现代大学英语第三册第一单元精Word下载.docx
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现代大学英语第三册第一单元精Word下载.docx
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(7toestablishtheiridentity(16toexpectbetterresults
(8tofrustratethestudents(17toassemblecars
(9todeclarewar(18topresentfacts
2.Givesynonymsandantonymsofthefollowing.(P15
1Givesynonyms.
(1objective,purpose,end(7choice
(2tohappen(8tochoose/topickor
pickout
(3toincrease/toenlarge/togrow/todevelop(9
main/chief/principal/leading
(4totry/toattempt/tomakeaneffort(10belief
(5clear(11strongfeeling
(6magazine(12toget/togain/to
obtain
2Giveantonyms.
(1masculine(9toexclude
(2immature(10disapproval
(3independence(11mistrust/distrust
(4inferior(12inequality
(5incompetent(13todiscourage
(6minor(14togrow/toincrease/toexpand/to
develop
(7tonarrow(15indistinct/unclear/vague
(8innocence(16impractical/unpractical/theoretical
3.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatewordsintheirproperformslistedbelow.
(P15
1handle5observant,occurrence9occurred,
apply
2occurrence6observation,observed,occur10observers,
handled
3handle7involve11
involvement
4involved8application12observation
4.Translate.(P16
1Sheintendstoapplyforthatacademicposition.
2Heissodevotedtohisresearchthattheideathathewillsoonhavetoretire
neveroccurstohim.
3Manypeoplehaveobservedthat,withouteffectivechecks,wehaveatendencytoabuseourpower.
4Studentsmustobservecarefullyhowgoodwritersusewords.
5Somecountriesrefusetogetinvolvedinthisdisputeandtheyresentany
foreigninterference.
6Howdoyouthinkweshouldhandlethedrugproblem?
7Accordingtotheagreement,allbusinesspoliciesshouldapplytoeverybody
withoutanyprejudice.
8Thecontrolofthesandstormswillinvolveatremendousamountofworkand
money.
9Youhavetotakeintoconsiderationthelocalconditionswhenyouapplythese
technologies.
10Allapplicantswillhavetofilloutthisformandmailinanapplicationfeeof
50dollars.
11Basedonhiscarefulobservationofchildren'
sbehaviorhecametotheconclusion
thatlearningisanaturalpleasure.
12Inacountryofmanynationalities,ethnicharmonyrequiresverycareful
handling.
13Thegovernmentisdeterminedtopunishallthecorruptofficialsinvolved.
14Cheatingatexamsdoesnotoccurveryoften.Butwhenitdoes,theschooltakesa
verytoughposition.
5.Fillintheblankswiththemostappropriateword.(P16
1C.3B.5B.7D.9B.11A.13D.15B.17
A.
2A.4A./D.6D.8A.10C.12C.14A.16D.18D.
6.Choosetherightwordintheirproperforms.(P18
1(1object(2objectives(3objective(4objective(5objects
2(1requires(2requires(3acquire(4acquire(5
inquire
3(1entrusted(2entrusted(3trust(4believe(5trust
4(1repaid(2pay,repay(3place(4repay(5
placed,replaced
5(1anxious(2anxiously(3eager(4eager/anxious(5
eager/anxious
7.Choosethebestwordorphraseforeachblankfromthefoursuppliedinbrackets.
(P19
(1suggested(4but(7eventually(10what(13
derive
(2primarily(5remained(8regrets(11where(14
lacking
(3told(6consisted(9pursuing(12Although(15
dropping
ⅢGrammar
1.Observethesesentencesandidentifytheobjectoftheitalicizedverborpreposition,
andfindouthowitisexpressed.(P20
1them:
pronoun
2whotheyareandwhattheirstrengthsandweaknessesare:
twowh-clauses
3toentertheworkworld:
aninfinitivephrase
4thattherearefourdistinctaspectstopsychologicalseparationfromone'
s
parents:
athat-clause
5wheretheyareintheindependence/dependencestruggle:
awh-clause
6howtogiveandreceiveaffectionintheadultworld:
7verylittle:
8howtheyreacttonewknowledgeandnewwaysoflearning,howtheyprocess
theknowledgepresentedtothem,andhowtheyorganizethisknowledge:
threewh-
clauses
9shuddering:
agerund
10driftingdown:
agerundphrase
11herself:
areflectivepronoun
12howtoletlooseaplaguecapableofdestroyingwholenations:
wh-word+toinfinitive
13whattosay:
wh-word+to-infinitive
14whetherithadbeenstormingforthreeorfourdays:
anounclauseintroduced
by“whether”
15(needcharity:
anoun;
(helpthemselves:
areflexivepronoun;
(toldMillard:
apropernoun
2.Practiceusingcorrectobjectforms.(P21
1Completethesentenceswithoneappropriateword.
(1what(3what(5it(7why(9everything
(2yourself(4whether(6others(8which/how(10much
2Choosetherightform,theinfinitiveorthegerundoftheverbinbrackets,for
theblanks.
(1feeling(4being;
being/tobe(7tostay(10beingrecognized
(2tochange(5togo(8nottosee
(3becoming(6thinking(9havingfallenbehind
3TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish.
(1Inthenegotiations,thetwosidesfoundtheyhadlittleincommon.
(2Moreandmoreoldpeoplearelearninghowtosurf/usetheInternet.
(3Don'
tforgettowritedownyournameontheexampaper.
(4Wemustbearinmindthatthereisnoshortcutinlearning.
(5Heneverregrettedhavingshiftedfrombusinesstopolitics.
(6I’dliketohaveachatwithyouaboutyourtermpapersometimethisweek.
(7Likesports,learningaforeignlanguagerequiresalotofpractice.
(8Theyallrememberwheretheywerewhentheyheardtheshockingnews.
(9Peoplelearnlittlefromvictory,butmuchmorefromdefeat.(10Wheneveryoufaceadecisionyouhavethreechoices:
dowhatyouplease;
dowhatothersdo;
ordowhatisright.
3.Summarizehowtheword“way”ismodified/qualifiedinthesesentences.(P22
theway+clause=thewayinwhich+clause:
1,6
away/theway(s+to-infinitivephrase(referringtoanactivityinaspecificway:
2,3,8
away/theway/ways+of+gerundnoun(referringtoanactivityinageneralway:
4,5,7
Butinmanycases,thedifferencebetween“a/thewaytodosth.”and“a/theway
ofdoingsth.”isblurred.Thechoiceisratheramatterofidiomaticusage.
4.CompletethesesentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbrackets,usingtheword
“way”.(P22
1apoet'
swayoftellingus
2theonlywaytolearnaforeignlanguagewell
3noeasywaytosaygood-bye
4thewaytheyallstaredatme
5someaspectsofthewaywespeak
6(manywaystogetdataintoacomputer
7ThewayIjudgeit
8awayofdeliveringthesecretmessage
9awaytostoptheleak
10thewaythechildrenrespondedtotheirquestions
5.Putinappropriatedeterminerswherenecessaryusinga“/”whennoneisneeded.
(P23
a,his,a,his,the,an,The,the/a,a,the,the,The,the,/,The,his,the,the
6.Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththemostlikelyanswer.(P23
1D.3A.5B.7A.9D.11C.13A.
15A.
2C.4D.6D.8B.10B.12B.14C.
(IncolloquialEnglish,AispossibleforNo.12.
ⅣWrittenWork
Answerthequestioninabout150words.(P24
Inwhatways,accordingtothewriterofthearticle,iscollegeatimeofgrowthand
expansion?
Collegelifeisanimportantperiodinone'
slife.Althoughthecollegestudentsseldom
thinkaboutthatthekeychangeswillprobablyhappentothemduringtheircollege
years.
Duringthistime,studentsaregoingthroughanidentitycrisiswhichincludes
independence/dependencestrugglefromtheirparents.Andalso,themostimportantthingisestablishingtheirsexualidentity.Atthesametime,theseyoungstersarelearninghowtogiveandreceiveaffectionintheadultworld.What'
smore,theyestablishtheirpersonalandsocialidentity.Theyareaffirmingtheirpersonalvaluessuchasreligiousfaith,moralandethicalvaluesanddevelopingnewwaystoorganizeandusingtheacademicknowledgeaswellastheirworldknowledge.Inaword,collegestudentscanbegrowingintheirunderstandingofthemselves,othersandtheworldinwhichtheylives.PoemoftheWeekAboutthePoet依里诺尔·
法吉恩(1881-1965)生于伦敦,由私人家庭教师授课。
她是一位英国小说家的女儿,并且是美国著名演员约瑟夫·
杰斐逊的孙女。
她的一生都沉醉于童话故事和儿歌之中,她的诗充满了孩子般的语言和节奏。
她的诗为儿童与青少年所喜爱。
六、课文参考译文你的大学生活鲍勃·
哈特1你可曾考虑过作为大学生的你生活中正在发生及将要发生的变化吗?
你可曾想到过你的教授和其他老师在你的大学期间对于你的成长和成熟制定过确定的目标吗?
你可曾认识到当你从青少年渐渐成熟时某些发展变化也将随之出现吗?
尽管大学生很少思考以上的问题,但是在大学期间,一些关键性的变化将很有可能发生在他们身上。
2大学期间,学生正经受自我认同危机,他们竭力找出自己到底是谁,以及自身有什么优点和不足。
当然,他们确实有许多的优点也有许多的不足。
但重要的是除了要了解人们如何看待自己,还要知道其他人如何看待他们。
皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会科学百科全书》中的有关理论,根据他们的观点,自我认同取决于先天基因(遗传于父母),成形于环境,并且因随机事件而改变。
人们受环境影响,反过来,又影响环境。
人们如何看待自己在以上两个方面所扮演的角色,毫无疑问这是他们自我心理认同的一部分。
3在学生们经历自我认同危机的同时,也开始独立于自己的父母,尽管他们仍然非常依赖父母。
这种独立与依赖的斗争成为青春期后期的主要部分。
实际上,这种斗争可能因为他们选择追求高等教育而升级。
高中一毕业,很多毕业生选择进入职场。
这种选择的结果促使他们在经济上独立于自己的父母。
但是,大学生选择了再花几年时间继续学习并发展自我,这使得他们在某种程度上可能还要依赖于自己的父母。
4在1984年4月发表于《咨询心理学期刊》上的《青春期末期与父母的心理脱离》一文中,杰弗里·
A·
霍夫曼提到青少年与父母的心理分离有四个不同方面。
第
一,功能上的独立,包括料理实践事务和个人事务的能力,比如理财、选择自己的衣服以及决定自己的日程表等。
第二,观点上的独立,也就是说学生学会正确看待和接受自己与父母在态度、价值和信仰上的差异。
第三个心理分离的过程是情感上的独立。
霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“从父母的赞许、亲近、陪伴以及情感的支持中解脱”。
例如,大学生觉得可以自由地选择自己所追求的专业,而不用经过父母同意。
第四个就是摆脱“父母的过度的内疚、焦虑、不信任、责任、压抑、反感以及愤怒”。
大学生需要退一步来审视他们是处于独立、依赖中的哪一个位置。
5或许对于大学生来说最迫切的事情之一就是去确立自己的性认同,这包括与异性的交流以及计划他们未来作为男人或者女人的角色。
每个人都必须把她或者他的性别定位于女性或者男性角色。
这是一个令人兴奋的时刻也是一个让人沮丧的时刻。
可能除了与自己心爱的人交往外,没有其他任何一种方式可以让学生们感觉到情感上的大起大落。
例如,在我与一个年轻的大学生共事期间,有一次他欢呼雀跃地走进我的办公室,面带笑容,而且声音激动。
他宣布:
“我刚刚度过了我一生中最美好的时光!
”他继续向我解释说如何遇到了一个超凡脱俗的年轻女子,她们的关系如何像他们想的那样浪漫。
然而,还没过一周,那个年轻人又来到我的办公室,步伐沉重,一脸沮
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