsoobvioussslp-stick,butitisfunnybecuseofmisusedormisunderstoodlnguge.MyfvoriteexmpleisthestoryofthreeelderlygentlementrvelingbytrininEnglnd.sthetrinslowedforstopthefirstmnsked,"
IsthisWembley?
"
No,"
sidthesecond,"
It'
sThursdy."
SomI,"
sidthethirdmn."
Let'
sstopforbeer."
Weknowthtolderpeopleoftendonotherthingsclerly,sothemisunderstndingofbothWednesdy(forWembley)ndthirsty(forThursdy)mkenicesetupforthepunchlinedeliveredbythethirdmn.
10ThefmousChinesecrtoonistndhumoristDingCongismsterofwordply.Inoneofhisfunnycrtoons,techersys,"
Howcomeyoucompletelycopiedsomebodyelse'
shomework?
Theyoungstudentreplies,"
Ididn'
tcompletelycopyit.Mynmeonthepgeisdifferent."
InnotherclssicDingCongcrtoon,nirrittedfthersks,"
Tellme,wht'
soneplustwo?
Thesonsys,"
Idon'
tknow."
Theimptientftherthensys,"
Forexmple,you,yourmother,ndIltogetherrehowmny,youidiot?
Thesonproudlynswers,"
Threeidiots."
Whetherthesestoriesrecrtoons,jokestoldbyslpstickcomedin,orcross-tlkingtem,theyppeltopeopleeverywheresfunnystoriesbecusetheyhvenoteofrelitytothem,ndtheunexpectedpunchlineisquitefunny.11PUNSreevenmoresubtleformsofwordply.Theyusethetechniqueofsimilrsoundingwordsorlterntivemeningsofthesmeword.Punsrethoughtbysomecriticstobethelowestformofhumor,butIdisgreewiththis.Punsrequiremoresubtlendsophistictedlngugeskillsthnmosthumorforms,buteventheveryyoungcnusethemintheirsimplerforms.Forexmple,the"
riddle"
ortrickquestionoftenusespuninthesetup,thestoryline,or,moreoften,thepunchline.PunsrethefirsttypeofhumorIlerned,ndtbout5yersofgeIrememberheringthefollowingriddle.Onepersonsks,"
Whtisblckndwhite
ndredllover?
Theotherpersonusullycnnotnswertheriddle,sosys,"
Igiveup.Whtisthenswer?
Theriddlerreplies,"
newspper."
Thisistheobviousnswerifoneknowstht"
red"
ispronouncedthesmes"
inEnglish,butthemeningsreclerlydifferent.
12DOUBLE-ENTENDRES(Frenchfordoublemenings)respecilvritionsofpunsinwhichwordsorphrseshvedoublemenings.Frequentlythetwomeningsreverydifferent,ndoneisquiteproperwhilethesecondisoften,butnotlwys,vulgr.Ilikethesomewhtmildstoryofschooltecherndprinciplofhighschoolwhoreconcernedbecusesomeboysndgirlshvebeenseenkissingontheschoolplyground.Thetechersystothestudents,"
TheprinciplndIhvedecidedtostopkissingontheschoolplyground."
Heringsomelughter,shesenseshermessgewsnotltogethercler,soshedds,"
WhtImentosyisthttherewillbenomorekissinggoingonunderournoses"
.Thisclrifiction,ofcourse,doesnothingtocorrectthefirststtementndthedoublemeningofthejokebecomesevenmorelughble.
13Someprofessionlhumoriststhinktoomuchoftody'
shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticted.Theydislikethesuggestiveorvulgrlngugeusedtoofrequently,ndtheyfeelthtmosthumoristsrenotverycretive.Itistruethtsomeoftody'
shumorisrthershocking,butIdon'
tthinkhumoristobeblmedfortht.Humorislivendwell,nditwillpersistsimplybecusethererefunnythingshppeningeverydy.Somehumorouspeopleseendherthesefunnythingsndrebletomkethemintofunny,entertiningjokesndstories.
Ftlttrction
1The"
Queen"
ofBritishmurdermysterywritingis,withoutdoubt,gthChristie.lthoughthewriterherselfdiedover20yersgo,her78"
Whodunit"
novelscontinuetosellinhugenumbers.Theyhvebeentrnsltedintomorethnhundredlngugesndtheyhvesoldovertwobillioncopies.
2TheppelofgthChristie'
sbooks,bothinBritinndbrod,isnothrdtounderstnd.Echbookiscleverlyconstructed.Sheuseschrctersthtreesilyrecognizblendherplotsdeveloplmostlikeclockwork.Butmostimportntly,llherstoriessetpuzzleforthereder.
3NerlyllofChristie'
sbooksstrtwithmurder,forcingtheredertoskthequestion,"
whodunit?
ndllofthemendwithsolution.Thefunfortherederisinfollowingtheclueshiddeninthestoryndtryingtorechthecorrectsolutionbeforetheuthorrevelsit.Thisformulppelstothestrongestofhumninstinctscuriositynditspopulrityshowsnosignofgoingwy.
4MnyofthemysteriesresolvedbyoneoftheChristie'
sregulrinvestigtors,liketheveryconfidentBelgin,HerculePoirot,orthepprentlyhrmlesslittleoldldy,MissMrple.Shelsocretedspecilsettingforherstorieswhichhsbecomesfmilirssomeofherc
hrcters.ItisEnglndbetweenthetwoWorldWrs,whereclose-knitcommunitiesliveinquietvillgesorrichcityfolkssembleforweekendstgrndcountryhouses.
5Thisworldisruledbyrigidsocilhierrchy.Theownersofthecountryhouses,probblymembersoftheristocrcy,retthetop,thenthereretheprofessionlclsses:
doctors,lwyersndbusinessmen.tthebottomrethecommonpeople,whonormllypperinthebookssservnts,cooksndgrdeners.Whenmurderiscommitted,there'
snoshortgeofsuspectstobeinvestigted.
6gthChristie'
sworldisnotquiterelworld,whichisoneoftheresonswhyherbookshvenotbecomedted.Thisisworldwhichissfendpredictbleuntilmurdershtterspeople'
slives.Thecrimemustbesolvedsothtthemurderercnberrested,butlso,sothtclmcnberestored.
7DuringmostofgthChristie'
slife,Englndhdthedethpenltyformurder.So,oncethecrimeinherbooksissolvedndthemurdereridentified,thtistheendforhimorher.Thererenolooseendsndtheredercnsleeppecefullyinhisorherbed.
8Intherelworld,ofcourse,thingsdon'
thppenquiteliketht.Criminlsgounpunished,peoplerewronglyconvictedndthereremiscrrigesofjustice.Inshort,therelworldisnotsfeplce.Itisforthisresonthtsomnyredersliketoburytheirhedsinnold-fshioneddetectivestorywithsfendpredictbleending.
9ThekindofwhodunitgthChristiewroteiscertinlyold-fshioned.Fewcontemporrycrimewritersreproducingthis
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