第5部分填词补文.docx
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第5部分填词补文.docx
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第5部分填词补文
第五部分:
填词补文
(第31~40题,每题1.5分,共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白,短文后列出12个词,其中,10个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
分析句子成分,根据所缺的成分确定词类,这样可以大大缩小范围,提高效率和正确率。
现在把句子成分和词类进行匹配:
(1)缺主语用名词或动名词。
例如:
Diligencecanmakeupforalackofintelligence.
Learningaforeignlanguagewellisimportantforus.
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!
【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor
themissinginformation.His_______resultedintheaccident.A.carelessnessB.
careC.carefulD.
careless【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词。
该句空格处要填的词作主语,故选择名词,所以从A或B中进行选择,但B项含义不符,故正确答案为A。
该句的意思是"他的粗心大意引起了这起事故。
"【知识点】填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词
(2)缺谓语用动词。
例如:
HeishelpingthelittlegirlwithherEnglishnow.
GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasincetheintroductionofthereformand
openingpolicy.
Hertopicwascomplex,butshesimplifieditinawaythatwecouldall
understand.
(3)缺宾语用名词。
例如:
Anypolicythatcreatesunemploymentwillmeetwithstrongresistance.
Thetestmeasureslanguagelearners'achievementinreadingEnglishnovels.
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!
【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor
themissinginformation.WhenIsawher,she_______atthecomputer.A.workerB.
isworkedC.wasworkingD.
worked【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺谓语用动词。
本句缺少谓语动词,故首先排除A。
B选项时态和从句的时态矛盾,故应排除。
根据时间状语从句,本句的主句部分应该使用过去进行时态,故选C。
【知识点】填词补文之缺谓语用动词
(4)缺表语用形容词或名词。
联系动词包括be(am,is,are),变化词(become,get,turn,go,fall),保持动词(keep,
stay,remain),感官动词(look,sound,taste,smell,feel)等。
例如:
Itisverylovely.
Shewasfrightenedwhensheheardabouttheaccident.
Thetrafficlighthasturnedyellow,soyou'dbetterwaitawhile.
Ifyoudon'tputthemeatinthefridgeinhotsummer,itwillgobadsoon.
Everythinghasfallenquietatthedisappointingnews.
Hedecidedthathewouldkeepsinglehiswholelife.
Tostayhealthy,we'dbetterhaveproperexerciseseveryday.
Theclothfeelsverysoft.
Heisaworkerwhilehiswifeisanactress.
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!
【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor
themissinginformation.Histeacherhelpedhimstay_______whileteachinghim
mathinhisnativeSpanish.A.smartnessB.beingsmartC.smartD.
smartly【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词。
本句中stay意为"保持",是联系动词,后面要接形容词作表语,故正确答案为C。
【知识点】填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词
(5)缺定语应该考虑形容词,其次是名词。
例如:
aninterestingstory(此处补充-ing/-ed的区别)
ahugemistake
acarefulstudent
death/birth/marriage/divorcerate
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!
【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor
themissinginformation.Hetoldusan_______factthatthe_______rateofthe
studentsinthatsmallvillagewasveryhigh.A.astonishing,dropoutB.
astonished,dropoutsC.astonish,dropoutingD.astonishment,
dropout【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少定语用形容词或名词。
本句中空格处需要填的词在句子作定语,故首选形容词,次选名词。
"令人吃惊的事实"是an
astonishingfact。
"……率"需要用名词作定语,故选择dropout
rate意为"辍学率"。
故正确答案为A。
【知识点】填词补文之缺少定语用形容词或名词
(6)缺状语用副词,副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
例如:
Heiswalkingveryslowly.
Learningaforeignlanguagewellisextremelyimportanttopeopleworkingin
jointventures.
Undoubtedly,TaiwanispartofChina.
Unluckily,hewasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!
【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor
themissinginformation.Afterhisdivorce,hebegantodrink_______.A.
heavinessB.heavierC.heavilyD.heavy【答案】C
【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺状语用副词。
本句中需要填入的单词修饰动词drink,作状语,故需要选择副词C。
【知识点】填词补文之缺状语用副词
(7)非谓语动词
分词请务必搞清楚现在分词和过去分词的区别:
前者表示主动,后者表示被动;前者表示动作正在进行,后者表示动作已经完成。
例如:
theexploitingclass剥削阶级/theexploitedclass
developingcountries/developedcountries
Whenhecameto,hefoundhimselflyinginhospital.
Whenhegotoffthebus,hefoundhiswalletstolen.
Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimselfheard.
Finishing/Havingfinishedhishomework,hedecidedtoseeafilm.
Finished/Havingbeenfinished,hishomeworkgotanA.
Weather/Timepermitting,wewillgoforanoutingthisweekend.
Theblindmanguidedbytheboy,theyslowlywentacrossthestreet.
不定式包括两种形式:
todosth.,dosth.
常接dosth.作宾补的动词有:
一感(feel),二听(listento,hear),三让(let,make,have),四看(see,
notice,watch,lookat),半帮助(help)。
例如:
Iheardhimsingingthesongjustnow.(注意区分:
Iheardhimsingthesong.)
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!
【单选题】Decidewhichofthefollowingisthebestchoicefor
themissinginformation.Youmayhaveevenheardthem_______topeoplesaying
thereisanythingdifferentaboutthem.A.objectB.objectiveC.objectionD.
objectively【答案】A【解析】本题考查接秃头不定式作宾补的动词hear。
hearsb.do
sth,意为"听到某人做了某事",object意为"反对",后面接宾语时要先加介词to,即构成"objectto(doing)
sth."的结构。
objective意为"(作形容词)客观的;(作名词)目标";objection意为"反对";objectively为副词,意为"客观地"。
本句不要误以为需要修饰动词短语hear
them的状语而误选了副词D。
本句需要填入空格的是作宾补的动词形式,故选择A。
【知识点】接秃头不定式作宾补的动词
(8)介词后接名词或动名词构成介宾结构。
例如:
payforone'seducation
sufferfromcancer
lookforwardtohearingfromsb.
Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.
Passage1(选自大纲样题)
A.requiredE.increaseI.decision
B.roseF.beganJ.easy
C.pulledG.interestsK.struggle
D.extraH.primarilyL.currently
解题方法:
把词分类
动词名词形容词副词
A.requiredE.increaseD.extraH.primarily
B.roseG.interestsJ.easyL.currently
C.pulledI.decision
E.increaseK.struggle
F.began
K.struggle(引申为:
困难,艰巨的任务)
TeachYourKidsatHome
Asmostkidswentbacktoschoolatthebeginningofthesemesterinthefall,a
smallbutgrowingarmyofparentsjustsaidnotoschool.SomepeoplelikeJean
Forbesthoughttheirchildrenneeded31Dattention.Forbesisaformeractress
whosecurrentcareeristeachinghertwosons.HersonAllenis
dyslexic(有诵读困难的).She32Chimoutofpublicschoolsixyearsagobecauseshe
feltteachersweren'thelpinghimenough.
Otherparentswanttogivetheirkidsthechancetofollowtheir33Gratherthan
atextbook.OutsideLosAngeles,NancyKinsey'skidsarestudyingbatsright
now.Theystudyeverythingfromtheirdiettotheirwingspan(翼展)tothe
specificsoftheirnaturalhabitat.Theyhaveevenbuiltabathouseinthe
backyard,andthistask34Amanyhoursofpracticalmathproblems.
Therearealsoparentswhochoosehomeschoolingtosolvewhattheythinkisa
short-termproblemandfindalong-termchallenge.EricandJoyceBurgess35
FhomeschoolingnearlyadecadeagoaftertheirsonEricJr.hadadisastrous
yearatafamoushighschool.Itwasa(n)36Katfirst;neitherisa
professionalteacher.ButasEricJr.'sconfidence37Bathome,sodidJoyce's,
andshenowteachesherotherkidsathomeaswell.
Whiletherearenonationalstatistics,researcherswhostudyhomeschooling
estimatethat1.5millionyoungstersarecurrentlybeingtaught38Hbytheir
mothersandfathers.That'sfivetimesthenumberofhomeschoolersjustadecade
agoandbiggerthanthenation'slargestpublic-schoolsystemofNewYorkCity.
The39Eisespeciallyremarkable(非凡的,卓越的,不寻常的)inaneraoftwo-incomefamilies,
sinceitrequiresoneparenttostayhomeatsomefinancialsacrifice.
Despitealltheadvantagesofhomeschooling,itisnota(n)40Jjob.Home
schoolingisnotsomethingyoushouldrushinto;itisacommitmentthathasto
befollowedthrough.
小贴士:
把词分类,然后根据所缺的句子成分去分析所需的词类,可以大大缩小备选范围,从而提高正确率。
Passage2(选自Self-Assessment2)
A.wondersE.alwaysI.already
B.doubtF.successfulJ.treasure
C.comeG.carefulK.praise
D.beginsH.singleL.offers
解题方法:
把词分类
动词名词形容词副词
A.wondersA.wondersF.carefulE.always
B.doubtB.doubtG.carefulI.already
C.comeJ.treasureH.single
D.beginsK.praise
J.treasureL.offers
K.praise
L.offers
ThePowerofPositiveWordsintheFamily
1Asawriterandpsychotherapist(心理医师),Ihavebeenusingwordscarefullymost
ofmylife.Whilecounselingahusbandandwife,Inoticethata(31)___H___
wordcanstirtheiremotionsandtaketheirconversationtoadarkplacethat
theybothknowisnegative.
2Worldpeace(32)___D___withpeaceinthefamily.Asatherapist治疗师,I've
heardmanyadultsrecitehurtfulwordstheyhearddecadesagofromaparentora
brotherorsister.Careinspeakingtochildrenrequiresadegreeof
self-possession,theabilitytoseepasttheblindemotionofthemomenttothe
needsofthechild.Goodwords(33)___C___fromthatgreatervision.
3Forexample,wordsofextremepraisecando(34)___A___fortheinjuredego
(自我)ofachildorspouse.Sometimesit'shelpfultogivewordstowhatis
usuallyleftunspoken."Iappreciatewhatyoudidforme.I'mhappythatyou're
withme."Simple,directandheart-feltwordsof(35)___K___,appreciationand
gratitudeoftengounsaid,whentheycouldbeahandy便利的,手边的meansofhealing.
Wordshurtandwordsheal.
4Everyday(36)___L___opportunitiestosaywordsofencouragementand
recognition.Nomatterhowstrongor(37)___F___weare,weallneedsuch
words.Butoftentheymayseemunnecessary.Myruleis:
ifthethoughtoccursto
metosaysomethingsupportive,Isayit.Youcanneverspeaktoooftenin
praiseandappreciation.Youcanalsoreceivethatpraise,whenitcomes,
gracefully-withwords."Thankyouforsayingthat.Ineedtohearthat."
5Afriendofourfamily,anintelligent,progressiveCatholicpriest,(38)
___E___praisesourchildrentotheskies.Heisveryextremeinhislanguage,
andeveryoneknowsheoverdoesitwithhispraise.Butwealllovetoseehim,
andwe(39)___J___hisfriendship.Wedon'tneedrealismandmoderation(适度)from
suchafriend.
6Everywheretoday,marriagepartnersandchildrenareindistress在困境中.Ihave
no(40)___B___thatonesimplesolutionwouldbetoofferthemwordsof
support.Whenusedwithcare,languagecanbetherapeutic治疗的,有益于健康的.Even,and
maybeespecially,whenapersonisbeingdifficultandaggressive,wordsof
understandingandaffirmation,realisticandfelt,canoftenhelp.
Passage3(选自Self-Assessment3)
A
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