新概念英语第三册课堂笔记第14课docWord文件下载.docx
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新概念英语第三册课堂笔记第14课docWord文件下载.docx
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protectorn.保护者
protegen.被保护者
★promptly
adv.准时地
IgivehimaringandhecallmebackpromptlyHewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.
ontime准时/intime即时
punctuallyadv.守时地
★destroy
v.毁掉;
消灭
destroyn.强盗毁灭,消灭,完全的摧毁
Theearthquakedestroyedthecity./Youdestroyedhisdream.
damagen.v.强调受损水准不很严重,能够被修复Thebigclockwasdamaged.breakv.n.强调弄坏,弄断
Twoofthestringswerebroken.
spoilv.强调把事情搅和了
spoiltheparty;
spoiltheholiday
★remarkable
adj.不寻常的
remarkableadj.:
unusual;
uncommon;
extraordinary
aremarkableevent不同寻常的事件;
anextraordinaryevent
outstandingadj.突出的,杰出的,卓越的
Ourheadmasterisanoutstandingyouth.
distinguishedadj.杰出的,卓越的,不同非凡的eminentadj.显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的
adistinguishedphysicist;
aneminentsurgeon;
aneminentjudge
adistinguishedlayer
well-knownadj.强调众所周知的
famousadj.因卓越的贡献和成绩而流芳百世的
Sheiswell-knowninthemusicalworld/Thisiswell-known
fact.
Heisafamousmoviestar./Luxunisfamousforhisarticles.
notoriousadj.臭明昭著的,臭名远扬的;
befamousforbadthings
Hitlerisnotorious.
infamousadj.身名狼藉的
renownedadj.某人或某事以其独特的品质、个性而闻名
Hangzhouisrenownedfor...
★hand
n.帮,
团伙
abandofrobbers
mobn.
表示贬义色彩的团伙、帮派;
amobofhooligans
一伙
流氓
gangn.一伙;
agangofthieves
nestn.窝;
anestofbandits
packn.团伙、帮派;
apackofhoodlums
★Florence
n.佛罗伦萨(意大利城市)
★city-state
n.(古代)城邦
★hire
v.租出,雇给
hire;
rent;
let;
employ
hireout;
rentout租给
Doesthisfirmhireoutcars?
rentout租给,雇给;
主要强调出租房屋
Herentouthishousetoatourist.
let出租房屋;
lethishouse/Pleaseletyourhousetome.
hirefrom;
renthrom租进来
Hehiredacarfromus/IrentaroomfromMrs.Johnson.
hire指短期雇佣体力劳动者
employ指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者
Weemployedherasouradvisor.
Thefactoryemployed500workers.
Hehiredtwohelpers
★prince
n.君主,诸候★Florentine
n.佛罗伦萨人★funeral
n.葬礼
★dedicate
v.奉献,题献给
dedicateto
Hededicatedhisfirstbooktohismother
dedicate献身,奉献;
比devote更为正式而庄重Idevotemytimetohelpingmystudents.Hededicateshislifetohismotherland.
Hededicatedhislifetoscience.
★memory
n.纪念
Youhaveagoodmemory
inmemoryof/tothememoryof
Ifmymemoryservesmewell,you'
reTom.
★valiantadj.英勇的
braveadj.勇敢的
Theboyisbrave.
Duringwar,soldiersarevaliant.
fearlessadj.大无畏的,无所畏惧的
Wearefearlessintimeofdanger.
courageousadj.有胆量的,有勇气的
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
听录音,然后回答以下问题。
HowdidHaywoodmakeintimesofpeace?
TherewasatinewhentheownersofshopsandbusinessesinChicagothattopaylargesumsofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor'
protection.'
Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,
thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusinessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'
protectionmoney'
isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscovery
thatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.
Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohanHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.HesoonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoneyinthisway.Inspiteofthis,theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.
Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturedwithasdedicatedtothememoryof'
themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue.'
参考译文
以前有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"
保护"
。
如果交款不即时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"
保护金"
并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:
"
人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.
600年前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意
大利各城邦之间打伏,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。
和平时期,当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出,如向他们缴纳保护金,他们便主动撤离。
霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.即使如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。
他80那年死去,佛人他行了国葬,并他画像以念位"
勇无比的士、杰出的袖凡尼.阿托先生."
【文解】
paylargesumsofmoneytosb.
向某人付大笔大笔的用
inreturnfor
目的是了取
----
作⋯⋯的回
Eg.:
Hegavemesomebooksinreturnformyhelp.
when引状从句修time
Therewasatimewhenminiskirtwasinfashion.
promptly:
immediately
putamanoutofbusiness:
使某人失
putsb./sth.outof...使某人失去⋯⋯
Youareputtingmeoutofpatience.
Youhavealreadyputeverythingoutoforder.
putitoutofyourmind
忘件事情吧
bydestroyinghisshop
通⋯⋯手段
Youareputtingmeoutofpatiencebydisturbingme.
obtaining...
obtaining:
getting
aslongagoas追溯回到;
datingbackto
IknewJaneaslongagoastheyear1980.
JohnHawkwood'
sdiscoverywasquiteremarkable
maketheremarkablediscovery做出不同寻常的发现
wouldrather...than...宁愿而不
Hewouldratherdiethansurrender.
Iwouldratherplaytennisthanswim.
wouldprefertodo...thando...
wouldpreferdoing...todoing...
Hewouldprefertodiethansurrender.
Hewouldpreferdyingtosurrendering.
wouldrather:
sooner+that宾语从句(过去式)
Iwouldratherthatyouwerenothere.
IwouldratherthatIdidn'
tseeyou.
Hewouldratherthathedidn'
thearthenews.
lifework毕生的事业
Iwanttohavethetreecutdown.
Sixhundredyearsago...
settlednearFlorence
定居在
Florence
附近
madeanameforhimself
:
becomefamous
Theysoonmadequiteanameforthemselvesaspopsingers.
cometo/getto逐步的
cometobeknown逐步被人所熟知
Icometobeknowntomystudents.
Igottoknowhim
whenever无什么候
atwar交;
atwarwith于⋯⋯交
hire表示出租
who指代prince
hedemanded:
Hawkwooddemanded
intimeofpeace在和平期
marchinto大踏步行
burndown/burnup光/burnout空
wouldoffertogoaway:
wouldpromisetogoaway
Thehousewasburnedoutonly...
inspiteofthis即使如此
Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentopinions.
theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.
givesb.astatefuneralhavesth.done
某人行国葬
Signor
意大利,先生
which指代picture
bededicatedtothememoryofsb.
themostvaliant比的形式
【Specialdifficulties
】
wouldrather,wouldsooner
wouldratherdothando
wouldratherthat(that
宾语从句中要出现动词的过去时)
(1)...
go...
(2)...
left...
省略了that
(3)...
didnotspeak...
(4)...
notspeak...
否定形式结构:
宁愿不做...
"would
rathernotdo
(5)...
settled...
(6)...
didn'
ttell...
【Multiplechoicequestions
b...
premises:
房产
unharmed替代原文的destroy
(2)...b...
他获取自己的名字是依据自己的所作所为
(3)...a...
inthat=because"
因为"
表示一种原因
(4)...a...
段时间——foralongtime(现在完成式)
(5)...c...
preferdoing+to+动名词
(6)...b...
hire:
从某人租得某物
(7)...a...
ifnot:
如果不=unless
provided---条件是...
(8)...c...
介词on和名词death相搭配,表示去世的状态
介词on和动名词搭配,表示一个动作。
"一...就..."
onseeinghim,Iranaway.
(9)...b...
动词的过去分词
(10)..d...
prepared:
心甘情愿的(=willing)
bewillingtodo,bepreparedtodo
agreeable:
宜人的,惬意的
desirable:
吸引人的(=attractive)
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