阅读理解不要忽视短文标题Word文件下载.docx
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阅读理解不要忽视短文标题Word文件下载.docx
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sabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention.
Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemsto,accordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&
PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.
Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhandim(暗淡的)lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.
Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings."
Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe'
realmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw(吸管),"
architectDavidAllisonsays."
Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?
That'
swhatwe'
reallstrugglingwith."
65.Thepassagetellsusthat______.
A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople'
sfeelings
B.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents'
creativity
C.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgrades
D.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxed
简析:
如果忽视文章标题,做这道阅读理解试题就很容易误选。
实际上,B、C、D三项都是文章的内容之一,也是片面的。
分析文章标题,“房间的设计影响我们的工作和心情”,揭示了文章的主要内容和作者的写作意图,不难选出正确的答案A。
二、很多阅读理解短文,特别是广告类短文,既有总标题,又有小标题;
另外,标题都会用粗黑体字显示,非常醒目。
这些标题不仅能标明文章的脉络和结构,更重要的是能帮助我们有的放矢地搜寻文章细节,不需要从头至尾仔细阅读全文,从而节省阅读时间,提高解题能力和速度。
阅读理解的目的是高效、正确。
先浏览一下短文后的阅读理解试题,再根据小标题来确定阅读区间,快速找到解题的依据,这是做阅读理解试题的一种重要方法和技巧,它可以极大地提高阅读理解的效率。
例如,2010年高考试题全国卷II阅读理解D篇:
CoolestHotelsintheWorld
ArtauAragonTowers
TheAriauAmazonTowershotelletsyousleepinatreehouse.Eighttowersmakeupthishotelthatoffersover300rooms.Ifyoureallywanttogetintothespirit,booktheTarzanSuitewhichislargeenoughforabigfamily.You'
llbethirtyfeetupintheairandcantravelbetweenthetowersthroughtheirwoodenwalkways.
Prices:
startingat$300onenightforeachpersonforaregularroomandgoingallthewayupto$3000fortheTarzanSuite.
Formoreinformation,visitthewebsite:
http:
//H
TheIceHotel
EverywinterinJukkasjarvi,Sweden,aspecialkindofhotelcalledtheleeHotelisbuilt.Eachyear,world-famousartistsareinvitedtodesignandproduceworksofartfromtheice,manyofwhichcanbefoundintherooms.You'
llhaveyourchoicebetweenhotorcoldroomsbutyouwillbewelladvisedtostayatleastonenightinacoldroomforatrueexperience.
startingat$318onenightforeachpersonforeitheracoldroomorawarmone.
H
PropellerIsland
PropellerIslandCityLodgeisaveryspecialhotelthatwasdesignedbyaGermanartist.Eachroomprovidesyouwiththepossibilityoflivinginaworkofart.Everysinglepieceoffurnitureinthethirtyroomsofthehotelhasbeenhand-madeandeachroomiscompletelydifferent.You'
llbeabletochoosearoombasedonyourownpersonaltastes.
startingatjust$91anight,andanadditional(另外)personforonly20extradollars.Formoreinformation,visitthewebsite:
//www.propeller-
Forinformationaboutothercoolhotelsintheworld,visitthewebsite:
54.WhatisspecialabouttheAriauAmazonTowershotel?
______.
A.Youcansleepinthehouse.B.Youcanchooseanyofthetowers.
C.Itisdesignedforbigfamilies.D.Everyroomhasawalkway.
55.Formorepersonsspendinganightinoneofthesehotels,theyhavetopayatleast.
A$111B.$182C.$600D.$636
56.Whichwebsiteshouldyouvisitifyouwanttofindoutwhetherthereexistsahotelunderthesea?
________.
A.B.http:
//
C.http:
//www.propeller-D.htlp:
57.Whichhotelwouldinviteartiststocometoworkeveryyear?
______
A.PropellerBlandCityLodge.B.ArianAmazonTowers.
C.TheIceHotelD.BahamasBeachClub.
文章总标题表示本文介绍的是“世界上最‘酷’的旅馆”,小标题不仅举例说明了几个典型的旅馆,而且把文章分为几个部分,使文章结构明了、清晰。
了解到这种阅读短文的特征,我们就可以根据问题的提示,缩小阅读范围,快速地找到选择试题答案的依据。
54题,根据问题,涉及到第一个旅馆,我们可以从第一个小标题下的内容中去搜寻答案。
由第一句可知答案为A。
55题,根据问题,涉及到价格,所以我们可以只看每一个小标题末尾“price”部分内容。
通过比较,第三个旅馆的价格最低廉,每人每晚的费用是91美元,另外再加一个人只需20美元,总共是111美元,从而可知答案为A。
56题,通过快速分别扫描三个旅馆(即每一个小标题下)的第一段,发现三个都不具有这种特征。
根据常识和最后一个小标题的提示,“要想找到更多信息”,我们可以上网站查询。
故选D。
57题,通过快速扫描,我们可以从第二个旅馆中的第二句找到答案C。
【巩固练习】请同学们做下列高考试题,加深上述阅读理解方法的运用。
一、2010年湖南卷
A
L1PITOR
ABOUTLIPITOR
Lipitorisaprescriptionmedicine.Alongwithdietandexercise,itlowers“bad,’
cholesterol(胆固醇)inyourblood.Itcanalsoraise“good'
’cholesterol·
Lipitorcanlowertheriskofheartattackinpatientswithseveralcommonriskfactors,includingfamilyhistoryofearlyheartdisease,highbloodpressure,ageandsmoking·
WHOISLIPITORFOR?
WhocantakeLIPITOR:
·
Peoplewhocannotlowertheircholesterolenoughwithdietandexercise
Adultsandchildrenoverl0
WhoshouldNOTtakeLIPITOR:
Womenwhoarepregnant,maybepregnant,ormaybecomepregnant.Lipitormayharmyourunbornbaby.
.womenwhoarebreast-feeding.Lipitorcanpassintoyourbreastmilkandmayharm
yourbaby.
Peoplewithliver(肝脏)problems
POSSIBLESIDEEFFECTSOFLIPITOR
Serioussideeffectsinasmallnumberofpeople:
.Muscle(肌肉)problemsthatcanleadtokidney(肾脏)problems,includingkidneyfailure
.Liverproblems.Yourdoctormaydobloodteststocheckyourliverbeforeyoustart
Lipitorandwhileyouaretakingit.
Callyourdoctorrightawayifyouhave:
.Unexplainedmusclepainorweakness,especiallyifyouhaveafeverorfeelveryfired
.Swellingoftheface,lips,tongue,and/orthroatthatmaycausedifficultyinbreathingorswallowing
Stomachpain
SomecommonsideeffectsofLIPITORare:
Musclepain
Upsetstomach
Changesinsomebloodtests
HOWTOTAKELIPITOR
DO:
TakeLipitorasprescribedbyyourdoctor.
Trytoeatheart-healthyfoodswhileyoutakeLipitor.
TakeLipitoratanytimeofday,withorwithoutfood.
Ifyoumissadose(一剂),takeitassoonasyouremember.Butifithasbeenmorethan12hourssinceyourmisseddose,wait.Takethenextdoseatyourregulartime.
Don'
s:
Donotchangeorstopyourdosebeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.
Donotstartnewmedicinesbeforetalkingtoyourdoctor.
56.WhatisamajorfunctionofLipitor?
A.Tohelpquitsmoking.
B.Tocontrolbloodpressure.
C.Toimproveunhealthydiet.
D.Tolower"
bad"
cholesterol.
57.TakingLipitorishelpfulfor.
A.breast-feedingwomen
B.womenwhoarepregnant
C.adultshavingheartdisease
D.teenagerswithliverproblems
58.Ifithasbeenover12hourssinceyoumissedadose,youshould.
A.changetheamountofyournextdose
B,eatmorewhentakingyournextdose
C.haveadoseassoonasyouremember
D.takethenextdoseatyourregulartime
59.WhichofthefollowingisacommonsideeffectoftakingLipitor?
A.Faceswelling.B.Upsetstomach.
C.Kidneyfailure.D.Muscleweakness.
60.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Toteachpatientswaysforquickrecovery.
B.Topresentareportonascientificresearch.
C.Toshowtheimportanceofagoodlifestyle.
D,Togiveinformationaboutakindofmedicine.
二、2009年重庆卷B
HowtoBeaWinner
SirStevenRedgrave
Winnerof5OlympicGoldMedals
“In1997Iwasfoundtohavedevelopeddiabetes(糖尿病).Believingmycareer(职业生涯)wasover,Ifeltextremelylow.ThenoneofthespecialistssaidtherewasnoreasonwhyIshouldstoptrainingandcompeting.Thatwasit----theencouragementIneeded.IcouldstillbeawinnerifIbelievedinmyself.Iamnotsayingthatitisn’tdifficultsometimes.ButIwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIwasn’tfinishedyet.Nothingistostandinmyway.”
KarenPickering
SwimmingWorldChampion
“Iswim4hoursaday,6daysaweek.Imanagethatsortofworkloadbyputtingitontopofmydiary.Thisisthekeytosuccess—youcan'
tfollowacareerinanyfieldwithoutbeingwe
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