初升高暑期英语初高衔接初三升高一新高一讲义第9讲 综合复习与检测1Word文档下载推荐.docx
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初升高暑期英语初高衔接初三升高一新高一讲义第9讲 综合复习与检测1Word文档下载推荐.docx
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此部分采用补全思维导图的形式,要求学生联系已学过的语法知识点完善下列思维导图。
旨在帮助学生建立系统化的知识结构,便于解题时对具体问题进行全面和细致入微的分析。
知识点1:
思维导图
1.英语句子成分示意图
【知识梳理】
定补
Weshouldkeepthe(bright)classroom<
clean>
[everyday].
主谓宾状
知识点2:
定语从句
1.此部分内容较多,建议老师根据学生的程度选择使用;
2.对于程度中等及偏上的学生可采用以教带学的方式,每个学生负责一个知识点进行讲解,辅以对应的练习来检测学生掌握情况,对于学生错误较多之处老师进行重点讲解和拓展;
3.对于程度中等以下的学生,老师需要对每一个考点逐一进行讲解;
4.较简单的课堂练习可以采取边做边讲或者现场提问的形式以节约课堂时间。
【知识梳理1】限定性与非限定性定语从句的区别
1.限定性定语从句---是不可去掉的定语从句。
如果没有它,主句的意思就不完整。
在这种复合句中,主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。
e.g.Thebook(which/that)Ineedisnotinthelibrary.
我需要的那本书不在图书馆里。
2.非限定性定语从句—-是可以去掉的定语从句,去掉后句子的意思仍然完整。
主句和从句之间用逗号隔开,从句附加说明先行词。
e.g.LaoWang’sperformance,whichboredeveryone,wentonandon.
总结:
that不用于引导非限定性定语从句。
【知识梳理2】定语从句中关系词的选择
词形
先行词
充当从句的
关系代词
Who
人
主,宾,表
Whom
宾
Which
物
That
人或物
As
Whose(=ofwhomorofwhich)
定
关系副词
When(=inetc.+which)
时间词
状
Where
地点词
Why=(forwhich)
reason
做定语从句口诀:
三步走
①找先行词(先行词一般是名词和代词)
②划出定语从句
③看先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分是什么
④定语从句中缺什么成分就补什么成分(此成分要看先行词在定语从句中所起的作用是什么,请看上表)
【例题精讲】
1.Theschool________Ivisitedlastyearwasnottheone________Ionceworked.
A.which;
whereB.which;
whichC.where;
whichD.where;
where
2.Isthismuseum________theyvisitedlastmonth?
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone
3.Isthisthemuseum________theyvisitedlastmonth?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.theone
4.Doyouknowthatgirl________wearingareddress?
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.who’s
5.Theplace________thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbewherethecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.
A.towhichB.atwhichC.bywhichD.forwhich
6.Hewastheman________MasteroftheGamewastranslated.
A.bywhomB.bywhoC.bywhoseD.byhim
7.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom2000to2004,________hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.
A.duringwhosetimeB.duringwhichtime
C.forwhichtimeD.bythattime
8.Thereason_________I’mwritingtoyouistotellyouaboutthepartyonSaturday.
A.becauseB.whyC.forD.which
9.Thatisthereason_________hegavemeforcarryingouttheplan.
A.becauseB.whyC.howD.which
10.Thefilmissetintheperiod________thedivisionbetweenrichandpoorwasgreaterthanitisnow.
A.whereB.whenC.whichD.why
11.Doyouremembertheday_________Icametoyoutoborrowadictionary?
A.inwhichB.whichC.whenD.where
12.Shestillremembersthedays_________shespentinthecountryside.
A.whileB.thatC.whenD.duringwhich
13.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestchildthanshewastotheothers,________,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
14.Thousands,________werefromthesurroundingtowns,cametowatchtheperformance.
A.ofthosemanyB.manyofthoseC.ofthemmanyD.manyofwhom
15.Shespentalotoftimepreparingfortheinterview,________wasquiteunnecessary.
A.whichIthoughtB.whichIthoughtit
C.andIthoughtsheD.butwhichIthought
Keys:
ADCDBABBDBCBADA
【巩固练习】
用适当的关系代词、关系副词或介词加which/whom填空:
1.Sheshowedmethebook_______shepaid5dollars.
2.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,fiveof______arewomen.
3.Thisisthereason______hegaveusforhisaction.
4.Theyear1968,______theAmericanastronautsfirstlandedonthemoon,wasimportantinhistory.
5.Weareinaposition______wemaylosealargesumofmoney.
6.Thebank______wasopenedlastweekisaverymodernone.
7.Mr.Smith,______isasurgeon,isnowinSwedenasavisitingscholar.
8.Thepalace______Ioftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.
9.Thisisthereason______heleftthecompany.
10.ThecityofPisa,______Galileomadehisfamousexperimentoffallingobjects,isnowatouristcity.
11.Thehero______leftlegwaslostinthewariswelllookedafter.
12.GrannyWang,______eldestsondiedintheearthquake,livesnexttomyhouse.
13.Onthehillweremapletrees_____leaveshadturnedred.
14.Theaudience,mostof______werecollegestudents,enjoyedtheconcert.
15.Itwasanagreement,thedetailsof________couldnotbechanged.
1.forwhich2.whom3.which/that/4.when/inwhich5.where
6.which/that7.who8.towhich9.why/forwhich10.where/inwhich11.whose12.whose13.whose14.whom15.which
【知识梳理3】区别“that”or“which”
3.用that而不用which的情况
4.先行词为all,much,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,theone等不定代词时:
Imeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday.
(我指的是昨天买的那个。
)
5.先行词被形容词最高级或被theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等修饰时:
Itisthemostimportanttaskthatshouldbefinishedsoon.
(这是必须马上完成的任务。
6.先行词为数词或被序数词(含last)修饰时:
Lookattheseflowers.Youcanseethetwothatyougaveme.
(瞧这些花,你能看到你给我的那两朵。
7.先行词中既有人又有物时:
Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisited.
(我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下深刻的印象。
5)先行词在主句中作表语,或关系代词在从句中作表语时:
It’sabookthatwillhelpyoualot.
(这是本对你很有帮助的书。
Myhometownisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.
(我的故乡已经不再是过去的那个面貌了。
6)先行词为疑问代词
WhothathasvisitedtheGreatWallisnotimpressed?
8.用which,不宜用that的情况
9.关系代词前有介词:
ThisistheroominwhichLuXunlived.
(这是鲁迅住过的房子。
10.非限制性定语从句中:
Weweregivenalovelyroom,whichhadaseaview.
(我们被分到一个能看到海景的房间。
11.先行词本身是that:
Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.
(钟表是告诉人们时间的。
1.Hetookall_________washereandleftnothing.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD./
2.Youmayborrowanybook________.
A.thatyouinterestB.whichyouareinterested
C.thatinterestsyouD.whichinterestsyou
3.WhenpeopletalkaboutthecitiesoftheU.S.,thefirst________comesintomindisNewYork.
A.cityB.ofthemC.oneD.that
4.Thisisthebestfilm______haseverbeenmade.
5.Bambooishollow,______makesitverylight.
6.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?
7.Heistheonlyperson______Iwanttotalkto.
8.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
9.Thesecondquestion_______hassomethingtodowithpollutionisthemostdifficult.
10.HemustbefromAfrica,_______canbeseenfromhisskin.
CCD,that,which,that,that,that,that,which
【知识梳理4】as在定语从句中的用法
1.引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)as多与such或thesame连用,可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
Ihopetogetsuchacarasheisdriving.
(2)as也可单独使用,引导非限制性定语从句,作用相当于which。
例如:
Theelephant’snoseislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.
(3)thesame…that与thesame…as在意思上是不同的。
2.as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活,可以位于主句前面.中间或后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开,但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
(1)Asisexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.
(2)Theearthrunsaroundthesun,asisknownbyeveryone.
1.Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner________shehadpromisedus.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.as
2.________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.
A.AsB.WhichC.WhatD.When
3.Suchpeople______werementionedbyhimwerehonest.
4.______weknow,waterresourcesareverylimitedontheearth.
5.______isnatural,hemarriedMary.
D,A,as,As,As
【知识梳理5】关系副词中的一些抽象地点和时间名词
具体的地点名词后可以接where从句,但其他如case,point,situation,condition,job等表示“情况,方面”的名词也同样加where从句,这种用法源于“inthiscase,atthispoint,inthissituation,underthecondition”等短语。
具体的时间名词后可接when从句,但如果先行词为occasion,同样也加when从句。
之所以会有此类用法,源于关系副词可用介词+which的方式替换。
Therearemanycaseswherethisruledoesnotholdgood.
Hehadtofacetheconditionswherepressurewasheavy.
Iwillshowyouthepointwhereyoufail.
Thisisajobwhereyoucanlearnsomething.
Peoplemaycomeacrosstheoccasionwhentheywanttosaysomethingbutforgetwhattheyaregoingtosay.
1.Governmentreports,examinationcompositions,legaldocumentsandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations________formallanguageisused.
A.inthatB.onwhichC.inwhichD.atwhat
2.Studiesshowthatmanypeople’seyesnownevergettothestage________theyarefullyadaptedtodarkness.
A.whichB.whenC.whereD.as
3.Atthepointinourgame________I’dhavepredictedthescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor,itwasinstead7to9.
A.whenB.whereC.whomD.which
4.Histechniquehasdevelopedtothepoint________hecanhelpkillthelatestcomputervirusgoingroundthecity.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
5.Teachersshouldcreateanenvironment_________childrenaretaughthowtosolveproblemsoflearningbythemselves.
A.whereB.whyC.whichD.whose
6.Therearecases________speechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.
A.whyB.whichC.whereD.as
7.I’dliketofindajob_________Icancombinemyqualificationwithmyinterest.
A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which
8.HehasleftforBeijing,_________ameetingistobeheld.
A.whenB.whereC.asD.which
9.AfterlivinginPairsfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown________hegrewupasachild.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
10.Weoftenthinkofthedays_______wespenttogetherontheisland.
A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.that
CCADACBBCD
(此部分测试时间为30分钟左右,讲评时间为10分钟左右。
对本次所学内容进行检测)
12.规定学生必须在30分钟内完成;
13.相互交换批改,表扬正确率最高的学生;
14.做对的学生给做错的学生讲题;
15.让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。
翻译句子部分注意提醒学生检查拼写、时态语态、单复数、漏翻译错译等
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