高中英语名词从句复习概要Word格式.docx
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高中英语名词从句复习概要Word格式.docx
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动词的过去分词
(4)It
不及物动词
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)
+do”,常用的句型有:
It
necessary
(important,
natural,
strange,
etc.)
that
…
pity
(a
shame,
no
wonder,
that…
suggested
(requested,
proposed,
desired,
that…
2.宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
由连接词that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
①He
told
me
go
Shanghai
tomorrow.
他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
②We
must
never
think
(that)
we
are
good
in
everything
while
others
innothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。
注意:
在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,
desire,
demand,
request,
command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+
动词原形”。
①I
insist
she
(should)
do
her
work
alone.
我坚持要她自己工作。
②The
commander
ordered
troops
set
off
at
once.
司令员命令部队马上出发。
2.应注意从句语序要用陈述语序。
(与特殊疑问句不同如Whathashetoldyou?
)
want
know
what
you.
我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She
always
thinks
of
can
well.
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
③She
give
whoever
needs
help
warm
support.
凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予
热情的支持。
3.
用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。
此外,whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:
a.
引导主语从句并在句首时;
b.
引导表语从句时;
c
.
引导从句作介词宾语时;
d.
从句后有“or
not”时;
e.
后接动词不定式时。
①
Whether
there
life
on
moon
an
interesting
question.
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
②
Everything
depends
whether
have
enough
money.
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
4.
注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。
studies
every
day.
(从句用一般现在时)
studied
last
term.
(从句用一般过去时)
I
study
next
year.
(从句用一般将来时)
since
1998.
(从句用现在完成时)
当主句动词是过去时态(could,
would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;
当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
The
teacher
Tom
had
left
for
America.
5(略).
think,
believe,
imagine,
suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。
即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
We
don’t
you
here.
我们认为你不在这。
believe
so.
我相信他不会这样做。
3.表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as
if引导。
其基本结构为:
主语
系动词
that从句。
①The
fact
lost
game.
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
②That
why
didn’t
come
meeting.
那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
③It
looks
as
it
going
rain.
看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。
reason
was
late
missed
train
by
one
minute
this
morning
四.同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1.同位语从句的功能
1.同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如:
1)Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.
2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.
2.whethereg:
Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor
3.连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which
1).Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears
2).Ihavenoideawhichwineisbest—it’samatterofpersonaltaste.
3).Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.
2.同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。
HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.
3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时又在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语或表语),而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分。
(2)定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述先行词的性质或特征;
同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。
)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语)
2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。
)(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分)
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面
考点1:
A:
与
what的区别
What
can’t
get
seems
better
than
.
That
new
our
school
true
that只起连接作用,无意义,在从句中不充当任何成分
既有连接作用,
又要在从句中作成分(
主语,宾语,
表语)(按句意
灵活翻译)
Fill
blanks
using
that
/
what
1).A
computer
only
_____you
instructed
do
2).
_____
said
so
made
angry
B
:
(什么)
which
(
表从指定范围中选择,
哪一个)
1.---Do
know________Mr
Black’s
address
?
---He
may
live
No.
18
or
19
Bridge
Street.
I’m
sure
_________.
2.I
read
about
some
book
other,
does
matter
_______
was?
考点2.
考查whether与if的区别
a.主语从句、表语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether,
不能用if
;
①._____
we’ll
camping
tomorrow
weather.
A.
If
B.
C.
D.
Where
havent
settled
question
___
him
tostudy
abroad.
where
himself
present
meeting.
b.后面紧跟or
not时,
用whether
④He
asked
could
with
him.
考点3.选择填空(what,
whatever,
who,
whoever)
一般说来,
(1)
what类词(who/
which/
whom/
when/
where/
how):
有疑问意义,表示特指概念,
充当成分。
(2)whatever类词
(whoever/
whichever/
whomever/
whenever/
wherever):
有意义,“凡是…
的,无论…的,所有…的”),无疑问意义,表示泛指概念;
相当于anyone
anything
any
that/
time
place
where
①.___
makes
shop
different
offers
more
personal
services.
Who
Whatever
Whoever
②---
Could
favour?
---
____
is.
whichever
whatever
These
wild
flowers
special
would
save
them.
whatever
④Eat
cake
like
and
leave
comes
late.
any;
who
every;
whichever;
either;
whoever
考点
4
:
it作形式主语,
形式宾语的用法
He
make
clear
when
meeting
held.
these
I
autumn
weather
bright.
one
考点5考查名词性从句的语序问题(从句一定用陈述语序)
①他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。
How
successful
still
puzzle.
F
)
T
②No
_________
million
years.A.
man
look
like
likeC.
whatD.
like
考点6.
考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题should+do
1.动词:
一个坚持(
insist);
两个命令(
order,
command);
三项要求(demand,
require,
request);
四条建议(suggest,
propose,
advise,
recommend)
后接that宾语从句中,及it
v.–ed
that的主语从句中
2.以上动词的名词
(insistence,
command,
requirement,
suggestion,
proposal,
advice,
recommendation
)所接的表语从句中
3.在
“It
adj.(
important,
necessary,
urgent,
essential…)
that主语从句”中
4.在
(about/
high)
that主语从句中谓语did/shoulddo
1.---Don’t
Miami
but
New
York?
---I
agree,
problem
refused
to.
sent;
thatB.
that
should
send;
2.Janes
pale
face
___ill,
parents
medical
examination.
be;
was;
has
考点7、“介词
whom
”引导的定语从句与“介词
+who(m)
”引导的宾语从句的区别
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾语,决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。
①It
take
position.
whoeverC.
whomever
解析:
答案为A项。
由于这里的引导词在从句中作主语,所以要用主格who
(作宾语时自然要用whom
)。
比较下例:
②Our
country
thousands
excellent
scientists,most
received
higher
education
home.
这是一个“介词
关系代词”引导的定语从句。
引导定语从句的是“
most
关系代词”,而不只是这个关系代词,同时这个引导词又作介词of的宾语,所以要用宾格whom
三年高考英语单选题分类汇编之名词性从句
limits
person’s
intelligence,
generally
speaking,
fixed
birth,
________he
reaches
depend
his
environment.
2.
means
president
end
strike.
What
3.Jerry
did
regret
giving
comment
felt
______
expressed
differently.
Whether
4.We
promise
attends
party
chance
photo
taken
movie
star.
WhoB.
Whomever
5.As
many
five
courses
provided,
free
choose
suits
best.
C.
6.It
doesn’t
pay
cash
credit
card
store.
7.Everyone
village
very
friendly.
lived
short
long
time.
When
turn
right
crossing—both
roads
lead
park.
B.
when
9.It
suddenly
occurred
keys
office.
10.The
newcomer
went
library
other
day
searched
find
Mark
Twain.
wherever
however
11.Scientists
human
brains
computers.
whether
12
.The
shocking
news
realize
________
terrible
problems
face.
A.
whatB.
13.
message
intend
convey
through
words
the
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