考博英语作文写作标准规定模板Word下载.docx
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考博英语作文写作标准规定模板Word下载.docx
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Honestyisoneofthebestvirtues.Anhonestmanisalwaystrustedandrespected.Onthecontrary,onewhotellsliesisregardedasa"
liar"
,andislookeduponbyhonestpeople.
2.交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头
在文章的开头,先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。
如"
ATriptoJinshan"
(去金山旅游)的开头:
ThedaybeforeyesterdaymyclasswentonabustriptoJinshan.Thebusridetheretookthreehours.Thelongtripmadeusverytired,butthesightofthebeautifulsearefreshedus.
3.回忆性的开头
用回忆的方法来开头。
例如"
ATriptotheTaishanMountain"
(泰山游)的开头是:
IremembermyfirsttriptotheTaishanMountainasifitwereyesterday.
4.概括性的开头
即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。
如“TheHappinessofReadingBooks”(读书的快乐)的开头:
Peopleoftensaythatgoldandsilverarethemostvaluablethingsintheworld.ButIsaythattoreadbooksismorevaluablethananythingelse,becausebooksgiveusknowledgeandknowledgegivesuspower.
5.介绍环境式的开头
即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。
如“AnAccident”(一场事故)的开头是:
Itwasarainyandwindymorning.Theskywasgloomy,thetemperaturewaslow,andthestreetwasnearlyempty.Iwasonmywaybacktoschool.Suddenly,aspeedingcarcameroundthecorner.
6.交待写作目的的开头。
在文章的一开头就交待写作目的,如通过文章要表扬谁,批评谁,或说明一个什么问题等。
如"
PollutionControl"
(控制污染)的开头:
InthisarticleIshalldrawyourattentiontothesubjectofpollutioncontrol.
英语作文的文章的正文
文章的正文是由若干段落组成的,段落通常由几个或者更多的句子组成,有时候一个句子也能成段。
文章的正文应以文章的开头为线索,具体地叙述、说明或论证文章的主题。
文章不论长短,每个段落都必须为主题服务。
像说明文和议论文这一类的文章,一个主题还常分成几个小主题,每个小主题要用一个段落处理,另起一段时,应是一层新的意思。
每一段的开头,要放一个表示段落小主题的主题句,这样可使文章条理化,易于阅读,便于读者抓住主题。
段内的所有句子应围绕主题句的意义加以阐述或论证,为中心思想服务。
句子之间应衔结自然,有条不紊,而且还要合乎逻辑,段落中不能出现任何与主题无关的句子;
英语写作比较重视主题句的作用,缺少它段落意义就会含糊不清。
主题句也可放在段落的中间和末尾等部位,但对初学者来说,以放在段首为好。
见下列这篇题为"
HowtoBeaGoodStudent"
(怎样做个好学生)的文章:
Westudentsarethebuildersandmastersofthecountry.Itisimportantforustoknowhowtobeagoodstudent.
Agoodstudent,Ithink,shouldbediligentinhisstudies.Themorehestudies,themorehewillincreasehisknowledge.Withoutenoughknowledge,wecannotmakegreatcontributionstothemodernizationofourcountry.
Totakecareofone'
sownbodyisanotherimportantthingforgoodstudenttodo.Anyone,whohasn'
tgotastrongbody,candonothingforhiscountry,evenifhehasmuchknowledge.Therewasaman,who,whenhewasstudent,studiedhardbutneglectedhishealth.Nosoonerdidhecometoservethecountrythanhediedofpoorhealth.Fromthiswemayseethattohaveastrongbodyisreallyveryimportantforastudent.
Lastly,tocultivateone'
sownvirtueismostimportant.Virtueistheessenceofanobleandgoodcharacter.Itwillgreatlyhelponetobeusefulandhiscountryheartandsoul.Whenlearnedpeoplegoastray,theydomoreharmthangoodtosociety.Weshoulddrawlessonsfromthis.
这篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主题,第二、第三和第四段则是文章的正文,每—段的第一句即是段落的主题句,它们既支持了文章中心的观点和思想,同时又概括了全段的意思。
在同一段落中,其余的句子都围绕主题句所表示的中心展开,同时句子间的衔结也很自然;
各层的意思都很连贯。
分段是文章组织上重要的一步,但如果写的题目范围很小,那就无须再将题目分成小的主题,并分入各个段落去阐述了。
像一篇简短的评论;
某一事情的简短记载,某一个想法的说明,对一个人物或一件事情的简要叙述或说明等,就可以只用一个段落来表现主题。
在记叙文中,段的结构有时可以很简单,不需要有主题句,叙事一气呵成,中途没有停顿。
段与段之所以分开,只是为了起修辞作用,以便把某一细节置于显著的地位。
某些测试用的表达题,在题目中就已经说明只需要根据。
所给的提示写一个段落,而不是一篇文章。
对于这一类的写作试题,就可以予以简洁的处理,并不是非要扩充成一篇有头有尾的完整文章。
下面这篇题为“WeekendHomework”(谈周末作业)的短文,就是用一个段落来论述问题和表达观点的。
UsallySaturdaynightisthetimeforstudentstogetbacktotheirdesksanddotheirweekendhomework.Sixschooldaysareenoughforthestudentswhohavemanyotherinterests.Ithinkweekendhomeworkshouldnotbegiven.WithhomeworkarrangedforSaturdaynightandthewholeofSunday,whencanhefindtimetohelparoundthehouse,playagameoffootballorseeagoodfilm,orjustrelax?
InfactweekendhomeworkisusuallyputoffuntilSundaynight.Asaresultourhomeworkisdoneverypoorlyandweachivenoresults.Iftherewerenohomeworkonweekends,studentswouldgotoschoolonMondaywellrested,willingtowork.Teachers,don'
tyouagree?
英语作文的文章的结尾
文章结尾的作用是概括全文内容,进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意义表达得更加深刻。
文章结尾的形式也是多种多样的,常见的有以下几种:
1.首尾呼应,画龙点睛
在文章的结尾,把含义较深的话放在末尾,以点明主题,深化主题,起到画龙点睛的效果。
ICannotForgetHer"
(我忘不了她)的结尾:
Afterherdeath,Ifeltasifsomethingweremissinginmylife.Iwassadoverherpassingaway,butIknewshewouldnothavehadanyregretsathavinggivenherlifeforthebenefitofthepeople.
2.重复主题句
结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上,达到强调的效果。
如“ILoveMyHomeTown”(我爱家乡)的结尾:
Ilovemyhometown,andIloveitspeople.Theytoohavechanged.Theyaregoingallouttodomoreforthegoodofourmotherland.
3.自然结尾
随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾。
如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾:
Icaughtasmanyastwentyfishintwohours,butmybrothercaughtmanymore.Tiredfromfishing,welaydownontheriverbank,bathinginthesun.Wereturnedhomeverylate.
4.含蓄性的结尾
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法,而是让读者自己去领会和思考。
如“ADayofHarvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾:
Eveningcamebeforewerealizedit.Weputdownoursicklesandlookedateachother.Ourclotheswerewetwithsweat,butoneveryfacetherewasasmile.
5.用反问结尾
虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,并具有特别的强调作用,引起读者深思。
ShouldWeLearntoDoHousework?
"
(我们要不要学做家务?
)的结尾。
Everyoneshouldlearntodohousework.Don'
tyouagree,boysandgirls?
6.指明方向,激励读者
结尾表示对将来的展望,或期待读者投入行动。
如“Let'
sGoinforSports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾:
Aswehavesaidabove,sportscanbeofgreatvalue.Theynotonlymakepeoplelivehappilybutalsohelppeopletolearnvirtuesanddotheirworkbettter.Asoundmindisinasoundbody.Let'
sgoinforsports.
文章的结尾没有一定的模式,可以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。
一般的习惯是,一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法;
但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语,以便使文章首尾呼应,结构完整。
英语作文模板
(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)
Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat__作文题目_____.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat_观点一________.Intheirviewsthereare2factorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:
inthefirstplace,___原因一_______.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,___原因二_____.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people holdtheideathat___观点二_______.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand,___原因一____.Ontheotherhand,__原因二___.Therefore,there isno doubt that___观点二______.
AsfarasIamconcerned,I firmly support the view that__观点一或二______. It isnotonlybecause________,butalsobecause_________.Themore_______,themore
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)___作文题目______.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin__题目议题_____.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,___优点一______.Andsecondly___优点二_____.
JustAsapopularsayinggoes,"
everycoinhastwosides"
__讨论议题______isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,___缺点一______.Inaddition,____缺点二______.
Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof__讨论议题____intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe____讨论议题___.
(3)答题性议论文
Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)__作文题目_______.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.
Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,__途径一______.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis___途径二_____.
Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof_作文题目,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,_方法
(4)谚语警句性议论文
Itiswellknowtousthattheproverb:
"
___谚语_______"
hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans____谚语的含义_______.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)
Acaseinpointis___例子一______.Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb____谚语_____.
WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:
____谚语_____.Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.
(5)图表作文的框架
Asisshown/indicated/illustratedbythefigure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart),___作文题目的议题_____hasbeenonrise/decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadilyrising/decreasingfrom______in_______to______in_____.Fromthesharp/markeddecline/riseinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat________.
There are at least two good reasonsaccountingfor______.On the one hand,________.On the other hand, _______is due to the fact that________. In addition,________is responsible for_______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonlyconvincing.
As far as I am concerned, Iholdthepointofviewthat_______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
(6)实用性写作(申请信)
Youraddress
Month,Date,year
Receiver'
saddress
Dear...,
Iamextremelypleasedtohearfromyou./toseeyouradvertisementforthepositionin....AndIwouldliketowritealettertotellyouthat.../IamconfidentthatIamsuitableforthekindofthejobyouareadvertising..../IfeelIamcompetenttomeettherequirementsyouhavelisted.Ontheonehand,....Ontheotherhand,....Iamenclosin
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