英国文学作家作品及主要特征风格吐血整理Word文档格式.docx

英国文学作家作品及主要特征风格吐血整理Word文档格式.docx

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2

John 

Milton

约翰·

弥尔顿

1608-1674

（ThephasesofMilton'

slifeparallelthemajorhistoricalandpoliticaldivisionsinStuartBritain.

）

Threeperiods:

1.Shortpoems

L‘Allegro欢乐的人;

IlPenseroso沉思的人;

Comus科马斯;

Lycidas列西达斯;

2.Pamphlets&

tracts

Areopagitica论出版自由;

TheDefenseoftheEnglishpeople为英国人民声辩;

TheSecondDefenseoftheEnglishpeople再为英国人民声辩;

3.poems

ParadiseLost失乐园;

ParadiseRegained复乐园;

SamsonAgonistes力士参孙

Features

Milton'

spoetryandprosereflect

1.deeppersonalconvictions

2.apassionforfreedomandself-determination

3.theurgentissuesandpoliticalturbulence

4.achievedinternationalrenownwithinhislifetime.

SpecialFeatures

1.Richandcomplextexture,multiplicityoftheclassical（Biblicalandmythological）references,wealthofornamentanddecoration

2.Subjectsaremagnificent

3.Thecharactersarehumanandbelievable

4.Intheending,lifenotdeathistriumphant

Influence

RomanticpoetsWilliamBlakeandPercyShelley,whosawSatanastherealheroofthepoemandarebelagainstthetyrannyofHeaven........WinstonChurchill

3

Daniel 

Defoe

丹尼尔·

迪福

1660-1731

1.TheFatheroftheEnglishFiction

2.firstimportantEnglishnovelist标志着近代英国小说的形成

3.versatile多产的

Fiction

RobinsonCrusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》1719

CaptainSingleton《辛格尔顿船长》1720

MollFlanders《摩尔·

弗兰德斯》1722

AJournalofthePlagueYear《大疫年记事》1722

Non-fiction

TheShortestWaywiththeDissenters《消灭不同教派的捷径》

Poems

HymntothePillory《枷锁颂》→wroteinprison.imitatedthelyricpoemofGreekpoetPindaros（品达罗斯）.

TheTrue-BornEnglishman《地道的英国人》1701→hisfirstironicpoem&

themostsuccessfulpoem.

Artisticfeatures:

1.Dhadagiftfororganizingminutedetail---bothcredibleandfascinating.

2.Hissentencesaresometimesshortandplain,sometimeslongandrambling---animpressionofcasualnarration.

3.Hislanguageissmooth,easy,andmostlyvernacular地方的.

everythingiscommonEnglishatitsbestinsteadofartificial..

3.Hisnovelsenjoyapopularityamongmiddleclass.

Theme

1.Singsthepraisesoflabour

2.Beautifiesthecolonialism

3.ReflectstheaggressiveandbraveimageoftherisingEnglishbourgeoisie

4.Belaudtheindividualism.

5.Affirmthepowerofhuman,espciallytheforceofreason

4

JonathanSwift斯威夫特1667-1745

（amasterofsatire）

Dublin,Ireland

TheBattleofBooks书的战争;

anattackonpedantry（买弄学问）

ATaleofATub一个木桶的故事;

1.intheformofaparable

2.asatireuponallreligioussectsanattackonChristianityitself

Guilliver’sTravels格列佛游记

Lilliput小人国--theTories（托利党）&

theWhigs（辉格党）

Brobdingnag大人国---asatireonEnglishlordsandladies

FlyingIsland飞岛国---corruptedphilosophers&

projectors

CountryoftheHorses智马国---theconflictsofEnglishsociety

andpeople

AModestProposal一个温和的建议

Style:

simple,clear,vigorouslanguage;

directandpreciseprose;

amastersatirist;

deadlyirony&

powerfulsatire.

Swift’sArtisticFeatures

1.Satire

Swiftwasamanofgreatmoralintegrityandsocialcharm.

Hissatireisusuallymaskedbyanoutwardgravityandanapparentearnestnesswhichrendershissatireallthemorepowerful.

2.SimplicityandDirectness

Swiftisalwaysmostunsurpassedinthewriting.Hedefinedagoodstyleas“properwordsinproperplaces.”

5

HenryFielding亨利·

菲尔丁1707-1754（英国现实主义小说的奠基者）

Joseph 

Andrews约瑟·

安德鲁传--epistolarynovel书信体小说

MrJonathanWildtheGreat大伟人江奈生·

魏尔德传

TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling汤姆·

琼斯;

Amelia阿美利亚

LiteraryViews

1.Hefirmlybelievedtheeducationalfunctionofliterature

2.Thepurposeofthenovelwasnotjusttoamuse,buttoinstruct

3.“thejustcopiesofhumanmanners”

（人类态度的完整拷贝）

LiteraryFeatures

1.Thefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle

2.Third-personnarration“all-knowingGod”

3.Thelanguageiseasyandfamiliar,butquitevividandvigorous

6

RobertBurns

彭斯1759-1796

（thenationalpoetofScotland苏格兰民族诗人）

PoemsintheScottishDialect苏格兰方言诗集

Poems:

TheTreeofLiberty自由村;

ScotsWha-Hae苏格兰人;

TheTwoDogs两只狗;

Histheme:

1.Love&

friendship

2.ThenaturalbeautyofhisnativeScotland

3.Thepatriotismofhiscompatriotsandtheirstruggleforliberty

7

WilliamBlake

布莱克1757-1827

（aprecursorofRomanticisminEnglishpoetry浪漫主义先驱）

SongsofInnocence天真之歌;

SongsofExperience经验之歌；

（simplewithoutbeingnaive;

childlikewithoutbeingchildish;

innocentwithoutbeinginsipid乏味）

TheFrenchRevolution法国革命;

TheMarriageofHeavenandHell天堂与地狱的婚姻;

名诗：

Lamb;

London;

TheTiger

FirstImportantRomanticPoet

1.Innerspiritualfreedomoftheindividual

2.Plain,simple,direct,immensemeaning

3.Visionimages

4.Symbolism

8

WilliamWordsworth

威廉·

华兹华斯1770-1850

（PoetLaureate桂冠诗人）

（developedandcherished

aloveofnature）

LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集

（markthebreakwith18thcenturyclassicismandthebeginningofromanticisminEnglishpoetry）;

TheSolitaryReaper

ComposeduponWestminsterBridge

Theme:

Nature

Ordinarypeople

Ordinarylife

Preface:

Algoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.

RomanticPoeticPrinciples

"

Preface"

:

classicstatementofRomanticpoetryprinciples;

manifestooftheEnglishRomanticmovementinpoetry

LiteraryConcept

Thefunctionofpoetryliesinitspowertogiveanunexpectedsplendortofamiliarandcommonplacethings,to“incidentsandsituationsfromcommonlife.”Allkindsofpeople,ordinarypeasants,children,evenoutcasts,canenterpoetry.

Languageinpoetry

1.Headvocatedusingthelanguageofcommonpeople.

2.Imaginationwasveryimportantinpoeticcreation.

9

JaneAustin简·

奥斯丁1775-1817

Novels:

PrideandPrejudice傲慢与偏见;

SenseandSensibility理智与情感;

Emma爱玛;

MansfieldPark曼斯菲尔德公园;

Persuasion劝导

NorthangerAbbey诺桑觉

Fragmentsandearlydrafts:

LadySusan

Thewatsons

Sanditon

WritingFeatures

1.Herearliestfictionalventuresarefullofcharminganddelicatecomedy.

2.Shewasalmostuninfluenced,bythecurrentfashionsinfictionorbytherevolutionaryideas.

3.Simplestoriesofcommonplacepeopleoftheuppermiddleclass.

4.Herworksshowawealthofcharacterstudies,andaboundinwit,humorandcharm.

Themes

Shenevertouchedupontheclassconflictsofhertime,andinherworkstheextremesofwealthandpovertyareunknown.

Sherestrictedhersubject,mattertoanarrowrangeofsocietyandevents:

aquiet,prosperous,middle-classcircleinprovincialsurroundings.

Shetreatedherwritingmaterialwithsuchsubtletyofobservation,depthofpsychologicalpenetrationanddelicacyoftouchthatsheisrankedamongthebestofEnglishnovelists.

10

GeorgeGordonByron

乔治·

拜伦1788-1824

早期：

HoursofIdliness懒散的时刻;

EdinburghReview

EnglishBordsandScottishReviewers英国诗人与苏格兰评论家;

CantoI，II，III长诗：

ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage恰罗德·

哈罗德游记;

HebrewMelodies歌谣集

PrisonofChillon

Manfred曼弗雷德;

Cain该隐

DonJuan唐·

璜

名诗：

SheWalksinBeauty她在美中行

Byron’spoetryexertedgreatinfluenceontheRomanticMovement,owingtohisattacksonpolitical,religiousandmoralhypocrisy,totheromanticcharacterof“ByronicHero”andtotheeasy,naturalbeautyofhisverse.

11

PercyByssheShelley

波西·

比希·

雪莱1792-1822

QueenMab麦布女王;

PrometheusUnbound解放了的普罗米修斯;

TheCenci钦契;

SongtotheMenofEngland致英国人民;

TheMasqueofAnarchy专制魔王的化装游行;

OdetotheWestWind/aSkylark西风/云雀颂;

1.Shellywasarevolutionaryandademocrat.Hewasfightingallhislifeagainstcruelty,injustice,authorityandinstitutionalreligion.

2.Heheldthatpoetryalonecouldfreemanandofferthemindawiderviewofitspowers.

3.“Poetryisamoredirectrepresentationoftheactionsandpassionsofourinternalbeing”

12

JohnKeats

济兹1795-1821

Firstwork:

Endymion恩底弥翁;

Well-knownpoets:

Isabella伊莎贝拉;

TheEveofSanitAgnes圣爱尼节前夜;

OntheGrasshopperandCrickets蛐蛐和蟋蟀

OdetoaNightingale夜莺颂;

ToAutumn秋颂;

OdeonaGrecianUrn希腊古瓮颂;

Features:

Hispoetryisalwayssensuous,colorfulandrichinimaginary.

Keatshasthepowerofenteringthefeelingsofothers---eitherhumanoranimal.Hedeclaredthatwhenhesawabirdonthelawn,theenteredimaginativelyintothelifeofthebird.

13

CharlesDickens

狄更斯

1812-1870

ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub匹克威克外传;

OliverTwist奥利弗·

退斯特;

AmericanNotes美国札记;

MartinChuzzlewit马丁·

朱述尔维特;

TheOldCuriosityShop老古玩店;

DombeyandSon董贝父子;

DavidCopperfield大卫·

科波菲尔;

HardTimes艰难时世;

ATaleofTwoCities双城记;

GreatExpectation远大前程

Charlescontinuedtousehisbookstotellaboutthebadconditionsthattheworkingclassesandpoorpeoplehadtoliveunder.Hehopedthatbydoingthisthingswouldchangeforthegood,buttheyjustseemedtogetworse.

AnalysisofD.C.

1.It’sanadaptedaccountofDickens’ownlifefromchildhoodtoearlyadulthood.（5Aspects—C.P.）

2.The1stpointofviewaddsmuchtotherealisticeffectsandsympathetictreatmentofcharacters.

3.Thesuccessfulemploymentofchild’spointofview,bringsoutthetruthfulnessandgeniusesofDavid’sexperiencesandhisfeelings.

14

ThomasHardy

哈代1840-1928

Works:

TheReturnoftheNative还乡;

TheMayorofCasterbridge卡斯特桥市长;

TessoftheD’urbervilles德伯家的苔丝;

JudetheObscure