南开大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和解析Word下载.docx
- 文档编号:17531961
- 上传时间:2022-12-07
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:10
- 大小:25.36KB
南开大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和解析Word下载.docx
《南开大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和解析Word下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《南开大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和解析Word下载.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
“Electronicsonthehighwayaddressesjustoneaspectoftheproblem:
howtoregulatetrafficmoreefficiently,”explainsMichaelRenner,seniorresearcherattheworld-watchInstitute.“Itdoesn'
tdealwiththecentralproblemoftoomanycarsforroadsthatcan'
tbebuiltfastenough.Itsendspeoplethewrongmessage.Theystartthinking‘Yes,thereusedtobeatrafficcongestionproblem,butthat'
sbeensolvednowbecausewehave,advancedhigh-techsysteminplace.'
”Larsonagreesandadds,“Smarthighwaysisjustoneofthetoolsthatweusetodealwithourtrafficproblems.It'
snotthesolutionitself,justpartofthepackage.Therearedifferentstrategies.”
Othertrafficproblem-solvingoptionsbeingstudiedandexperimentedwithincludecarpooling,rapidmass-transitsystems,staggeredorflexibleworkhours,androadpricing,asystemwherebymotoristspayacertainamountforthetimetheyuseahighway.
Itseemsthatweneedanew,majorthrusttodealwiththetrafficproblemsofthenext20years.Therehastobeabigchange.
1.Whatistheappropriatetitleforthepassage?
A.SmartHighwayProjects—TheUltimateSolutiontoTrafficCongestion.
B.AQuickFixSolutionfortheTrafficProblems.
C.AVenturetoRemedyTrafficWoos.
D.HighwaysGetSmart—PartofthePackagetoRelieveTrafficGridlock.
2.Thecompoundword“quick-fix”inParagraph1,sentence3isclosestinmeaningto______.
A.anoptionalsolutionB.anexpedientsolution
C.areadysolutionD.anefficientsolution
3.Accordingtothepassage,thesmart-highwaytechnologyisaimedto______.
A.developsophisticatedfacilitiesontheinterstatehighways
B.providepassengervehiclewithavarietyofservices
C.optimizethehighwaycapabilities
D.improvecommunicationbetweendriverandthetrafficmonitors
4.AccordingtoLarsen,toredressthetrafficproblem,______.
A.carpoolingmustbestudied
B.rapidmasstransitsystemmustbeintroduced
C.flexibleworkhoursmustbeexperimented
D.overallstrategiesmustbecoordinated
5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthewholepassage?
A.Twocontrastingviewsofaproblemarepresented.
B.Aproblemisexaminedandcomplementarysolutionsareproposedoroffered.
C.Latestdevelopmentsareoutlinedinorderofimportance.
D.Aninnovationisexplainedwithitsimportanceemphasized.
Passage2
Astrangethingabouthumansistheircapacityforblindrage.Rageispresumablyanemotionresultingfromsurvivalinstinct,butthesurprisingthingaboutitisthatwedonotdeployitagainstotheranimals.Ifweencounteradangerouswildanimal—apoisonoussnakeorawildcat—wedonotflyintoatemper.Ifweareunarmed,weshowfearandattempttobackaway;
ifwearesuitablyarmed,weattack,butinarationalmannernotinarage.Wereserverageforourownspecies.Itishardtoseeanysurvivalvalueinattackingone'
sown,butifwetakeaccountofthelongcompetitionwhichmusthaveexistedbetweenourownsubspeciesandotherslikeNeanderthalmar—indeedothersstillmoreremotefromusthanNeanderthalman—manragebecomesmorecomprehensible.
Inoureverydaylanguageandbehaviortherearemanyremindersofthoseearlystruggles.Wearealwaysusingtilewords“usandthem”.“Our”sideisperpetuallytryingtododownthe“other”side.Ingamesweartificiallycreateothersubspecieswecanattack.Theoppositionof“us”and“them”isthetouchstoneofthetwo-partysystemof“democratic”politics.Althoughtherearenoveryseriousconsequencestomanyofthismodernpsychologicalrepresentationofthe“us”and“them”emotion,itisaswelltorememberthattheoriginalaimwasnottobeattheothersubspeciesinagamebuttoexterminateit.
Thereadinesswithwhichhumanbeingsallowthemselvestoberegimentedhaspermittedlargearmiestobeformed,which,takentogetherwiththe“us”and“them”blindrage,hasledtodestructiveclasheswithinoursubspeciesitself.TheFirstWorldWarisanexampleinwhichEuropedivideditselfintotwoimaginarysubspecies.AndthereisasimilarexterminationbattlenowinNorthernIreland.Theideathatthereisareligiousbasisforthisclashisillusory,fornoteventhepopehasbeenabletocontrolit.TheclashismuchmoreprimitivethantheChristianreligion,mucholderinitsemotionalorigin.TheconflictinIrelandisunlikelytostopuntilagreaterprimitivefearisimposedfromoutsidethecommunity,oruntiltilecombatantsbecomeexhausted.
6.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe______.
A.WilyHumanArmiesAreFormedB.Man'
sAngerAgainsttheWorld
C.TheHumanCapacityforRageD.EarlyStrugglesofAngryMail
7.Accordingtotheauthor,thesurprisingaspectofhumanangeris______.
A.itslengthyandcomplexdevelopment
B.aconflictsuchasisnowgoingoninNorthernIreland
C.thatwedonotflyintoatempermoreoften
D.thatwereserveangerformankind
8.Thepassagesuggeststhat______.
A.historically,wehavecreatedan“us”versus“them”society
B.humanshavehadanaturaldisinclinationtowardformalgrouping
C.theFirstWorldWarisanexampleofhowmanhasalwaysavoideddomination
D.theemotionaloriginofthewarinIrelandislostintime
9.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat______.
A.theartificialcreationofasubspeciesunlikeusissomethingthatneverhappens
B.gamesarepsychologicallyunhealthy
C.anyartificiallycreatedsubspecieswouldbeourenemy
D.therealorimaginedexistenceofanopposingsubspeciesisinherentinman'
sactivities
10.TheauthorbelievesthatareligiousexplanationforthewarinNorthernIrelandis______.
A.foundedinhistoricalfactB.deceptive
C.apparentD.accurate
PartⅢVocabulary(5points)
Directions:
Thereare10incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentence,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.
1.Mostoftheyoungpeopleholdthemistakenbeliefthatgoodsproducedinourowncountryare______toimportedones.
A.inadequateB.inappropriateC.inferiorD.interior
2.Itisnotaquestionofhowmuchamanknows,butwhatusehe______whatheknows.
A.makesforB.makesofC.makesupD.makesout
3.ThroughouttheempireofKublaiKhan,moneymadeofpaperwasusedforbusiness_______,somethingunheardofinEurope.
A.transformationsB.transmissionsC.transitionsD.transactions
4.Asthepressure______theliquidrockisforcedupthroughchannelsintheresistantrocktotheearth'
ssurface.
A.intensifiesB.magnifiesC.heightensD.deviates
5.ThestrongscentofKate'
sperfume______theairinthesmallroom.
A.radiatedB.permeatedC.extractedD.dispersed
6.Thescientificandmedicalprizeshaveprovedtobetheleast______,whilethoseforliteratureandpeacebytheirverynaturehavebeenthemostexposedtocriticaldifferences.
A.radicalB.prominentC.confidentialD.controversial
7.Theyare______toindustrialists,whoneedthevaluablecopperandnickelinthem.
A.temptingB.ticklingC.tormentingD.tricking
8.Anotherpopularmisconceptionisthe______thatgreattalentisusuallyhighlyspecific.
A.notionB.dilemmaC.domainD.analogy
9.Youcan______theloudnessoftheradiobyturningtheknobtorightorleft.
A.changeB.varyC.alterD.transform
10.Thedistancebetweentheearthandthesunmaybesaidtobe______.
A.enormousB.hugeC.vastD.immense
PartⅣErrorCorrection(10points)
Inthefollowingpassage,thereare10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetoaddaword,crossoutaword,orchangeaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided,Ifyoucrossoutaword,putaslant(/)intheblank.
Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisinfaultyorin
someotherwaydoesnotlivetothemanufacturer'
sclaimforit,thefirst
stepistopresentthewarrantyoranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthe
storeofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.Moreover,
ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 南开大学 博士研究生 入学考试 英语试题 答案 解析