公共英语四级考试试题及答案解析二Word文档格式.docx

公共英语四级考试试题及答案解析二Word文档格式.docx

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Aworryingpossibilityisthatthechangesmaybeduetogreenhousewarming.Ifso,therecentfluctuationsmaybeanearlyglimpseofworsethingstocome.

WhendoesElNinohappen?

AThewatertemperatureisabovenormal.

BSeasurfacetemperaturesarehigherthanusual.

CThewatertemperatureisbelownormal.

DSeasurfacetemperaturesarelowerthannormal.

【正确答案】：

B

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

[解析]细节题。

根据第一段第一句可知当洋面温度超过正常范围的时候会发生厄尔尼诺，所以正确答案为B。

第2题

WhichofthefollowingisNOTcausedbyElNino?

ADroughtsinAfrica.

BTropicalstormsinPacific.

CTorrentialrainsalongtheCaliforniancoast.

DTheAmericandeserts.

D

文章第三段列举了厄尔尼诺造成的几种现象：

非洲地区的干旱、澳大利亚太平洋上的热带风暴、加利福尼亚沿岸的暴雨和秘鲁的沙漠。

所以应选D。

第3题

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmeantbytheauthor,accordingtothefourthparagraph?

AElNinooccursperiodically.

BInrecentyearsElNinohappenedmorefrequentlythanbefore.

CElNinocausedalotofdamages.

DElNinodoesn'

taffectthecentralPacific.

文章第四段讲了厄尔尼诺发生的规律和变化，首先是周期性的发生，故A正确。

作者还指出以前是每三到五年会发生一次，而在过去的四年中它发生了三次，也就是更频繁了，故B正确。

文章还说其中段严重的一次造成了8亿美元的损失，也就是损失巨大。

只有D作者没有提到，故应选D。

第4题

WhatcanbethepossiblecauseofthechangesofElNino?

AGreenhousewarming.

BInaccurateweatherforecast.

CFamine.

DAccurateforecasts.

A

文章最后一段第一句指出一种令人担忧的可能性是它可能是由温室效应造成的。

故应选A。

第5题

What'

sthebesttitleforthispassage?

AElNino

BHowDoesElNinoHappen

CWhatIsElNino

DTheEffectsofElNino

[解析]确定标题题。

文章通篇讲的都是厄尔尼诺这种气候现象，而B“如何发生”，C“什么是厄尔尼诺”，D“厄尔尼诺的影响”，都是文章介绍的一部分，不能涵盖整篇文章。

第6题

The"

standardofliving"

ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'

sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.Acountry'

sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth."

Wealth"

inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:

"

goods"

suchasfoodandclothing,and"

services"

suchastransportandentertainment.

Acountry'

scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacounty'

snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhaveafertilesoilandafavorableclimate;

otherregionspossessperhapsonlyoneofthesethings,andsomeregionspossessnoneofthem.TheUSAisoneofthewealthiestregionsoftheworldbecauseshehadvastnaturalresourceswithinherborders,hersoilisfertile,andherclimateisvaried.TheSaharaDesert,ontheotherhand,isoneoftheleastwealthy.

Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse.ChinaisperhapsaswelloffastheUSAinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonswasunabletodevelopherresources.Soundpoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.

Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry'

speople.Oldcountriesthathave,throughmanycenturies,trainedupnumerousskilledcraftsmenandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled.Wealthalsoproduceswealth.Asacountrybecomeswealthier,itspeoplehavealargemarginforsaving,andcanputtheirsavingsintofactoriesandmachineswhichwillhelpworkerstoturnoutmoregoodsintheirworkingday.

swealthdependsupon______.

Aitsstandardofliving

Bitsmoney

Citsabilitytoprovidegoodsandservices

Ditsabilitytoprovidetransportandentertainment

C

[解析]推断题。

文章第一段第一句就指出一个国家的生活水平是一个国家生产的商品和劳务人均占有量，也就是说一个国家的财富取决于这两者。

因此应选C。

第7题

Theword"

foremost"

inParagraph1means______.

Amostimportantly

Bfirstly

Clargely

Dforthemostpart

[解析]语义理解题。

前边已经有了first，故B不正确；

forthemostpart指某物的大部分，不符合句意，故D不正确。

根据下文可知这些因素是按照先后顺序排列的并且一种比一种的影响力小，所以最先提到的也就应该是最重要的。

第8题

Themainideaofthesecondparagraphisthat______.

Aacountry'

swealthdependsonmanyfactors

BtheUSAisoneofthewealthiestcountriesintheworld

CtheSaharaDesertisaverypoorregion

Dnaturalresourcesareanimportantfactorinthewealthorpovertyofacountry

[解析]段落主旨题。

这一段虽然开头说一个国家创造财富的能力依赖于许多因素，但只是为了引出下文，事实上这一段只讲了自然资源这种因素。

第9题

civil"

referstowarsthatare______.

Along-lasting

Bfoughtbetweenonepartofacountryandanother

Cshortbutfrequent

Dcarriedoutaccordingtotheinternationallaw

[解析]语义推断题。

根据后边的external（外部的）可推断出这应该是与之对立的内部战争。

所以应选B。

第10题

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

ACountrieswithnumerousskilledcraftsmenandtechniciansaremorelikelytoproducewealth.

BPeopleofawealthycountryarelikelytohavehigherlivingstandard.

CAcountrywithrichnaturalresourcesiscertainlywealthy.

DAcountry'

scapacitytoproducewealthissubjecttomanyfactors.

文章最后一段告诉我们拥有很多熟练的工匠和技术人员的国家创造财富的能力更强，因此A正确。

文章讲了国家财富与人民生活水平的关系，自然是国家越富，人民生活水平越高，故B也正确。

同样第二段第一句就告诉我们，国家的财富取决于很多因素，故D正确。

而第二段以中国为例子告诉我们并不是自然资源丰富的国家就一定富有。

故应选C。

第11题

Worldwideeveryday,wedevourtheenergyequivalentofabout200millionbarrelsofoil.Mostoftheenergyonearthcomesfromthesun.Infactenoughenergyfromthesunhitstheplanet'

ssurfaceeachminutetocoverourneedsforanentireyear,wejustneedtofindanefficientwaytouseit.Sofartheenergyinoilhasbeencheaperandeasiertogetat.Butassuppliesdwindle,thiswillchange,andwewillneedtocureouraddictiontooil.

Burningwoodsatisfiedmostenergyneedsuntilthesteam-drivenindustrialrevolution,whenenergy-densecoalbecamethefuelofchoice.Coalisstillused,mostlyinpowerstations,tocoveronequarterofourenergyneeds,butitsusehasbeendecliningsincewestartedpumpingupoil.Coalistheleastefficient,unhealthiestandmostenvironmentallydamagingfossilfuel,butcouldmakeacomeback,assuppliesarestillplentiful;

itsreservesarefivetimeslargerthanoil'

s.

Todaypetroleum,amineraloilobtainedfrombelowthesurfaceoftheEarthandusedtoproducepetrol,dieseloilandvariousotherchemicalsubstances,providesaround40%oftheworld'

senergyneeds,mostlyfuellingautomobiles.TheUSconsumesaquarterofalloil,andgeneratesasimilarproportionofgreenhousegasemissions.

ThemajorityofoilcomesfromtheMiddleEast,whichhashalfofknownreserves.ButothersignificantsourcesincludeRussia,NorthAmerica,Norway,VenezuelaandtheNorthSea.Alaska'

sArcticNationalWildlifeRefugecouldbeamajornewUSsource,toreducerelianceonforeignimports.

Mostexpertspredictwewillexhausteasilyaccessiblereserveswithin50years,thoughopinionsandestimatesvary.Wecouldfastreachanenergycrisisinthenextfewdecades,whendemandexceedssupply.Asconventionalreservesbecomemoredifficulttoaccess,otherssuchastarsandsmaybeusedinstead.Petrolcouldalsobeobtainedfromcoal.

Sincewestartedusingfossilfuels,wehavereleased400billiontonesofcarbon,andburningtheentirereservescouldeventuallyraiseworldtemperaturesby13℃.Amongotherhorrors,thiswouldresultinthedestructionofallrainforestsandtileinchingofallArcticice.

"

…wewillneedtocureouraddictiontooil."

Whydoestheauthorsayso?

AMostoftheenergyonEarth