学年高中英语Module3TheViolenceofNaturePeriodThreeGrammarampWriting课时作业外研版必修3Word格式文档下载.docx
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学年高中英语Module3TheViolenceofNaturePeriodThreeGrammarampWriting课时作业外研版必修3Word格式文档下载.docx
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3.疑问结构:
had+主语+beendone+其他成分;
疑问词+had+主语+beendone+其他成分
二、过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况:
1.表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作,常与by,before等引导的时间状语连用。
Bythetimehegottotheschool,thefirstperiodhad_been_finished.
当他赶到学校的时候,第一节课已经上完了。
Theclassroomhad_been_cleanedbeforetheteachercame.
在老师到来之前,教室已经被打扫了。
Howmanybuildingshad_been_destroyedwhenthehurricaneended?
飓风结束的时候,有多少座大楼被毁了?
2.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时。
Heheardthattheticketshadalreadybeen_sold_out.
他听说票已售完。
Themediareportedmorethan1,000peoplehad_been_killedinthehurricane.
媒体报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。
3.根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态,用过去完成时。
Astheassignmenthad_been_done,hewentontosearchsomeinformationontheInternet.
因为作业已经完成,他上网查阅一些资料。
Hedidwhathehad_been_toldto.
他是按要求做的。
[题组训练1]
(1)选词填空
①Thetoysweresolovelythattheywere_sold(hadbeensold/weresold)innotime.
②Howlonghad_they_known(hadtheyknown/havetheyknown)eachotherbeforetheygotmarried?
③Attheendofthemeeting,itwasannouncedthatanagreementhad_been_reached(hadreached/hadbeenreached).
④Wehave_not_seen(havenotseen/hadnotseen)eachotheruptonowsinceIleft(hadleft/left)myhometown.
⑤WhenIgotupthismorning,Ifoundthattherainhad_stopped(hadstopped/stopped)andthesunwasshinning.
(2)高考变式
Experimentsofthiskindhad_been_conducted(conduct)inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.(2011·
北京,21)
间接引语
英语中常用两种方式引用别人的话。
一种是直接引述别人的原话,把它放在引号内,叫直接引语;
另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。
Shesaid,“I’madentist.”
她说:
“我是牙医。
”(直接引语)
→Shesaidthat_she_was_a_dentist.
她说她是牙医。
(间接引语)
如果把直接引语变为间接引语,我们要记住“六变”。
从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的改变。
其变动的一般规则如下表所示:
变化项目
在直接引语中
在间接引语中
人称变化(人称代词和物主代词)
第一人称
第三人称
第二人称
第一人称或第三人称
第三人称(不变)
时态变化
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时(不变)
一般将来时
过去将来时
can(现在时)
could(过去时)
may(现在时)
might(过去时)
must(现在时)
hadto(过去时)
指示代词
this
that
these
those
时间状语
now
then
Today
thatday
Tonight
thatnight
thisweek/month...
thatweek/month...
Yesterday
thedaybefore
threedays/months...ago
threedays/months...before
tomorrow
thenext(following)day
nextweek/month...
thenext(following)week/month...
地点状语
here
there
方向性动词
come
go
bring
take
注意:
(1)在人称变化项目中,如果主句的主语是第一人称,则从句的主语无需变化;
如果主句的主语是第三人称,则从句的主语常有上表所示变化。
Isay,“Youareright.”
→Isaythatyouareright.
Shesays,“Heisgoingtomorrow.”
→Shesaysthatyouare(heis)goingtomorrow.
(2)时态不变的特殊情况如下:
①直接引语是客观真理时。
Hesaid,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”
→Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.
②当直接引语中有具体的过去时间作状语时,间接引语仍然用一般过去时。
said,“IwasborninChinainSeptember,1972.”
→saidthathewas_borninChinain_September,1972.
③当直接引语是过去完成时态时。
Shesaid,“TheyhadleftwhenIarrivedthere.”
→Shesaidthattheyhad_leftwhenshearrivedthere.
④当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时或一般将来时时。
Shesays,“MissLiuisgoodatEnglish.”
→ShesaysthatMissLiuisgoodatEnglish.
⑤当直接引语表示的是谚语或名人名言时。
Hesaid,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”
→Hesaidwhere_there_is_a_will,there_is_a_way.
⑥当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时。
Hesaid,“Theplanetakesoffat6:
30am.”
→Hesaidthattheplanetakes_offat6:
30am.
(3)如在当天转述别人说过的话,时间状语可不变;
如果在当地转述,地点状语和动词(come)也不必改变。
Hesaid,“I’llbebacktonight.”
→Hesaidthathewillbebacktonight.
(4)句型变化
△直接引语为疑问句时句型的变化
直接引语为疑问句时,变为间接引语除注意在人称、时态和状态等方面作相应变化外,还应注意:
①间接引语应改用陈述语序。
②特殊疑问句的疑问词应保留。
③一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句在变为间接引语时要用连词whether(或if)。
Heasked,“You’vealreadyfinishedyourhomework,haven’tyou?
→Heaskedif/whetherwehadalreadyfinishedourhomework.
△直接引语为祈使句时的变化
当直接引语为祈使句时,变间接引语时主句的谓语动词应根据直接引语的口气换用ask,invite,advise,warn,tell,order等词,而原直接引语中的谓语动词则变为不定式。
Hesaidtome,“Don’tbelatetomorrow.”
→Hetoldmenottobelatethenextday.
Theofficialsaid,“Getreadybeforelunch.”
→Theofficialorderedustogetreadybeforelunch.
[题组训练2]
(1)将下列直接引语变为间接引语
①Theteachersaidtous,“WewillhaveanEnglishtestnextSaturday.”
The_teacher_told_us_that_we_would_have_an_English_test_the_next_Saturday.
②Iaskedher,“Doyouliveintheschool?
I_asked_her_whether/if_she_lived_in_the_school.
③Heaskedtheboy,“Whywereyoulateagain?
He_asked_the_boy_why_he_had_been_late_again.
④Hesaidtome,“Shutthewindow,please.”
He_asked_me_to_shut_the_window.
⑤Thedoctorsaidtome,“Don’tdrinktoomuch.”
The_doctor_told_me_not_to_drink_too_much.
①Itisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.(2014·
山东,7)
②Somepeoplebelievewhateverhashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.(2014·
北京,33)
③Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhewas_coming(come)untilyesterday.(2014·
重庆,8)
Ⅰ.将下列句子变为被动语态
1.Theyhadbuiltfortyfactoriesby1990.
Forty_factories_had_been_built_(by_them)_by_1990.
2.Wehadlearned1,500Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.
1,500_English_words_had_been_learned_(by_us)_by_the_end_of_last_term.
3.Theyhadcaughtathief.
A_thief_had_been_caught_(by_them).
4.Theyhadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.
He_had_been_considered_to_be_a_great_leader_(by_them).
5.Hecameandtoldusthathehadfinishedthework.
He_came_and_told_us_that_the_work_had_been_finished.
6.Whenshecamebackhome,shefoundthatsomeonehadbrokenintoherhouse.
When_she_came_back_home,she_found_that_her_house_had_been_broken_into.
Ⅱ.将下列直接引语变为间接引语
1.“Myparentsareverywell,”saidTom.
Tom_said_(that)_his_parents_were_very_well.
2.Heaskedher,“Whereareyougoing?
He_asked_her_where_she_was_going.
3.“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed,”Mothersaidtome.
Mother_told_me_that_a_friend_in_need_is_a_friend_indeed.
4.“Youmustdoitrightnow,”thebosssaidtohissecretary.
The_boss_told_his_secretary_that_she_had_to_do_it_right_now.
5.Theteacherasked,“Areyouwaitingforthebus?
The_teacher_asked_whether/if_I_was_waiting_for_the_bus.
6.“I’llhavetostayinthelabuntiltomorrow,”myfathersaid.
My_father_said_(that)_he_would_have_to_stay_in_the_lab_until_the_next_day.
7.“Howlonghaveyouworkedinthecompany?
”heaskedme.
He_asked_me_how_long_I_had_worked_in_the_company.
8.Shesaid,“By9o’clocklastnightI’dfinishedmyhomework.”
She_said_(that)_by_9_o’clock_the_night_before_she_had_finished_her_homework.
9.“WillMr.Chencometogiveusalecturenextweek?
”IaskedSara.
I_asked_Sara_whether/.
10.“DoyouhaveanythinginterestingIcanread,George?
”shesaid.
She_asked_George_if_he_had_anything_interesting_she_could_read.
PardTwo Writing
写作目标
Writingaboutanaturalevent
常用句式
1.事件名称
disaster;
earthquake;
flood;
volcaniceruption;
drought(干旱);
abigfire;
tsunami;
thunderstorm;
typhoon;
hurricane;
sandstorm,etc.
2.表示发生
(1)Abigfirebrokeout...
(2)Anearthquakehit/struck/shocked/happenedin/occurredinthedistrict.
3.表示起因
(1)Thecauseofthefirewascarelessness.
(2)Thefirewasduetothefactthatsomeonedroppedalightedcigarette.
4.表示财产损失
词汇:
cause/suffergreatlosses;
damage;
inruins;
missing;
burndown;
washaway;
blowaway;
cutoff
句式:
(1)...causedgreatdamageto...
(2)Aftertheearthquake,water,gasandelectricitywereallcutoff.
(3)Thebigfloods,whichoccurredin1998,causedgreatlosses.
5.表示人员伤亡
getkilled;
injure;
loseone’slife
TensofthousandsofpeoplelosttheirpreciouslifeowingtothestrongearthquakeinSichuanprovince.
6.表示过程与处理
sendhospital;
callinthepolice;
callforadoctor
(1)Thefirelastedabouttwohoursandwasfinallyputoutintheafternoon.
(2)Fortunately,theinjuredpeopleweresenttohospitalwithoutdelay.
典例展示
假如你是校报的学生记者,请你根据下列内容写一篇关于2011年日本地震的报道。
题目为“ASevereEarthquake”。
时间:
2011年3月11日
地点:
日本
受灾情况:
1.一万多人遇难,两万多人失踪;
2.地震引发海啸(tsunami)与核泄露(anuclearpowerstationexplosion);
3.引发很多问题:
电力供应短缺,还出现饮用水安全危机……
经济损失:
估计超过2000亿美元
参考词汇:
救援队rescueteam;
估计estimate
联想词汇
1.造成损失cause/do_damage_to
2.根据according_to
3.更糟糕的是what’s_worse/to_make_things/matters_worse/worse_still
4.增加某人的恐慌add_to_one’s_panic
5.导致lead_to/result_in
6.某人不适合干某事.
7.随着时间的推移as_days_pass_by/with_days_passing_by
8.据估计as_is_estimated/be_estimated_to
范文展示
ASevereEarthquake
AhugeearthquakehitJapanonMarch11,2011,sendingahightsunami,causinggreatdamagetopeopletotherecentreport,morethan10,000werekilledandover20,000werewasworse,therewasanuclearpowerstationexplosion,whichaddedtopeople’spanic.
ThoughlotsofcountriesincludingChinasentmanyrescueteamstohelptheJapanese,theywerestillinunexpecteddisasterresultedinplentyofproblems,suchastheshortageofelectricity,thenu
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