广东省第二师范学院番禺附属中学学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题Word格式文档下载.docx
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广东省第二师范学院番禺附属中学学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题Word格式文档下载.docx
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3.回答第二部分时,用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡指定的答题区域内,
超出答题区域和写在本试卷答案无效。
第I卷(选择题70分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节满分40分)
第一节阅读理解(共15小题;
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TheCoolestInventions
AnOceansVacuum
There’sacollectionofplastictrashinthemiddleofthePacificOcean.It’sbiggerthanTexasandgrowing.Thewaytocleanitupnowistocatchitwithnets.Thatisbothcostlyandslow.Instead,theOceanCleanupProjectproposesa62-mile-longfloatingbarrierthatwouldusenaturalcurrentstotraptrash.Ifnextyear’strialssucceed,afullcleanupoperationwouldaimtostartin2020.Itcouldreducethetrashby42%over10years.
Easy-OnShoes
In2020,MatthewWalzer,ahighschoolstudentwithadisability,sentanotetoNike.“Mydreamistogotocollege,”hewrote,“withouthavingtoworryaboutsomeonecomingtotiemyshoeseveryday.”Nikeassignedadesignteamtothechallenge.Thisyear,theycameoutwiththeirsolution:
theFlyEase.Thebasketballshoecanbefastenedwithonehand.ApairofNikeFlyEaseshoessellsfor$130.
AnAirportforDrones(无人机)
AsAmazon,Google,andothersgetreadyfordronedeliveryservice,thereisonebigquestion:
Whatkindsofhomebaseswilltheirdroneshave?
Rwanda,inAfrica,mayhavetheanswer.There,workerswillsoonstartworkonthree“droneports”.Thegoalistomakeiteasiertotransportfood,medicalsupplies,electronics,andothergoodsthroughthehillycountryside.Constructionissettobecompletedin2020.
1.What’stheadvantageoftheOceansVacuum?
A.Itcanbeamoney-saver.B.Itcangrowyearbyyear.
C.Itcantearplasticintopieces.D.Itcanbeputintowideusesoon.
2.WhatdoweknowaboutNike?
A.Itoffersfreeshoestothedisabled.
B.Itisdesigningnewshoesfrequently.
C.Itprovidescustomer-friendlyservices.
D.ItrespondedtoMatthew’srequestpassively.
3.WhyisRwandasettingup“droneports”?
A.Becausetherearetoomanydrones.
B.Becauseroadtravelthereisrough.
C.Becausethey’reeasiertoconstructthanroads.
D.Becausetheyarereceptivetonewtechnology.
B
IreallylovemyjobbecauseIenjoyworkingwithsmallchildrenandlikethechallengesandawardsfromthejob.Ialsothinkmyworkisimportant.TherewasatimewhenIthoughtIwouldneverhavethatsortofcareer.Iwasn’tanexcellentstudentbecauseIdidn’tdomuchschoolwork.InmyfinaltermIstartedthinkingwhatImightdoandfoundIdidn’thavemuchtooffer.IjustacceptedthatIwasn’tthetypetohaveacareer.
Ithenfoundmyselfajob—lookingaftertwolittlegirls.Itwasn’ttoobadatfirst.ButtheproblemsbeganwhenIagreedtoliveinsothatIwouldbethereifmybosshadtogooutforbusinessintheevening.WeagreedthatifIhadtoworkextrahoursoneweek,she’dgivemetimeoffthenext.Butunfortunately,itdidn’toftenworkout.Iwasgettingextremelytiredandfedup,becauseIhadtoomanylatenightsandearlymorningswiththechildren.
OneSunday,Iwasintheparkwiththechildren,andmetMeganwhousedtogotoschoolwithme.Itoldheraboutmysituation.ShesuggestedthatIshoulddoacourseandgetaqualification(资格证书)ifIwantedtoworkwithchildren.Ididn’tthinkIwouldbeacceptedbecauseIdidn’ttakemanyexamsinschool.Shepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollegeandtheywerereallyhelpful.MyexperiencecountedforalotandIgotonapart-timecourse.Ihadtoleavemyjobwiththefamily,andgotworkhelpingoutatakindergarten.
NowI’vegotafull-timejobthere.IshallalwaysbethankfultoMegan.IwishIhadknownearlierthatyoucouldhaveacareer,evenifyouaren’ttopoftheclassatschool.
4.Whatistheauthor’spresentjob?
A.Workingpart-timeinacollege.
B.Takingcareofchildrenforafamily.
C.Helpingchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.
D.Lookingafterchildrenatakindergarten.
5.Whenstayingwiththetwogirls’family,theauthor________.
A.waspaidforextrawork
B.oftenworkedlonghours
C.gotmuchhelpfromherboss
D.tookadayoffeveryotherweek
6.Whydidtheauthorleaveherfirstjob?
A.Shefoundafull-timejob.
B.Shewasfedupwithchildren.
C.Shedecidedtoattendapart-timecourse.
D.Sheneededarestafterworkingextrahours.
7.Whathastheauthorlearnedfromherownexperiences?
A.Lesssuccessfulstudentscanstillhaveacareer.
B.Qualificationsarenecessaryforacareer.
C.Hardworkmakesanexcellentstudent.
D.Onemustchoosethejobonelikes.
C
InsomeislandsnorthofScotland,headlice,whichliveonthehairorskinofpeopleoranimals,wereapartoflife.Ifthelicelefttheirhost,hebecamesickandfeverish.Therefore,sickpeoplehadliceputintheirhairintentionally.Therewasamethodtotheirmadness:
Assoonasthelicehadsettledinagain,thepatientimproved.Thestoryexplainstheconfusionofcauseandeffect.Iftheliceleavethesick,itisbecausehehasafeverandtheysimplygethotfeet.Whenthefeverbreaks,theyreturn.Wemaylaughatthisstory,butfalsecausalitymisleadsuspracticallyeveryday.
Considertheheadline:
“Fact:
WomenWhoUseShampooXYZEveryDayHaveStrongerHair.”Thisstatementsaysverylittle—leastofall,thattheshampoomakesyourhairstronger.Itmightsimplybetheotherwayround:
WomenwithstronghairtendtouseShampooXYZ—andperhapsthat’sbecauseitsays“especiallyforthickhair”onthebottle.
Afurtherexample:
Scientistsfoundthatlongperiodsinthehospitaldidharmtopatients.Thiswasmusictohealthinsurers’ears,who,ofcourse,arekeentomakestaysasbriefaspossible.But,clearly,patientswhoaredismissedimmediatelyarehealthierthanthosewhomuststayonfortreatment.
RecentlyIreadthatstudentsgetbettergradesatschooliftheirhomescontainalotofbooks.Thisstudywassurelyashotinthearmforbooksellers,butitisalsoanexampleoffalsecausality.Thissimpletruthisthateducatedparentstendtovaluetheirchildren’seducationmorethanuneducatedonesdo.Plus,educatedparentsoftenhavemorebooksathome.Inshort,adust-coveredcopyofWarandPeacealoneisn’tgoingtoinfluenceanyone’sgrades;
whatcountsisparents’educationlevels,aswellastheirgenes.
Anotherexampleoffalsecausalitywasthesupposedrelationshipbetweenthebirthrateandthenumbersofstork(鹳)pairsinGermany.Bothwereindecline,andifyouplotthemonagraph,thetwolinesofdevelopmentfrom1965to1987appearedalmostthesame.Doesthismeanthestorkactuallydoesbringbabies?
Obviouslynot,sincethiswasapurelyaccidentalconnection.
Inconclusion:
Connectionisnotcausality.Takeacloserlookatlinkedevents:
Sometimeswhatispresentedasthecauseturnsouttobetheeffect,orjusttheotherwayaround.Andsometimesthereisnolinkatall—justlikewiththestorksandbabies.
8.Whichisanexampleoffalsecausality?
A.Womenwithstronghairtendtouseacertainshampoo.
B.Birthrateandthestorkpopulationareconnected.
C.Longerperiodsinthehospitalbenefitpatients.
D.Licecanmakeapersonsickandfeverish.
9.Theunderlinedphrase“ashotinthearm”inParagraph4means_____.
A.painB.defeatC.guidanceD.encouragement
10.Accordingtotheauthor,studentsgetbettergradesprobablybecause_____.
A.theirhomesarefullofbooks
B.theyhavereadWarandPeace
C.theireducatedparentsvalueeducation
D.theirparentsaresuccessfulbooksellers
11.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____.
A.linkedeventsmayturnouttobeunrelated
B.causeandeffectareinterdependent
C.connectionsaremostlycauseandeffect
D.connectionsarepureaccidents
D
Anartificialintelligencechatbot(聊天机器人)calledTacoBotfromfastfoodchainTacoBellnowletsyouorderamealinasmartphonetextexchangethatmightlooksomethinglikethis:
TacoBot:
Hellothere.I’myourTacBot.Icanhelpyouorderamealforyouoryourteam.
You:
CanIorderonesofttaco(墨西哥煎玉米卷)withbeef?
Soundsgood.Doyouwanttokeepaddingstuff?
Maybesomebacon?
BrandslikeTacoBellandsometechcompaniesarebettingthatmoreandmorepeoplewillstartusingthisconversationalwayofinteractingonlineinsteadofclickingthroughon-screenmenus.
Ifthetrendcatcheson—asfirmslikeFacebookandMicrosoftexpect—itcouldtransformthedigitallandscapebyallowingsmartphoneuserstofindinformationormakepurchaseswithsimpletextmessages,ignoringappsandsearchengines.AmongthecompaniesalreadydevelopingorlaunchingchatbotsaretheWallStreetJournal,CNNandretailgiantsSephoraandH&
M.
“Ibelieveweareheadedtoashiftwherethiswillbecomeoneoftheprimarywaysweinteractwiththedigitalworld,”saysMarkBeccueofMarkBeccueConsulting,whofollowstrendsinthemessagingmarket.“Thechatuserinterface(界面)iswhatmakessenseforamobile-firstworld.Youcanbemorespecificandbequicker.”
Messagingserviceshavebecomeanaturalplaceforchatbotstoreside(居住),sincetheirusageisgrowing:
atleast1.4billionpeopleusedamessagingapplastyear.AccordingtoBusinessInsiderIntelligence,messagingappshaveovertakenthelargestsocialnetworksintheworld.
ThemessagingserviceKikmeanwhilelauncheditsown“botshop”,withpartnersincludingretailersandgamedevelopers.Kiksaidthemovewasaresponsetothetrendpeopleusingfewerappsandspendingmoretimeonchatplatforms.“There’snothingtodownload,nonewregistrationrequ
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