实用参考北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx
- 文档编号:18155750
- 上传时间:2022-12-13
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:19
- 大小:38.07KB
实用参考北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx
《实用参考北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《实用参考北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx(19页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
D.accustomedtosplittinganddivided
13.Applepieisneithergoodnorbad;
itisthewayitisusedthatdeterminesitsvalue.
A.atitselfB.asitselfC.onitselfD.initself
14.usearlier,yourrequesttothefull.
A.Youhavecontacted…wecouldcomplywith
B.Hadyoucontacted…wecouldhavecompliedwith
C.Youhadcontacted…couldwehavecompliedwith
D.Haveyoucontacted…wecouldcomplywith
15.TheAmericanRevolutionhadnomedievallegalinstitutionstoortorootout,apartfrommonarchy.
A.discardB.discreetC.discordD.disgorge
16.Livingconstantlyintheatmosphereofslave,hebecameinfectedtheunconscioustheirpsychology.Noonecanshieldhimselfsuchaninfluence.
A.on…by…atB.by…for…in
C.from…in…onD.through…with…from
17.TheeffectofelectrictechnologyhadatfirstbeenanGiety.Nowitappearstocreate
.
A.boreB.boredC.boredomD.bordom
18.Jazztendstobeacasualdialogueformofdancequiteinthereceptiveandmechanicalformsofthewaltz.
A.lackedB.lackingC.forlackofD.lackof
19.Therearetoomanycomplainsaboutsocietymovetoofasttokeepupwiththemachine.
A.thathavetoB.havetoC.havingtoD.hasto
20.Thepoorgirlspentoverhalfayearinthehospitalbutsheisnowforit.
A.nonetheworseB.nonethebetter
C.neverworseD.neverbetter
21.Asthesilentfilmsound,sodidthesoundfilmcolor.
A.criedoutfor…criedoutforB.cryoutfor…cryoutfor
C.hadcriedoutfor…criedoutforD.hadcriedoutfor…cryoutfor
22.Whilehiseffortsweretremendoustheresultsappearedtobevery.
A.triggerB.meagerC.vigorD.linger
23.Westernmanishimselfbeingde-Westernizedbyhisownspeed-up,byindustrialtechnology.
A.asmuchtheAfricansaredetribalized
B.theAfricansaremuchbeingdetribalized
C.asmuchastheAfricansarebeingdetribalized
D.asmuchastheAfricansaredetribalized
24.Weadmirehiscourageandself-confidence.
A.canbutB.cannotonlyC.cannotbutD.canonlybut
25.Inthe1930’s,whenmillionsofcomicbooksweretheyoungwithfightingandkilling,nobodyseemedtonoticethattheviolenceofcarsinthestreetswasmorehysterical.
A.inundatingB.imitatingC.immolatingD.insulating
26.youpromiseyouwillworkhard,supportyoutocollege.
A.Ifonly…willIB.Only…Iwill
C.Onlyif…willID.Onlyif…Iwill
27.ItisoneoftheironiesofWesternmanthathehasneverfeltinventionasathreattohiswayoflife.
A.anyconcernwithB.anyconcernabout
C.anyconcerninD.anyconcernat
28.Oneroomschools,withallsubjectsbeingtaughttoallgradesatthesametime,simply
whenbettertransportationpermitsspecializedspacesandspecializedteaching.
A.resolvedB.absolvedC.dissolvedD.solved
29.Peoplearelivinglongerandnotsavingenough,whichmeanstheywilleitherhavetowork
longer,livelessinretirementorbailedbythegovernment.
A.in…for…upB.for…on…out
C.by…in…onD.on…for…out
30.Thecountrysdeficitthatyeartoarecord1698billiondollars
A.soaredB.souredC.soredD.sourced
PartThree:
CloseTest(10%)
Directions:
ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchooseONEbestwordforeachnumberedblank.MarkyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.
20GGwastheworstyearfortherecordlabelsinadecade31was20GG,andbeforethat20GGand20GG.Infact,industryrevenueshavebeen32forthepast10years.Digitalsalesaregrowing,butnotasfastastraditionalsalesarefalling.
Maybethat’sbecauseillegaldownloadsaresoeasy.Peoplehavebeen33intellectualpropertyforcenturies,butitusedtobeatime-consumingwaytogeneratemarkedly34copies.Thesedays,high-qualitycopiesare35.AccordingtothePewInternetproject,peopleusefile-sharingsoftwaremoreoftenthantheydoiTunesandotherlegalshops.
I’dliketobelieve,asmanyofmyfriendsseemto,thatthispracticewon’tdomuchharm.ButevenasI’veheardoverthepastdecadethatthingsweren’t36bad,thatthemusicindustrywasmovingtoanew,betterbusinessmodel,eachyear’snumbershavebeenworse.Maybeit’stimetoadmitthatwemayneverfindawayto37consumerswhowantfreeentertainmentwithcreatorswhowanttogetpaid.
38onthisproblem,thecomputationalneuroscientistAndersSandbergrecentlynotedthatalthoughwehavestronginstinctivefeelingsaboutownership,intellectualpropertydoesn’talways39thatframework.Theharmdonebyindividualactsofpiracyistoosmallandtooabstract.“Thenatureofintellectualproperty,”hewrote,“makesithardtomaintainthesocialandempathic40thatkeep(s)usfromtakingeachother’sthings.”
31.A.AsB.SameC.ThusD.So
32.A.stagnatingB.decliningC.increasingD.stultifying
33.A.takingB.robbingC.stealingD.pirating
34.A.upgradedB.inferiorC.ineffectiveD.preferable
35.A.numerousB.ubiquitousC.accessibleD.effortless
36.A.soB.thisC.thatD.much
37.A.satisfyB.helpC.reconcileD.equate
38.A.BasedB.CapitalizingC.ReflectingD.Drawing
39.A.matchupwithB.fillinC.fitintoD.setup
40.A.constraintsB.consciousnessC.normD.etiquette
PartIV:
ReadingComprehension(20%)
Eachofthefollowingfourpassagesisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachquestionorunfinishedstatement,fouranswersaregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.MarkyourchoicesontheAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
Cancerhasalwaysbeenwithus,butnotalwaysinthesameway.Itscareandmanagementhavedifferedovertime,ofcourse,butso,too,haveitsidentity,visibility,andmeanings.Pickupthethreadofhistoryatitsmostdistantendandyouhavecancerthecrab—sonamedeitherbecauseoftheramifyingvenousprocessesspreadingoutfromatumororbecauseitspainislikethepinchofacrab’sclaw.Premoderncancerisalump,aswellingthatsometimesbreaksthroughtheskininulcerationsproducingfoul-smellingdischarges.TheancientEgyptiansknewaboutmanytumorsthathadabadoutcome,andtheGreeksmadeadistinctionbetweenbenigntumors(oncos)andmalignantones(carcinos).InthesecondcenturyA.D.,Galenreckonedthatthecausewassystemic,aneGcessofmelancholyorblackbile,oneofthebody’sfour“humors,”broughtonbybaddietandenvironmentalcircumstances.Ancientmedicalpractitionerssometimescuttumorsout,buttheprognosiswasknowntobegrim.Describingtumorsofthebreast,anEgyptianpapyrusfromabout1600B.C.concluded:
“Thereisnotreatment.”
TheeGperienceofcancerhasalwaysbeenterrible,but,untilmoderntimes,itsmarkontheculturehasbeenlight.Inthepast,fearcoagulatedaroundotherwaysofdying:
infectiousandepidemicdiseases(plague,smallpoG,cholera,typhus,typhoidfever);
“apopleGies”(whatwenowcallstrokesandheartattacks);
and,mostnotablyinthenineteenthcentury,“consumption”(tuberculosis).Theagonizingmannerofcancerdeathwasdreaded,butthatfearwasnotcentrallysituatedinthepublicmind—asitnowis.ThisisonereasonthatthemedicalhistorianRoyPorterwrotethatcanceris“themoderndiseasepareGcellence,”andthatMukherjeecallsit“thequintessentialproductofmodernity.”
Atonetime,itwasthoughtthatcancerwasa“diseaseofcivilization,”belongingtomuchthesamecausaldomainas“neurasthenia”anddiabetes,theformeranervousweaknessbelievedtobebroughtaboutbythestressofmodernlifeandthelatteraconditionproducedbybaddietandindolence.Intheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,somephysiciansattributedcancer—notablyofthebreastandtheovaries—topsychologicalandbehavioralcauses.WilliamBuchan’swildlypopulareighteenth-centuryteGt“DomesticMedicine”judgedthatcancersmightbecausedby“eGcessivefear,grief,religiousmelancholy.”Inthenineteenthcentury,referencewasrepeatedlymadetoa“cancerpersonality,”and,insomeversions,specificallytoseGualrepression.AsSusanSontagobserved,cancerwasconsideredshameful,nottobementioned,evenobscene.AmongtheRomanticsandtheVictorians,sufferinganddyingfromtuberculosismightbeconsideredabadgeofrefinement;
cancerdeathwasnothingofthesort.“Itseemsunimaginable,”Sontagwrote,“toaestheticize”cancer.
41.Accordingtothepassage,theancientEgyptians.
A.calledcancerthecrab
B.wereabletodistinguishbenigntumorsandmalignantones
C.foundoutthecauseofcancer
D.knewaboutalotofmalignanttumors
42.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecancersofthepastisbestsupportedbythepassage?
A.Ancientpeopledidnotlivelongenoughtobecomepronetocancer
B.Inthepast,peopledidnotfearcancer
C.Cancerdeathmightbeconsideredabadgeofrefinement
D.Somephysiciansbelievedthatonesownbehavioralmodecouldleadtocancer
43.Whichofthefollowingisthereasonforcancertobecalled“themoderndisease”?
A.Moderncancercareisveryeffective
B.Thereisalotmorecancernow
C.Peopleunderstandcancerinradicallynewwaysnow
D.Thereisasharpincreaseinmortalityinmoderncancerworld
44.“Neurasthenia”anddiabetesarementionedbecause.
A.theyareasfatalascancer
B.theywereconsideredtobe“diseaseofcivilization”
C.peopledreadthemverymuch
D.theyarebroughtbythehighpressureofmodernlife
45.Assuggestedbythepassage,withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostlikelyagree?
A.Thecareandmanagementofcancerhavedevelopmentovertime
B.Theculturalsignificanceofcancershiftsindifferenttimes
C.Cancersidentityhasneverchanged
D.Canceristhepricepaidformodernlife
PassageTwo
IfyouhappenedtobewatchingNBConthefirstSundaymorninginAugustlastsummer,youwouldhaveseensomethingcurious.There,onthesetofMeetthePress,thehost,DavidGregory,wasinterviewingaguestwhomadeaforcefulcasethattheU.S.economyhadbecome“verydistorted.”Inthewakeoftherecession,thisguesteGplained,high-incomeindividuals,largebanks,andmajorcorporationshadeGperienceda“significantrecovery”;
therestoftheeconomy,bycontrast—includingsmallbusinessesand“averysignificantamountofthelaborforce”—wasstuckandstillstruggling.Whatwewereseeing,heargued,wasnotasingleeconomyatall,butrather“fundamentallytwoseparatetypesofeconomy,”increasinglydistinctanddivergent.
Thisdiagnosis,thoughalarming,washardlyunique:
drawingattentiontothedividebetweenthewealthyandeveryoneelsehaslongbeenstandardfareontheleft.(Theideaof“twoAmericas”wasacentralthemeofJohnEdwards’s20GGand20GGpresidentialruns.)Whatmadetheargumentstrikinginthisinstancewasthatitwasbeingofferedbynoneotherthantheformerfive-termFederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspan:
iconiclibertarian,preem
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 实用 参考 北京大学 博士 英语考试 试题 解析