21WilliamFaulkner福克纳解析文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:17749753
- 上传时间:2022-12-09
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:8
- 大小:629.15KB
21WilliamFaulkner福克纳解析文档格式.docx
《21WilliamFaulkner福克纳解析文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《21WilliamFaulkner福克纳解析文档格式.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
■ThefactthatWilliamFaulknerwasbomintoaSouthernfamilywithafairlylongtraditionisperhapsthemostimportantofalltheinfluencesthatmadehimamajorwriterinAmericanliterature.
■ThetownofOxfordwherehewasbroughtupbecamethemodelforhisfictionalJefferson,theseatof丫oknapatawphacounty.Hisownfamilyhistoryfounditswayintohisnovelsandthemembersofhisfamilyprovedtobeprototypesforhischaracters.
■Faulkner'
sknowledgeofthelifeoftheAmericanDeepSouth,withitstragichistoryofriseandfallinitsfortunes,itswaysandmores,anditslanguage,allfusedinhisimaginationandrecreated,becamethesubstaneeofaFaulknerianworldstrangelyinspiringbothnostalgiaandasenseofimpendingdoominmodernreaders・
■MostofFaulknefsworksaresetintheAmericanSouth,withhisemphasisontheSouthernsubjectsandconsciousness,andtheyareaboutpeoplefromasmallregioninNorthernMississippi,YoknapatawphaCounty,whichisactuallyanimaginaryplace・
■Withhisrichimagination,Faulknerturnedtheland,thepeopleandthehistoryoftheregionintoaliterarycreationandmythicalkingdom.Asaresult,丫oknapatawphaCountryhasbecomeanallegoryoraparableoftheOldSouth,withwhichFaulknerhasmanagedsuccessfullytoshowapanoramaoftheexperienceandconsciousnessofthewholeSouthernsociety・
■TheYokanapatawphaCountyserieshaveanoverallpatterninwhichthefateofaruinedhomelandalwaysfocusesonthecollisionofFaulknefsintelligent,sensitive,andidealisticprotagonistswiththesocietyofthe20thcentury・
■Almostallhisheroesturnouttobetragicbecausetheyareprisonersofthepast,orofthesociety,orofsomesocialandmoraltaboos,oroftheirownintrospectivepersonalities.
■Hisfirsttwonovels,Soldier'
sPayandMosquitoes(1927),werenotverypromising,butSartoris(1929)revealedFaulkner'
sfullerdevelopmentasawriter.Forthefirsttimeheenteredhisfictionalcountryandbegantocreateaworldofhisown.
■WithSartorishistrainingasawritercametoaclose.Hisnextbook,TheSoundandtheFury(1929),wasdefinitelythematureworkofamajorauthor.
■In1930AsILayDyingcameout,andwhathadapparentlybeguntoworryhimwasthelackofcriticalacclaimforhiswork.HethencontrivedthesexuallyaggressiveandsensationalplotofSanctury(1931)toshockthepublicintoakindofrecognition.
■OfFaulkner'
sliteraryworks,3novelsaremasterpieces:
□TheSoundandtheFuryDLightinAugust匚Absalom,Absalom!
□GoDown,Moses
■HerethedeepSouthisdelineatedinasminutedetailaspossible・Indeed,Faulkner'
sworkshavebeentermedtheYoknapatawphasaga,uoneconnectedstory,”one“mythicalkingdom."
■HewritesaboutthehistoriesofanumberofsouthernaristocraticfamiliesandtracesthembacktotheverybeginningwhentheChickasawIndianswerestilllawfulownersoftheland.
■Intheveryriseofthesefamilyfortunes,Faulknerseestheirinevitablefall.Thesewhitesettlersmayhavedreamed,builtgreathouseswithconfidenceandcourage,andachievedadegreeofsuccessintheirgoldenpast,buttheycannotescapethedefeattowhichtheyaredoomedfromtheveryoutset,fortheyhavedisplacedtheIndiansandenslavedtheBlackrace・
■WhatFaulkneristalkingaboutconcernsnotmerelytheAmericanSouthbutthehumansituationingeneral.Thespiritualdeteriorationwhichcharacterizesmodernlifestemsdirectlyfromthelossofloveandwantofemotionalresponse.
TheSoundandtheFury
■Quentin*ssectionoffersagoodillustration.Amiserablecreatureinthemodernworld,Quentinfrequentlycastsabackwardglanceatthetimeofhischildhoodwhenlifewasinnocent,romantic,andsecure・Hejustcannotbringhimselftocometotermswiththepresentwhenis,tohim,purposeless,futile,anddevoidofthevalueswhichmakelifeworthliving・
■Hissuicideoffersanexampleofacompletenegationofthepresent.Inasense,Quentin'
svaluesystemmayrepresentFaulkner'
sownideaofanidealwayoflife,thatofanante-bellumsociety.
■WiththestoryofJasonwhoselifeembodiesallthevicesofthemodernworld,thecontrastbetweentheante-bellumsocietyandthepresentoneisbroughtoutinthemostpoignantmannerpossible.Thetriumphofrationalismoverfeelingandcompassionisbestillustratedinthissterileandlovelessindividual.
■FaulkneroncesaidthatThe
SoundandtheFuryisastoryofulostinnocenceMwhichprovesitselftobeanintensificationofthethemeofimprisonmentinthepast.
Faulkner'
sStyle
■Faulknerhasalwaysbeenregardedasamanwithgreatmightofinventionandexperimentation.Headdedtothetheoryofthenovelasanartformandevolvedhisownliterarystrategies.Tohim,theprimarydutyofawriterwastoexploreandrepresenttheinfinitepossibilitiesinherentinhumanlife・Thereforeawritershouldobservewithnojudgmentwhatsoeverandreduceauthorialintrusiontothelowestminimum.
■Themostcharacteristicwayofstructuringhisstoriesistofragmentthechronologicaltime.Hedeliberatelybrokeupthechronologyofhisnarrativebyjuxtaposingthepastwiththepresent,inthewaythemontagedoesinamovie.Themodernstream-of-consciousnesstechniquewasalsofrequentlyandskillfullyexploitedbyFaulknertoemphasizethereactionsandinnermusingsofthenarrator.
■Moreover,Faulknerwasgoodatpresentingmultiplepointsofview,whichgavethestoryacircularform,whereinoneeventiscentered,withvariouspointsofviewradiatingfromit,ordifferentpeoplerespondingtothesamestory.
■Thusahighdegreecouldbereached・TheothernarrativetechniquesFaulknerusedtoconstructhisstoriesincludesymbolismandmythologicalandbiblicalallusions.
ARoseforEmily
■ARoseforEmilyisFaulkner'
sfirstshortstorypublishedin1930.SetinthetownofJeffersonin丫oknapatawpha,thestoryfocusesonEmilyGrierson,aneccentricspinsterwhorefusestoacceptthepassageoftime,ortheinevitablechangeandlossthataccompaniesit.
■AsadescendantoftheSouthernaristocracy,EmilyistypicalofthoseinFaulkner'
sYoknapatawpahstorieswhoarethesymbolsoftheOldSouthbuttheprisonersofthepast.Inthisstory,FaulknermakesbestuseoftheGothicdevicesinnarration.
Quote1
■WhenMissEmilyGriersondied,ourwholetownwenttoherfuneral:
thementhroughasortofrespectableaffectionforafallenmonument,thewomenmostlyoutofcuriositytoseetheinsideofherhouse,whichnoonesaveanoldman・servant—acombinedgardenerandcook—hadseeninatleasttenyears.(SelectedReadings617-618)
Quote2
■Thenwenoticedthatinthesecondpillowwastheindentationofahead.Oneofusliftedsomethingfromit,andleaningforward,thatfaintandinvisibledustdryandacridinthenostrils,wesawalongstrandofiron-grayhair.(SelectedReadings629)
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 21 WilliamFaulkner 福克纳 解析