阅读理解A.docx

阅读理解A.docx

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阅读理解A

阅读理解A

1、Childlabor,theemploymentofchildreninindustry,oftenagainsttheirwill,hasbeenaproblemformanyyears.

Overahundredyearsago,CharlesDickensshockedmanyofhisreaderswhenhedescribedtheconditionsunderwhichyoungchildrenworkedinBritishfactories.TheconditionsDickensdescribedcontinuealmostunchangedtodayinmanypartsoftheworld.Theonlydifferenceisthattodayemploymentofchildrenisconfinedtosmallindustriesandfamilybusinesses,suchashotels,restaurantsandparticularlyfarms,ratherthantolargefactories.

Girlssuffermorefromchildlaborpracticesthanboys.Manyofthemareforcedtostartworkwhentheyareonlytenyearsold.Althoughtheworktheyaregiventodoisoftenlight,itisoftenharmfultotheirhealth.Recently,childrenasyoungassixyearswerefoundtobeworkinginAsianfactories,andthechildrenwereworkingfromeighttofourteenhoursadayinovercrowdedandunhealthyworkingconditions.Sometimesawholefamilygroupisemployed,withthepaymentgoingtoaparentorolderrelative.Thechildrennotonlyreceivenothingorverylittlefortheirlonghoursofwork,butalsotheyarepreventedfromattendingschools.Therefore,whentheybecomeoldertheyareunabletodoanyotherkindofwork.

Thesolutiontotheproblemofchildlabourisclearlybetterlawstoprotectyoungchildren,greatersupervisionofindustryandheavierfinesforthosewhobreakthelaws.Onlyinthiswaycanyoungboysandgirlsbeallowedtoenjoythemostvaluabletimeoftheirlives-childhood.

（1）、Theconditionsunderwhichyoungchildrenwork______.

A：

haveimprovedsinceahundredyearsago

B：

areevenworsethanthoseahundredyearsago

C：

aresimilartothoseahundredyearsago

D：

areexactlythesameasthoseahundredyearsago

答案：

C

（2）、Girls'workis______.

A：

notharmfultothehealththoughitisheavy

B：

notharmfultothehealthbecauseitislight

C：

harmfultothehealththoughitislight

D：

harmfultothehealthbecauseitisheavy

答案：

C

（3）、Youngchildrengotowork______.

A：

becausetheyareforcedto

B：

inordertobeskilfulinacertainkindofwork

C：

inordertoearnmoneyforeducation

D：

inordertobepaidwell

答案：

A

（4）、Tosolvetheproblemofchildlabour,thewritersuggests______.

A：

punishinglawbreakerswithsevererfines,improvingchildren'sworkingconditions,andconfiningemploymentofchildrentolightindustries

B：

improvinglawsofprotectingchildren'sinterests,lookingoverfactoriesmoreclosely,andpunishinglawbreakerswithsevererfines

C：

improvinglawsofprotectingchildren'sinterests,givingthemlighterwork,andraisingtheirpayment

D：

confiningemploymentofchildrentosmallindustriesandfamilybusinesses,lookingoverfactoriesmoreclosely,andimprovingthesystemofeducation

答案：

B

（5）、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardchildlabor?

A：

indifferent

B：

disapproving

C：

supportive

D：

admiring

答案：

B

2、Afteralongperiodofstudies,scientistsareuncoveringsurprisingnewfindingsaboutdolphins.Theybelievethatdolphinsdo"talk"toeachother,whistling"names"amongthemselvesandothersintheirgroup.Theyhelponeanotherwhenintrouble.Likebats,theyusesoundwavesto"see".Becauseoftheseandmanyotherfindings,manyscientistsnowplacedolphinsamongthecleverestanimalsonearth.

Dolphinslovetomimic.Ifweswimonourbacks,theydotoo.Ifwedive,theyfollow.Onceatrainerblewapuffofcigarettesmokeagainstthewindowofanobservationtank,ayoungdolphinsuddenlyswamtoitsmother,nursedamoment,andspitoutacloudofmilk.Itisevenmoresurprisingthatdolphinsareabletounderstandsignlanguage.OneofHerman'sdolphinshasmasteredmorethan50signwords.Forexample,itunderstandsthedifferencebetween"bringthesurfboardtotheperson"and"bringthepersontothesurfboard."

Scientistsarelearninghowdolphins"speak"toeachother."Eachdolphin,"saysPeterGyack"hasitsown'signature'whistle."Dolphincanalsomimicthesignatureofothers.

Dolphinshelponeanother.Whenbirth-givingtakesplace,femalesgathertokeepoffsharks.Later,whilethemotherlooksforfood,theytakecareoftheyoungdolphin,swimminginacircle.

Dolphinsreachouttousinastonishingways.Whatwouldtheworldbelikewithoutthem?

（1）、Tothebestofourknowledge,dolphinsare______.

A：

surprisingfish

B：

interestinganimals

C：

intelligentmammals

D：

man'sfriends

答案：

C

（2）、Inthesecondparagraph,"nursed"means______.

A：

broughtthemothersomethingtoeat

B：

suckedmilkfromthemotherdolphin

C：

askedtobetakencareof

D：

gavesomemilktoher

答案：

B

（3）、Whatwastheyoungdolphindoingwhenitsuddenlyspitoutacloudofmilk?

Itwas______.

A：

havingalittlefun

B：

divingintothedeepsea

C：

playing"smoking"

D：

copying"smoking"

答案：

D

（4）、Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkismorereasonable?

A：

Wearestillintheearlystageoflearningabouttheseanimals.

B：

Wehavelittledifficultyinunderstandingdolphins.

C：

Manwillbeabletotalkfreelytodolphinsinthenearfuture.

D：

Signlanguageistheonlywaytomakedolphinsunderstandus.

答案：

A

（5）、What'sthepurposeoffemaledolphins'swimminginacircle?

A：

Theyoungdolphinneedsfriendstoplaywith.

B：

Theyoungdolphincanplaysafelyinside.

C：

Themotherwillhelpthemtolearnswimminginacircle.

D：

Themotherwillbefreetomeetthefather.

答案：

B

3、Regularchildcareprovidedoutsidehomeorbysomeoneotherthanthemotherdoesnotinitselfunderminehealthyemotionalconnectionsbetweenmothersandtheir15-month-oldinfants,accordingtoalong-termnationalstudy.Thefindingholdsevenifcarebeginsduringthefirst3monthsafterbirthandrunsfor30hoursormoreperweek.

Amonginfantswhoreceiveunkindandunresponsivecarefromtheirmothers,however,themother-childrelationshipmaybedamaged."Thisresearchhelpsusputapartcomplexitiesregardingchildcarethathavenotpreviouslybeenstudiedindetail,"contendsJayBelsky,apsychologist.

Theinvestigationconsistsof1,153childrenandtheirfamilieslivinginornearBoston.Theyoungsters,nomorethan1montholdwhentheyenteredthestudyin1991,willbetrackeduntiltheageof7.Experimentersadministeredquestionnairestomothersintheirhomesandvideotapedbabycaretakersinteractingwiththekidsatages1,6and15months.Independentobserversratedthequalityofeachchildcareeffortsandnotedinfantnervousness.Unlikemostpreviousstudies,thisoneallowsresearcherstoobserveeachcaretaker'spersonalityatchildnursing,andkids'emotionalreactionsbytheequipment.

（1）、Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthat______.

A：

mothercareisthebestaccordingtoanationalstudy

B：

childcareoutsidehomeisthebestinaccordancewiththestudy

C：

regularchildcareoutsidehomemayplayaroleasamother

D：

connectionsbetweenmothersandinfantsaredamagedbyoutsidecare

答案：

C

（2）、Accordingtothepassage,unresponsivecarefromamothermay______.

A：

ruinakid'sgrowth

B：

harmthemother-childtie

C：

hurtababy'semotionalreaction

D：

spoilachild'spersonality

答案：

B

（3）、JayBelskyimpliesthatthestudyofchildcare______.

A：

wasnevercarriedoutinthepast

B：

wasnotmuchdoneindetailinthepast

C：

wasgreatlyignoredbypsychologistsandresearchers

D：

wasinterestingbutverydifficulttomakediscovery

答案：

B

（4）、Themaindifferencebetweentheinvestigationandthepreviousonesisthat______.

A：

theresearchersstartedwithonlyonemontholdinfants

B：

theobserverscouldratethequalityofchildcareeffortsandanalyzedthemsoon

C：

theresearcherswereabletogivethequestionnairestomothersintheirhomes

D：

videoequipmentenabledresearcherstoobservewhatwashappeningdirectly

答案：

D

（5）、WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEoftheinvestigation?

A：

Itwilllastatleast7years.

B：

Cooperationfromthemothersisalsonecessary.

C：

Someindependentobserversplayapart.

D：

Researcherspaidsitevisitstoseeacaretaker'spersonalityandkids'emotionalreactions.

答案：

D

4、Ifyou'relikemostjobseekers,thehiringprocesscansometimesmakeyouscratchyourheadinconfusion.Forexample,howmanytimeshaveyoucomeacrossthe"perfect"position,quicklysubmittedyourrésumé（简历）andeagerlyanticipatedthehiringmanager'scall...onlytohearnothingfromthecompany?

It'simportanttoknowthetwoquestionshiringmanagersaskthemselveswhenevaluatingrésumé.Byunderstandingpotentialemployers'thoughtprocesses,youcancraftstrongerapplicationmaterials.

1．Cantheapplicantfillmyneed?

Afterall,afirmlookingtohireacomputerprogrammerisn'tgoingtocallyouforaninterviewifyouonlyhaveabackgroundinhumanresources.Butevenifyoupossessthenecessaryexperience,ifyourrésuméisn'ttargetedtothespecificcompanyandopening,yourqualificationscouldseemequallyunrelated.

Tailoringyourrésumétothepositioninvolvespositioningyourskillsandexperienceinawaythatshowsthehiringmanagerthatyouaretherightoneforthejob.Soyoushouldlookateachopeningandcreateacorrespondingrésumé.

2．Willtheapplicantremainwithmyfirmforthelongterm?

Thehiringprocessislengthy,complicatedandexpensive.Becauseofthat,hiringmanagersseekemployeeswhoarenotlikelytoleavethecompanysoonafteracceptinganoffer.They'lllooktoyourrésuméforproofofastableworkhistory.

Ifyouhavejob-hoppedinthepast,considersubmittingafunctional,ratherthanachronological（按时间顺序排列的）résumé.Afunctionalrésuméisorganizedaroundyourskills,experiencesandaccomplishments,notthespecificrolesyouhaveheldatvariouspointsinyour