完整word版英语四级真题一Word下载.docx
- 文档编号:17922114
- 上传时间:2022-12-12
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:10
- 大小:59.73KB
完整word版英语四级真题一Word下载.docx
《完整word版英语四级真题一Word下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《完整word版英语四级真题一Word下载.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Millionsdieearlyfromairpollutioneachyear.Airpollutioncoststheglobaleconomymorethan$5trillionannuallyinwelfarecosts,withthemostserious26occurringinthedevelopingworld.
Thefiguresincludeanumberofcosts27withairpollution。
Lostincomealoneamountsto$225billionayear。
Thereportincludesbothindoorandoutdoorairpollution.Indoorpollution,whichincludes28likehomeheatingandcooking,hasremained29overthepastseveraldecadesdespiteadvancesinthearea。
Levelsofoutdoorpollutionhavegrownrapidlyalongwithrapidgrowthinindustryandtransportation.
DirectorofInstituteforHealthMetricsandEvaluationChrisMurray30itasan“urgentcalltoaction。
”“Oneoftheriskfactorsforprematuredeathsistheairwebreathe,overwhichindividualshavelittle31,”hesaid。
Theeffectsofairpollutionareworstinthedevelopingworld,whereinsomeplaceslost-laborincome32nearly1%ofGDP。
Around9in10peopleinlow—andmiddle-incomecountriesliveinplaceswherethey33experiencedangerouslevelsofoutdoorairpollution.
Buttheproblemisnotlimited34tothedevelopingworld。
ThousandsdieprematurelyintheU。
S.asaresultofrelatedillnesses。
InmanyEuropeancountries,wherediesel(柴油)35havebecomemorecommoninrecentyears,thatnumberreachestensofthousands.
A)abilityI)exclusively
B)associatedJ)innovated
C)consciouslyK)regularly
D)constantL)relates
E)controlM)sources
F)damageN)undermine
G)describedO)vehicles
H)equals
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs。
Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived。
Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter。
AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2。
Food—as—MedicineMovementIsWitnessingProgress
[A]Severaltimesamonth,youcanfindadoctorintheaislesofRalph’smarketinHuntingtonBeach,California,wearingawhitecoatandhelpingpeoplelearnaboutfood。
Ononerecentday,thisdoctorwasDanielNadeau,wanderingthecerealaislewithAllisonScott,givinghersomeideaonhowtofeedkidswhopersistentlyavoidanythingthatishealthy。
“Haveyouthoughtabouttryingfreshjuicesinthemorning?
"
heasksher。
“Thefrozenorangesandapplesarealittlecheaper,andfruitsarereallygoodforthebrain。
Juicesarequickandeasytoprepare,youcantakethefrozenfruitoutthenightbeforeandhaveitreadythenextmorning.”
[B]ScottisdelightedtogetfoodadvicefromaphysicianwhoisprogramdirectorofthenearbyMaryandDickAllenDiabetesCenter,partoftheSt.JosephHoagHealthalliance.Thecenter’s‘ShopwithYourDoc’programsendsdoctorstothegrocerystoretomeetwithanypatientswhosignupfortheservice,plusanyothershopperswhohappentobearoundwithquestions。
[C]Nadeaunoticesthepre—mademacaroni(通心粉)-and-cheeseboxesinScott’sshoppingcartandsuggestssheswitchtowholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese。
“SoI’dhavetomakeit?
sheasks,herenthusiasmfadingatthethoughtofhowlongthatmighttake,justtohaveherkidsrejectit.“I'
mnotsurethey’deatit.Theyjustwon’teatit。
[D]Nadeausayssugarandprocessedfoodsarebigcontributorstotherisingdiabetesratesamongchildren。
“InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood,”Nadeautellsher。
“Andonly5percentofourfoodisplant-basedfood。
Ithinkweshouldtrytoreversethat.”Scottagreestotrymorefruitjuicesforthekidsandtomakerealmacaroniandcheese.Scoreonepointforthedoctor,zerofordiabetes.
[E]NadeauispartofasmallrevolutiondevelopingacrossCalifornia.Thefood—as-medicinemovementhasbeenaroundfordecades,butit’smakingprogressasphysiciansandmedicalinstitutionsmakefoodaformalpartoftreatment,ratherthanrelyingsolelyonmedications(药物)。
Byprescribingnutritionalchangesorlaunchingprogramssuchas‘ShopwithyourDoc’,theyaretryingtoprevent,limitorevenreversediseasebychangingwhatpatientseat.“There’snoquestionpeoplecantakethingsalongwaytowardreversingdiabetes,reversinghighbloodpressure,evenpreventingcancerbyfoodchoices,"
Nadeausays。
[F]Inthebigpicture,saysDr.RichardAfable,CEOandpresidentofST.JosephHoagHealth,medicalinstitutionsacrossthestatearestartingtomakeaphilosophicalswitchtobecomingahealthorganization,notjustahealthcareorganization.ThatfeelingechoesthebeliefsoftheTherapeuticFoodPantryprogramatZuckerbergSanFranciscoGeneralHospital,whichcompleteditspilotphaseandisabouttoexpandonanongoingbasistofiveclinicsitesthroughoutthecity.Theprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensivetraininginhowtocookit。
“Wereallywanttolinkfoodandmedicine,andnotjustgiveawayfood,"
saysDr。
RitaNguyen,thehospital’smedicaldirectorofHealthyFoodInitiatives.“Wewantpeopletounderstandwhatthey’reeating,howtoprepareit,therolefoodplaysintheirlives。
”
[G]InSouthernCalifornia,LomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicineisofferingspecializedtrainingforitsresidentphysiciansinLifestyleMedicine—thatisaformalspecialtyinusingfoodtotreatdisease.Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases,butthatdoesnotmeanthatdietaloneisalwaysthesolution,orthateveryillnesscanbenefitsubstantiallyfromdietarychanges。
Nonetheless,physicianssaythattheylookatthecollectivedataandaclearpictureemerges:
thatthesalt,sugar,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothenation'
shighratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,80percentofdeathsfromheartdiseaseandstrokearecausedbyhighbloodpressure,tobaccouse,elevatedcholesterolandlowconsumptionoffruitsandvegetables.
[H]“It’sadifferentparadigm(范式)ofhowtotreatdisease,”saysDr。
BrendaRea,whohelpsrunthefamilyandpreventivemedicineresidencyprogramatLomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicine。
Thelifestylemedicinespecialtyisdesignedtotraindoctorsinhowtopreventandtreatdisease,inpart,bychangingpatients’nutritionalhabits.ThemedicalcenterandschoolatLomaLindaalsohasafoodcupboardandkitchenforpatients。
Thisway,patientsnotonlylearnaboutwhichfoodstobuy,butalsohowtopreparethemathome.
[I]Manypeopledon'
tknowhowtocook,Reasays,andtheyonlyknowhowtoheatthingsup。
Thatmeansdependingonpackagedfoodwithhighsaltandsugarcontent.Soteachingpeopleaboutwhichfoodsarehealthyandhowtopreparethem,shesays,canactuallytransformapatient’slife.Andbeyondthat,itmighttransformthehealthandlivesofthatpatient’sfamily。
“Whatpeopleeatcanbemedicineorpoison,”Reasays.“Asaphysician,nutritionisoneofthemostpowerfulthingsyoucanchangetoreversetheeffectsoflong—termdisease。
[J]Studieshaveexploredevidencethatdietarychangescanslowinflammation(炎症),forexample,ormakethebodyinhospitabletocancercells。
Ingeneral,manylifestylemedicinephysiciansrecommendaplant-baseddiet—particularlyforpeoplewithdiabetesorotherinflammatoryconditions.
[K]“Aswhathappenedwithtobacco,thiswillrequireaculturalshift,butthatcanhappen,"
saysNguyen。
“Inthesamewayphysiciansusedtosmoke,andthenstoppedsmokingandwereabletotalktopatientsaboutit,Ithinkphysicianscanhaveabiggervoiceinit。
36。
MorethanhalfofthefoodAmericanseatisfactory—produced。
37.Thereisaspecialprogramthatassignsdoctorstogiveadvicetoshoppersinfoodstores.
38。
Thereisgrowingevidencefromresearchthatfoodhelpspatientsrecoverfromvariousillnesses.
39.Ahealthybreakfastcanbepreparedquicklyandeasily。
40.Trainingapatienttopreparehealthyfoodcanchangetheirlife.
41。
Onefood—as—medicineprogramnotonlyprescribesfoodfortreatmentbutteachespatientshowtocookit。
42。
Scottisnotkeenoncookingfoodherself,thinkingitwouldsimplybeawasteoftime.
43.Diabetespatientsareadvisedtoeatmoreplant-basedfood。
44.Usingfoodasmedicineisnonovelidea,butthemovementismakingheadwaythesedays.
45.Americans’highratesofvariousillnessesresultfromthewaytheyeat。
SectionC
Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements。
ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)。
YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Californiahasbeenfacingadroughtformanyyearsnow,withcertainareaseven
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 完整 word 英语四 级真题一
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)