国际服务贸易外文文献翻译.docx
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国际服务贸易外文文献翻译.docx
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国际服务贸易外文翻译文献
(含:
英文原文及中文译文)
文献出处:
《WorldDevelopment》,2015,12
(1):
35-44.英文原文
Theresearchofinternationalservicetradeandeconomicgrowththeory
ChakrabortyKavin
1 Introduction
Thestudyoftherelationbetweeninternationaltradeandeconomicgrowthisoneofthemostactiveissues.Since1980s,theworldhasbeenintransitionfromnationaleconomyorientatingtowardsnaturalresourcesandmanufacturingindustrytoglobalandregionaleconomyorientatingtowardsinformationresourcesandserviceindustry.AfterthesignatureofGATSin1994,theinstitutionalarrangementsonliberalizingservicetraderesultinaworld-wideinvolvementdivisionandexchangesofservicetrade,anditisundoubtedlythatthepositiveinteractionbetweenservicetradeandinvestmentleadstoeconomicgrowth.Butthetheoreticalresearchonservicetradelagsbehindpractice.
Isitastatisticphenomenonorauniversalruleofeconomicgrowth?
Toapproachtheabovetwoissuesfromtheoreticalandempiricalperspectiveisofgreatvaluetopolicy-making.
Forthepropositionofthat"Internationalservicetradewilldriveeconomicgrowth".Theoreticalanalysisshowsthatalthoughservicetradeisnotadirectinterpretativevariabletoeconomicgrowth,itcaneffecteconomicgrowthindirectlythroughothergrowingfactorsandtechnologyupgrade,butthewaysandmechanismsaredifferentindifferentstages.Inacertainstageofeconomicdevelopment,servicetrade(includinginvestment)willhavestaticanddynamiceffectonfactorssupplyandtechnologyupgradeinonecounty,whichwillleadtothedomesticalterationofresourcesconditionstructure.Itistheenterprisesthatselectindustrystructure,technologystructureandtradestructureaccordingtodynamicalterationwayofcomparativetechnologystructureandtradestructure,whichwillultimatelypromoteevolutionofeconomicgrowthgradually.Sofarasoperationalmechanismofservicetradeandinvestmentisconcerned,servicetradeaffectsfactorssupplyinonecountrybyphysicalcapitalaccumulatingeffect,humancapitaleffect,technologyupgradeeffect,institutionaltransitioneffect,employmenteffectandexternalityoftechnology,theninfluencestheupgradeofindustrialstructure,theupgradeoftechnologicalstructureandthetransitionofmodeofeconomicgrowth.Itisobviousthatdynamiceffectisgreaterthanstaticeffect;thatexternaleffectisplayingmoreimportantrolethaninternaleffect;andthattechnologyspillovereffectofforeigndirectinvestmentinserviceindustryisgreaterthanthatofservicetradeinanarrowsense(includingacross-bordersupply,consumptionabroadandmovementofnaturalperson).
Fortheresearchofmechanismabouthowservicetradedrive
economicgrowth.Firstly,thepaperverifiesthecausalitybetweenservicetradeandeconomicgrowthsconcerningdifferenteconomicbodiesandtherepresentativecountries.Theresultsshowthattherearecausalitiesbetweeninternationalservicetradeandeconomicgrowthinthewholeworld,inthedevelopedcountries,intheUSandinchina.Inthedevelopingcountries,servicetradeistheGrangercauseofeconomicgrowth;Inthewholeworldandthedevelopingcountries,economicgrowthistheGrangercauseofservicetrade;IntheUS,serviceexportistheGrangercauseofeconomicgrowth,andeconomicgrowthistheGrangercauseofserviceimport.Onthisbasis,itisconcludedthattheopeningofserviceindustrywillbenefiteconomicgrowthinonecountry.Secondly,inordertoexploreonhowtheservicetradeandinvestmentactoneconomicgrowth,empiricalstudiesareemployedtoexplainthecaseofUSandthatofChina.TheresultsshowthattheroutesbywhichservicetradeaffectseconomicgrowthintheUScanberowedasfollowsfrommoresignificanttoless:
employmenteffect,humancapitaleffect,physicalcapitaleffect,technologyeffect,institutioneffect.TheresultsofempiricalanalysisofChinacanbesummarizedthat:
theroutesbywhichserviceexportaffectseconomicgrowthcanberowedasfollows:
employmenteffect,physicalcapitaleffect,institutioneffect,humancapitaleffect,technologyeffect;theroutsbywhichserviceimportaffectseconomicgrowthcanberowedasfollows:
technologyeffect,institutioneffect,employmenteffect,humancapitaleffect,physicalcapitaleffect;theroutesbywhichFDIinserviceaffectseconomicgrowthcanberowedasfollows:
technologyeffect,humancapitaleffect,institutioneffect,employmenteffect,physicalcapitaleffect.Moreover,theeffectofFDIinserviceisstrongerthanserviceimport,andtheeffectofserviceimportisstrongerthanserviceexport.
Accordingtotheempiricaltestinthispaper,theconclusioncanbedrawnasfollows:
servicetradeinanarrowsensewillhavestaticanddynamiceffectsonfactorsupplyinonecountrythroughimportandexportofservice,FDIinse
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- 国际 服务 贸易 外文 文献 翻译
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