人教版英语选修7 Unit2 RobotsPeriod2.docx
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人教版英语选修7 Unit2 RobotsPeriod2.docx
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人教版英语选修7Unit2RobotsPeriod2
Unit2Robots
Period2AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage
(Revisethepassivevoiceincludingtheinfinitive)
Introduction
Inthisperiodstudentswillbefirsthelpedbytheteachertodiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandcollocations,andthentodiscoverandrevisethepassivevoiceincludingtheinfinitive.Thefollowingstepsofteachingmaybetaken:
warmingupbyhavingadictation,discoveringusefulwordsandcollocations,readingmoreaboutthe22ndcentury,learningaboutthepassivevoice,discoveringusefulstructuresandclosingdownbyputtingonstageatextplayofSatisfactionGuaranteed.
Objectives
Tohelpstudentsrevisethepassivevoice
Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandcollocations
Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulstructures
Procedures
1.Warmingupbyhavingadictation
Tobeginwith,let’stakeadictationtostrengthenourmemoryofthetext.
LarryBelmontworkedforacompanythatmakerobot.RecentlyarobotthatcoulddohouseworkwouldbetestedoutLarry'slife,Clair,forthreeweeks.Clairfeltalarmedbytherobot'shumanlyappearance.Beforelongshebegantotrusthim.Shetoldhimthatsheandherhomewerenotelegantenoughforherhusbandandsheenviedtherichandpowerfulwoman.Therobotdecidedtoprotectherfrombeingharm.Hegaveheranewhaircutandchangedhermakeupandaskedhertobuysomethingtodecorateherhome.BeforethenighthewastoleaveClair,theyheldaparty.TheguestswereimpressedbyClairandherhome,especiallybythehandsomerobot,whomtheythoughtwasherhusband.Claireknewthisisalmostadreamandshefeltverysad.However,thecompanywasverysatisfiedwithTony,therobotalthoughheneededrebuildingbecauseitisabsurdtohavewomenfallinginlovewithamachine.
2.Discoveringusefulwordsandcollocations
Acollocationistwoormorewordsthatoftengotogether.Thesecombinationsjustsound"right"tonativeEnglishspeakers,whousethemallthetime.
Whilegoingoverthetext,trytorecognizethecollocations,treatthemassingleblocksoflanguageandcopythemoutintoyourCollocationBook.
Nowgotopage13.Workinpairstofinishthethreeexercisesin10minutes.
3.Learningaboutthepassivevoice
ACTIVEANDPASSIVETENSESCHART
SIMPLEPRESENTandSIMPLEPAST
Theactiveobjectbecomesthepassivesubject.
am/is/are+ pastparticiple
was/were+pastparticiple
Active:
SimplePresent
Themoviefascinatesme.
ThemovieboresJack.
Themoviesurprisesthem.
Passive:
SimplePresent
Iamfascinatedbythemovie.
Jackisboredbythemovie.
Theyaresurprisedbythemovie.
Active:
SimplePast
Themovieboredme.
ThemoviefascinatedJack.
Themoviesurprisedthem.
Passive:
SimplePast
Iwasboredbythemovie.
Jackwasfascinatedbythemovie.
Theyweresurprisedbythemovie.
PRESENTandPASTCONTINUOUS(PROGRESSIVE)
Passiveform:
am/is/are+being+pastparticiple
was/were+being+pastparticiple
Active:
PresentContinuous
IamhelpingShannon.
JuneishelpingSuandLing.
Passive:
PresentContinuous
Shannonisbeinghelpedbyme.
SuandLingarebeinghelpedbyJune.
Active:
PastContinuous
Iwascleaningthebathroom.
Theywerecleaningthebedroom.
Susanwascleaningthekitchenandpatio.
Passive:
PastContinuous
Thebathroomwasbeingcleanedbyme.
Thebedroom wasbeingcleanedbythem.
ThekitchenandpatiowerebeingcleanedbySusan.
PRESENTPERFECT,PASTPERFECTandFUTUREPERFECT
Passiveform:
have/hasbeen+pastparticiple
hadbeen+pastparticiple
Active:
PresentPerfect
Ihavemailedthegift.
Jackhasmailedthegifts.
Passive:
PresentPerfect
Thegifthasbeenmailedbyme.
ThegiftshavebeenmailedbyJack.
Active:
PastPerfect
StevenSpielberghaddirectedthemovie.
PennyMarshallhaddirectedthosemovies.
Passive:
PastPerfect
ThemoviehadbeendirectedbyStevenSpielberg.
ThemovieshadbeendirectedbyPennyMarshall.
Active:
FuturePerfect
Johnwillhavefinishedtheprojectnextmonth.
Theywillhavefinishedtheprojectsbeforethen.
Passive:
FuturePerfect
Theprojectwillhavebeenfinishedbynextmonth.
Theprojectswillhavebeenfinishedbeforethen.
FUTURETENSES
Passiveforms:
will+be+pastparticiple
is/aregoingtobe+pastparticiple
Active:
FuturewithWILL
Iwillmailthegift.
Jackwillmailthegifts.
Passive:
FuturewithWILL
Thegiftwillbemailedbyme.
ThegiftswillbemailedbyJack.
Active:
FuturewithGOINGTO
Iamgoingtomakethecake.
Sueisgoingtomaketwocakes.
Passive:
FuturewithGOINGTO
Thecakeisgoingtobemadebyme.
TwocakesaregoingtobemadebySue.
PRESENT/FUTUREMODALS
Thepassiveformfollowsthispattern:
modal+be+pastparticiple
Active:
WILL/WON'T(WILLNOT)
SharonwillinviteTomtotheparty.
Sharonwon'tinviteJefftotheparty.
(SharonwillnotinviteJefftotheparty.)
Passive:
WILL/WON'T(WILLNOT)
TomwillbeinvitedtothepartybySharon.
Jeffwon'tbeinvitedtothepartybySharon.
(JeffwillnotbeinvitedtothepartybySharon.)
Active:
CAN/CAN'T(CANNOT)
Maicanforetellthefuture.
Terrycan'tforetellthefuture.
(Terrycannotforetellthefuture.)
Passive:
CAN/CAN'T(CANNOT)
ThefuturecanbeforetoldbyMai.
Thefuturecan'tbeforetoldbyTerry.
(ThefuturecannotbeforetoldbyTerry.)
Active:
MAY/MAYNOT
HercompanymaygiveKatyaanewoffice.
Thelazystudentsmaynotdothehomework.
MIGHT/MIGHTNOT
HercompanymightgiveKatyaanewoffice.
Thelazystudentsmightnotdothehomework.
Passive:
MAY/MAYNOT
Katyamaybegivenanewofficebyhercompany.
Thehomeworkmaynotbedonebythelazystudents.
MIGHT/MIGHTNOT
Katyamightbegivenanewofficebyhercompany.
Thehomeworkmightnotbedonebythelazystudents.
Active:
SHOULD/SHOULDN'T
StudentsshouldmemorizeEnglishverbs.
Childrenshouldn'tsmokecigarettes.
Passive:
SHOULD/SHOULDN'T
Englishverbsshouldbememorized bystudents.
Cigarettesshouldn'tbesmoked bychildren.
Active:
OUGHTTO
StudentsoughttolearnEnglishverbs.
(negativeoughttoisrarelyused)
Passive:
OUGHTTO
Englishverbsoughttobememorizedbystudents.
Active:
HADBETTER/HADBETTERNOT
StudentshadbetterpracticeEnglisheveryday.
Childrenhadbetternotdrinkwhiskey.
Passive:
HADBETTER/HADBETTERNOT
Englishhadbetterbepracticedeverydaybystudents.
Whiskeyhadbetternotbedrunkbychildren.
Active:
MUST/MUSTNOT
Touristsmustapplyforapassporttotravelabroad.
Customersmustnotusethatdoor.
Passive:
MUST/MUSTNOT
Apassporttotravelabroadmustbeappliedfor.
Thatdoormustnotbeusedbycustomers.
Active:
HASTO/HAVETO
ShehastopracticeEnglisheveryday.
SaraandMihohavetowashthedisheseveryday.
DOESN'THAVETO/DON'THAVETO
Mariadoesn'thavetocleanherbedroomeveryday.
Thechildrendon'thavetocleantheirbedroomseveryday.
Passive:
HASTO/HAVETO
Englishhastobepracticedeveryday.
Thedisheshavetobewashedbythemeveryday.
DOESN'THAVETO/DON'THAVETO
Herbedroomdoesn'thavetobecleanedeveryday.
Theirbedroomsdon'thavetobecleanedeveryday.
Active:
BESUPPOSEDTO
Iamsupposedtotypethecomposition.
Iamnotsupposedtocopythestoriesinthebook.
Janetissupposedtocleanthelivingroom.
Sheisn'tsupposedtoeatcandyandgum.
Theyaresupposedtomakedinnerforthefamily.
Theyaren'tsupposedtomakedessert.
Passive:
BESUPPOSEDTO
Thecompositionissupposedtobetypedbyme.
Thestoriesinthebookarenotsupposedtobecopied.
ThelivingroomissupposedtobecleanedbyJanet.
Candyandgumaren'tsupposedtobeeatenbyher.
Dinnerforthefamilyissupposedtobemadebythem.
Dessertisn'tsupposedtobemadebythem.
PASTMODALS
Thepastpassiveformfollowsthispattern:
modal+havebeen+pastparticiple
Active:
SHOULDHAVE/SHOULDN'THAVE
Thestudentsshouldhavelearnedtheverbs.
Thechildrenshouldn'thavebrokenthewindow.
Passive:
SHOULDHAVE/SHOULDN'THAVE
Theverbsshouldhavebeenlearnedbythestudents.
Thewindowshouldn'thavebeenbrokenbythechildren.
Active:
OUGHTTO
Studentsoughttohavelearnedtheverbs.
(negativeoughttoisrarelyused)
Passive:
OUGHTTO
Theverbsoughttohavebeenlearnedbythestudents.
Active:
BESUPPOSEDTO(pasttime)
Iwassupposedtotypethecomposition.
Iwasn'tsupposedtocopythestoryinthebook.
Janetwassupposedtocleanthelivingroom.
Shewasn'tsupposedtoeatcandyandgum.
FrankandJaneweresupposedtomakedinner.
Theyweren'tsupposedtomakedessert.
Passive:
BESUPPOSEDTO(pasttime)
Thecompositionwassupposedtobetyped byme.
Thestoryinthebookwasn'tsupposedtobecopied.
ThelivingroomwassupposedtobecleanedbyJanet.
Candyandgumweren'tsupposedtobeeatenbyher.
Dinnerwassupposedtobemadebythem.
Dessertwasn'tsupposedtobemadebythem.
Active:
MAY/MAYNOT
ThatfirmmayhaveofferedKatyaanewjob.
Thestudentsmaynothavewrittenthepaper.
MIGHT/MIGHTNOT
ThatfirmmighthaveofferedKatyaanewjob.
Thestudentsmightnothavewrittenthepaper.
Passive:
MAY/MAYNOT
Katyamayhavebeenofferedanewjobbythatfirm.
Thepapermaynothavebeenwrittenbythestudents.
MIGHT/MIGHTNOT
Katyamighthavebeenofferedanewjobbythatfirm.
Thepapermightnothavebeenwrittenbythestudents.
4.被动语态小结
●被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为:
情态动词+be+过去分词。
例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebab
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