冠词的用法详解Word文档格式.docx
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冠词的用法详解Word文档格式.docx
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等12个字母的读音是以元音开头的,因此前面要用an。
其余字母则是以辅音开头的。
如:
Pleasepayattentiontoyourspelling.Youhavedropped________”m”here.(全国卷)
A.anB.theC./D.a
Thereisa“u’,an‘m’anda‘p’intheword“jump:
.
【分析】答案选A。
因为字母m的发音是以元音[e]开头的,所以用an;
这里的an的意义与one相当,表示“一个”。
anNBAstar
一个篮球明星anMITstudent.一个麻省理工的学生
二:
不定冠词的用法
1:
表示“一个”与“one”相同
Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.
Heputafingerinhismouth,tasteditandsmiled.
2:
与专有名词连用,表示“某一”。
“一个叫----的人”。
ThelittleboywantstobeaLeFeng.
AprofessorfromQinghuaUniversitywillgiveusalecture.
AMrsmithiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
3:
表示“每一”相当于per,用于某些表示时间、重量、长度等的单位前。
500dollarsaday,fourtimesaday,twiceaday,8hoursaday
Wegoswimmingfourtimesaweek.
4:
a+most
表示“非常”。
Thoughitisamostinterestingbookinthesebooks,itisnotthemostinterestingone.
Thisisamosttroublesomecase.
5:
a+序数词,表示“再一”、“又一”
Youcantryitasecondtimeifyoufail
WhenIsatdownafifthmanrosetospeak.
6:
a(n)+名词,作表语表职业。
Heisaprofessor.
Sheisaengineer.
但是
Heturnedsailorafterhegrewup.=Hebecameasailorafterhegrewup
7:
表示“同一”“相同”,等于“thesame”
Theyareofanage.=Theyareofthesameage.
Birdsofafeatherflocktogether
Thetwoshirtsaremuchofasize.
8:
在感叹句中
Whatasplendidperformanceitis.
Howseriousaproblemitis.
9:
在so,as,too,how+形容词之后
Heissofamousapoetthatheisadmiredbyothers
ItisasfineadayasIhaveeverspent,
Itistoodifficultabookforyoutoread.
Hedoesn’tknowhowpreciousathingitis.
10:
在half,many,quite,rather
之后
Halfadozenofapples,manyaflower,quiteagoodidea,ratheracleverboy,suchafunnyexpression
Heisquiteagoodactor.
Don'
tbeinsuchahurry.
11:
第一次提到的人或事物,但不特别指明是哪一个
Longlongagotherewasanoldkingwhohadaverybeautifuldaughter.
12;
表示一类人和东西
Atigercanbedangerous.
Ateachermustlovehisstudents.
Abadworkmanquarrelswithhistools.
Adogisafaithfulanimal.=Dogsarefaithfulanimals.
13:
物质名词的具体化,
ThepeopleinChinaliketeaandgreenteaisawonderfultea.
Wedon’thavemuchrainhere,butlastnightwehadaheavyrain.
Pleasegivemeacoffee.(acupofcoffee)
14:
抽象名词的具体化
Thesportsmeetwasagreatsuccess.
Itisanhonourtobeinvitedtotheparty.
Readingisapleasureforme.
15:
世界上独一无二的东西前有修饰语时:
Wehopewecanseeafullmoontonight.
Chinahopestoseeapeacefulandfriendlyworldinthe21st
century.
16:
在表示季节、月份、日期、三餐前有修饰语时:
Wehadaverycoldwinterlastyear.
Thishappenedonacoldnight.
Wehadawonderfullunchatthatparty.
17:
首次提到的单数可数名词前
Thereisamanandananimalatthegate.
18:
某些固定短语中:
agreat/gooddealof,agoodmanyof,anumberof,alotof,asaresultof,allofasudden,getinaword,haveacold,goforawalk,inahurry,afterawhile,onceinawhile,asamatteoffact,onceuponatime,haveawordwith,oneatatime,awasteof
三:
使用定冠词的情况:
表示特定的人或物
Thebookonthedeskismine.
Thegirlinblueismysister.
上文提到的人或物前面
Iboughtashirtyesterday.Theshirtwasverybeautiful
Theyhaveasonandadaughter.Thesongisalawyerandthedaughterisanurse.
3:
表示谈话人双方都知道的人或物
Jack,closethewindowplease.
Themanagerisintheoffice.
用于单数可数名词前表示类别,相当于不定冠词表示类别
Alionisadangerousanimal.=Thelionisadangerousanimal.=Lionsaredangerousanimals.
在表示整个类别的名词前
Thetigerisindangerofdyingout.
Thelionismorefiercethanthewolf.
在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前,但是前面有修饰语时可以用不定冠词
Thesun/moon/star/earth/world/sky/universe/sea
Themooncastashadowonthewall.
Abrightmoonhangsoverthegarden.
7:
在表示方向、方位的名词前
Intheeast/west/south/north.Ontheright/left,inthemiddle
Thewindisblowingfromtheeast.
Turn(tothe)left,andyouwillfindthecinema.
在表示自然现象的名词前
Theweather/climate/wind.但是nature前不用冠词
Thefarmersarecomplainingabouttheweather.
用于形容词之前表示一类人或物
Thepoor/sick/rich/wounded/dead/deaf/blind/public/living/young
Thericharenotalwayshappierthanthepoor.
Soonhewouldbeamongtheunemployed.
Youcan’texpectthemtodotheimpossible.
表示乐器、娱乐场所名词前
Ilikeplayingthepiano/violin/flute/guitar.
Iusedtogothecinema/concert/theater/party.
表示某项发明单数名词前
ThecompasswasinventedinChina2000yearsago.
Whoinventedthetelephone?
12:
用于序数词或形容词最高级前
TheearliestcoinsintheworldwereusedinChina.
Heisalwaysthefirsttocometoschool.
在only,same,right,very之前just之后
Hewastheonlypersoninvitedtotheballintheoffice.
Don’tmakethesamemistakeagain.
比较:
ThisistheverybookthatI’meagertoread.
ThisisjustthebookthatI’meagertoread.
14:
用在复数的姓氏前表示一家人或者夫妇
TheJoneswillcometothepartytonight.
Thesmithsloveanimals.
与民族、国籍的名词连用指全体
TheChineseareahardworkingpeople.
TheEnglish‘reproudoftheirsenseofhumour.
在“越来越”的结构中
Themorehehas,themorehewants.
Themorelearnedheis,themoremodestheis.
17:
用在世纪或者逢十进位的复数年代前
Inthe19th
century,inthe1980s,inthe1980’s
18:
在抓打人体某部位名词前
Pat/strike/hitsbonthehead/nose/shoulder/back
Take/catch/seizesbbythearm/hand/collar/sleeve
19:
在表示剂量的名词前
Bythedozen/ton/pound/month/day/week/hour
Bydozens/hundreds/inches
但是,byweight/volume,按重量、体积计算不用the
20:
用于特指的不可数名词前
Didyoutaketheadvicethathegaveyouaboutthematter?
Theairintheroomisfresh.
21:
用于江、河、湖、海、洋、运河等专有名词前
theYangtzeRiver.theWestLake,theRedseatheAtlanticOcean.thePanamaCanel
22:
用于山脉群岛等专有名词前,但是孤岛孤山前不用冠词
theAlps,thePhilipines,MountTai
23:
用于表示海湾、海峡、沙漠等专有名词前
TheTaiwanStraits,theEnglishChannel,theSaharaDesert
24:
含有普通名词的专有名词前
thePeople’sRepublicofChina,
theUnitedStatedofAmerican
25:
表示公共建筑的专有名词前
theGreatWall,theSummerPalacethechildren’spalace
26:
用于阶级、党派、组织机构等专有名词前
theUnitedNations,
theChineseCommunistParty
27:
报纸、杂志、会议、条约、历史事件、时期、朝代前
theTimes
thexi’anIncident
theMiddleAgestheMingDynasty/period
theAtlanticPact大西洋公约
顺口溜:
特指重提和唯一
方位顺序和乐器
姓氏复数国全名
岛屿海峡和海湾
年代团体和机关海洋党派最高级
沙漠河流与群山
船名建筑和组织
会议条约和报刊
请你记住用定冠
四:
不用冠词的情况:
表示一类人或事物的复数名词前
Childrenbeginschoolattheageofsix.
Wemusttellfriendsfromenemies.
2
当man
表示人类,或者当man,woman表示全体时
Mancan’tlivewithoutwater.
Manisstrongerthanwoman.
Manhasexistedforthousandsofyears.
在表示家人称谓或称呼前
Comein,boy.
Motherisnotathome.
4:
不含普通名词的专有名词前
ZhouLanwasperforminginherfirstcompetition.
Russiaisthelargestcountryintheworld.
ThebuildingstandsonLinclonStreet.
ChinaisnolongertheChina(特指)ofthepast.
5:
当抽象名词表示一般概念时
Failureisthemotherofsuccess.
Healthisbetterthanwealth.
Hehasnosenseofhumour.
Ican’tcatchthehumour(特指)ofhistalk.
6:
当物质名词表示一般概念时:
Paperismadefromwood.
Clothesaremadeofcloth.
Wecan’tlivewithoutair.
当名词前有指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格时,序数词前有物主代词修饰时:
Paulremembersoneofhisfirstlessonsfromthisteacher.
Hisheartisbeatingwildlywithfear.
Abombexplodedanddestroyedhishouse.
在表示季节、月份、日期、星期等的名词前
Insummer/autumn/spring/winter但是inthespring(特指)of1949
InJanuary/February/March/,onSunday/Monday/Wednesday
在节日、假日等名词前
onChristmasDay
onNewYear’sDay
onNationalDay
但是与festival连用,要用the
TheMiddle-AutumnFestival
thespringFestival
theDragonFestival
theLanternFestival
在语言名词前一般不加冠词。
IwrotealettertomyfriendinEnglishyesterdayevening.
11在表示学科的名词前不加冠词。
Ilikephysicsbest.
在球类运动之前不加冠词。
Theyoungmanalmostplaysfootballeveryday
在一日三餐之前,不加冠词。
Ihadlunchatschoollastterm.
14、许多有关组织机构和交通工具的短语中,不加冠词。
He‘sgoingtoBeijingbyplane.
15:
IwrotealettertomyfriendinEnglishyesterdayevening
但是与language连用时要加
ChinesetheChineselanguage
school,college,bed,prison,hospital这些若不是指具体的东西时不用冠词。
Helayinbedtillnight.
kind/sort/typeof+名词,名词不用冠词
Thosesortsofdogsarereallydangerous.
Theconcertattractedallkindsofpeople.
在表示独一无二的头衔时名词在句中作表语、同位语、补语或介词的宾语时,以及表示头衔、职位的名词与姓氏连用时:
Weelectedhimpresidentofthesociety.
Tomwascaptainoftheship.
PremierZhuwasonavisittoJapanatthattime.
ProfessorJacksonisgivingusalectureonenvironmentprotection.
Mr.smithwasheadofthecompany.
TheheadofthecompanyisMrsmith.
在日夜的各个阶段前
Atdaybreak/sunrise/dawn/noon/dark/night/midnight
At/by/before/after4o’clock
但是inthemorning/afternoon/evening
20.in+书写工具或颜料时
Pleasewriteinink/red/black.
但是pleasewritewithapen/pencil.
and,after,by,from连接对等的名词时
Dayandnight
dayafterday
daybyday
shouldertoshoulder
arminarm
facetoface
littlebylittle
Frombeginningtoend
fromtimetotime
fromeasttowest
frommorningtillnight
表示程度的形容词最高级做表语时,但是有比较范围的用
the
WearebusiestonSunday.
Thisbookismostuseful.
Ofallmethods,thisisthemosteffective.
Sheistheyoungerofthetwo.
23:
turn,go做“变为”“成为”时,后面的名词前不用冠词
Hewasamedicalstudentbeforeheturnedwriter.
He
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