Techniques of Translating Business English Correspondence into ChineseWord文档格式.docx
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Techniques of Translating Business English Correspondence into ChineseWord文档格式.docx
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ThefunctionofthebusinessEnglishcorrespondenceistoconveybusinessinformation.IthasitsownlanguagestylewhichformsthelanguagefeaturesofbusinessEnglishcorrespondence.TherearesevenlanguagefeaturesofbusinessEnglishcorrespondence:
completeness,concreteness,clearness,conciseness,courtesy,considerationandcorrectness.
2.1Completeness
IfonewantstowriteasuccessfulandhighlyeffectivebusinessEnglishcorrespondence,hislettermusthavetwoaspects:
completenessoffactsandcompletenessofexplanation.
Forexample:
Supposeabusinessmaniswritingalettertohissuppliertellinghimthathisgoodswerenotdeliveredontime,hislettershouldincludethefollowing:
(a)Remindinghimofhispromiseoftimelydelivery.
(b)Hebrokehispromise.
(c)Whatlosseshasthiscausedyou?
(d)Askingforcompensationifthereisanyagreementonthat.
(e)Expectingnosuchthingwillhappenagain.(胡鑑明,2001:
11)
2.2Concreteness
ABusinessEnglishcorrespondenceshouldbespecific,definiteandpersuasivebutnottobevague,generalandabstract.Forexample:
(1)a.Wewishedtoconfirmourtelexdispatchedyesterday.
b.WeconfirmourtelexofJuly2nd,2000(concrete).(廖瑛,2003:
4)
(2)a.Ourapplesareexcellent.
b.Ourapplesarejuicy,crispyandtender(concrete).(胡鑑明,2001:
9)
Insentencesbinthetwoexamples,“July2nd”,“juicy”,“crispy”,and“tender”aredefiniteandspecific,containingconcretemessage,whileinsentencesa,“yesterday”and“excellent”arevagueandabstract.
2.3Clearness
ClearnessisanimportantlanguagefeatureinbusinessEnglishcorrespondence.Thefinalpurposeof“clearness”istomakesurewhatonewroteissoclearthatitcan’tbemisunderstood.Clearnessmeans:
1)Onesentenceforonemeaningonly.
2)Theremustbealogicalrelationshipbetweenrelevantsentences.Noreversionorrepetitionallowedtoappear.(胡鑑明,2001:
Theitalicwordsinthetwoexamplesbelowarenotclearenough.
(3)“Fluctuationintheexchangerateafterthedateofcontractsigningwillbeforthebuyer’saccount.”
Improved:
“Anyincreaseordecreaseintheexchangerateafterthedateofcontractsigningwillbeforthebuyer’saccount.”(胡鑑明,2001:
(4)“Theyhavealsoadecidedadvantageinregardtofreight.”
“Theyhavealsoadecidedadvantageinregardtofreightcharges.”(胡鑑明,2001:
Theauthorshouldpayattentiontotheword“freight”whichhasdifferentmeanings:
“freightcharges”,“cargo”,or“transportation”.
2.4Conciseness
Concisenesscansavethetimeofboththewriterandtheaddressee.Concisenessmeanstheauthorshouldclearlyexpresswhathewantstodowithafewwordsintheconditionofconsideringcompleteness,concretenessandcourtesy.Forexample:
(5)Wordy:
Iwishtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoyouforyourkindcooperation.
Concise:
Thankyouforyourcooperation.
(6)Wordy:
wehavebeguntoexportourmachinestotheforeigncountries.
wehavebeguntoexportourmachines.(廖瑛,2003:
14-15)
2.5Courtesy
CourtesyisaveryimportantlanguagefeatureofBusinessEnglishcorrespondence.Acourteousexpressioninalettercanhelptosetupanhonestandenthusiasticimpressiontothereaders.Courtesynotonlymeanspoliteness,butalsomeanscaringabouttheinterestsofthecustomersandofferingthecustomersconvenienceintheirwork.
Inordertobecourteous,oneshouldusetheexpressionwiththemeaningofjoy,thanks,regretorwithrequestingtone,suchasplease…,thankyoufor…,weareafraid…,wewouldsuggest…,andsoon.Forexample:
Wearepleasedtoinformyouthatthecommoditiesyouareinterestedinfallwithinthescopeofourbusinessactivities.(王乃彦,2005:
20)
2.6Consideration
Considerationmeansoneshouldputhimselfinthepositionoftheoppositeparty.Forexample,aletterpromotingone’sownproductshouldtelltheprospectivebuyerwhatbenefithewillgetifhebuysthegoods.Thus,itwillbeeasiertoarousehisinterestanddesiretobuy.Forinstance:
Acceptanceofourofferfrommanycustomershasproventhatourpricesarereasonable.Yourorderinquantitieswillsurelyaccordwiththemarketdemandatyourendandbeofgreatbenefittoyourcompany.(胡鑑明,2001:
10)
2.7Correctness
CorrectnessmeanstheexpressioninbusinessEnglishlettersmustbecorrect.Thefacts,wordsandfiguresmustbeaccurateandcan’tbeoverstatedorunderstated.Forexample:
(7)Thisproductisabsolutelythebestoneonthemarket.
(8)Thisproductisthebestonewecansupply.(廖瑛,2003:
26)
Inexample(7),itisverydifficulttoguaranteethatthisproductisabsolutelythebestoneonthemarket,soitisoverstated.Andexample(8)clearlystatesthefact,soit’sbetter.
3.ThelanguagefeaturesofbusinessChinesecorrespondence
3.1Exactness
Exactnessmeansaccuracyandappropriateness.Inordertomakeabusinesscorrespondenceexact,theauthorhadbetterusestandardChinesewordsandpayattentiontothedifferencesofsynonyms,suchasthewords“优良,优秀”.Boththetwowordshavethemeaningof“goodness”,butalsohavedifferentgrades.Theword“优秀”isusedtomodifybothhumanandthingsandtheword“优良”isalwaysusedtomodifythings.Andthensuitableprepositionalstructuresshouldbeused.Theuseofprepositionalstructurecanmakesentencesmuchmoreaccurateandprecise.Forexample,peopleusuallyuse“为”,“为了”,“由于”toshowthepurposeorcauseanduse“根据,依据,遵照”toexpressthebasisorway.
3.2Conciseness
BusinessChinesecorrespondenceisclearinmeaningandshortinsentencestructure.Inordertobeconcise,oneshouldavoidusinglongandwordysentences.Oneshouldusemoreimperativesentencebecauseitismoredirectandclearandcanavoidsomeunnecessarymistakes.Besides,subjectlesssentencewhichcanmakethesentencemoreconciseshouldbeusedcorrectly.Forexample:
ifabusinessmanwantstoexpresshisappreciationtotheotherpartofthisbusinessforhiscooperation,hewillsay“感贵方真诚合作”,butdonotsay“我方感贵方真诚合作”.Thereasonisthesecondsayingiswordy.
3.3Plainness
Asisknowntoall,officialdocumentsaredifferentfromliteraryworks.Theaimofliteraryworkistoamusereaders,buttheaimofofficialdocumentsistostatetherealmattersandtrytosolvethem.So,whenwritingbusinessChinesecorrespondence,theauthorjustneedstoexpresstherealproblemsandrequirementsconcisely.Avoidtheambiguousexpression.Forinstance:
thewords“大约,大概,几乎”shouldnotbeusedinbusinessChinesecorrespondence.InordertomakeabusinessChinesecorrespondenceplainandclear,theconcretewordsorfigurewordsshouldbeusemorefrequently.
3.4Seriousness
SeriousnessisalsoanimportantlanguagefeatureofbusinessChinesecorrespondence.Inordertomaintaintheseriousnessinbusinesscorrespondence,thewritershouldpayattentiontoseveralthings.Firstly,heshoulduseformalwords,Forexample,using“积累资金”insteadof“攒钱”.Secondly,heshouldusepropercustomarywords,forexample,using“贵”insteadof“你”andusing“本”insteadof“我”.Finally,heshouldusesomeclassicalChineseproperly.Forexample,using“业经”insteadof“已经过”andusing“妥否”insteadof“妥当不妥当”.
4.ThetranslationprinciplesofbusinessEnglishcorrespondence
Inrecentyears,manyscholarsandtranslatorshavedevotedtheirmindstothetranslationofbusinessEnglish.Althoughthereisn’tanauthoritativecriteriafortranslationofbusinessEnglishcorrespondence,thethreeprinciplesbelowarecommonlyaccepted.Theyarefaithfulness,smoothnessandexpressiveness.AnauthornamedHuSanningsaid,“Byfaithfulness,wemeantobefaithfulnotonlytotheoriginalcontents,totheoriginalmeaningandviews,butalsototheoriginalformandstyle.Bysmoothnessandexpressiveness,wemeannotonlyeasyandreadablerendering,butalsoidiomaticexpressioninthetargetlanguage,freefromstiffformulaandmec
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