07年四川大学外语学院英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业参考样题基础Word下载.docx

07年四川大学外语学院英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业参考样题基础Word下载.docx

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PartOneReadingComprehension（40points）

I.ClozeTest（10points）

Chooseoneofthefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C],[D]tocompletethearticle.Writeyouranswerontheanswersheet.Besurethatthenumberoftheanswersisinagreementwiththenumberoftheblanks.

Musiccomesinmanyforms;

mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.Attheturnofthecenturywhenjazzwasborn,Americahadnoprominent1ofitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenjazzwas2,orbywhom.Butitbegantobeheardintheearly1900s.JazzisAmerica’scontributiontopopularmusic.Incontrasttoclassicalmusic,which3formalEuropeantraditions,jazzisspontaneousandfreeform.Itbubbleswithenergy,4themoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920sjazz5likeAmerica,andasitdoestoday.The6ofthismusicareasinterestingasthemusicitself.AmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,werethejazz7.TheywerebroughttoSouthernStatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtoplantationownersandforcedtoworklonghours.WhenaNegrodied,hisfriendsandrelatives8aprocessiontocarrythebodytothecemetery.InNewOrleans,abandoftenaccompaniedtheprocession.Onthewaytothecemeterythebandplayedslow,solemnmusicsuitedtotheoccasion.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Deathhadremovedoneoftheir9,butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic,improvisingonboththeharmonyandthemelodyofthetunes10atthefuneral.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.

1.[A]music[B]song[C]melody[D]style

2.[A]discovered[B]acted[C]invented[D]designed

3.[A]forms[B]follows[C]approaches[D]introduces

4.[A]expressing[B]explaining[C]exposing[D]illustrating

5.[A]appeared[B]felt[C]seemed[D]sounded

6.[A]origins[B]originals[C]discoveries[D]resources

7.[A]players[B]followers[C]fans[D]pioneers

8.[A]demonstrated[B]composed[C]hosted[D]formed

9.[A]number[B]members[C]body[D]relations

10.[A]whistled[B]sung[C]presented[D]showed

II.Readingcomprehension:

（30points）

Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyatotaloffifteenmultiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandwriteyouranswerontheanswersheet.

Passage1

LloydsTSB,theUK’sbiggesthighstreetbank,isbeingforcedtowithdrawamemowhichordersitsbranchstaffnottoswitchcustomersintoaccountsthatwouldpaythemhigherratesofinterest.

Thebankwilltodaywritetoeveryoneofits2,600branchesto“clarify”thecontentsofaninternalmemo,whichtellsstaffitis“unacceptable”toinformcurrentaccountcustomersthattheycouldmakebetterreturnbyshiftingsparecashintoaccountswithhigherreturns.TheaveragebalanceinaLloydsTSBaccountisunderstoodtobe2,000andifhalfofeverybalancewasmovedintoanalternativeinstantaccessaccountoperatedbyLloyds,thebankwouldhavetopayanestimated$160millioninadditionalinterestinayear.Lloyds,whichhas7millioncustomersandlastyearmademorethan$3billionprofit,pays0.3percentinterestonitscurrentaccount.Itsinstantaccessaccountoffers3.4percent.Thememotoldstafftheycouldloseoutonincentiveschemerewards—includingcashbonusesandforeignholidays—iftheywerecaughtswitchingcashoutoflowinterestaccounts.

AspokeswomanforLloydsTSBsaidthememo,entitledKeySalesandServiceObjectives,wasdesignedtoimproveservicelevelsandhadbeen“quotedoutofcontext”.ItwaswrittenbyMikeMitchell,thebank’snationalsalesmanager,andcirculatedinJanuary.Itwasdesignedtostopitsstaffopeningnewaccountsmerelytoreceiveincentiveschemepoints.Staffareallowed,however,tomakeothersuggestionstocustomers,includingsellingthemfinancialservicessuchasunittrustinvestmentsandprivatehealthinsurance,whichgeneratesubstantialprofitsforthebank.Branchworkerswhosuccessfullysellsuchproductsreceiveincentiveschemerewards,directlyrelatedtohowmuchprofitthebankmakesfromthem.Thebank’sspokeswomansaid:

“Thespiritofthismemo,ofputtingcustomersfirst,hasbeenobfuscatedbysentenceswhicharemeanttosayonethingbutmaybeinterpretedassayinganother.”Insomecases,sheclaimed,thosewithhighsumstoinvestcangetbetterreturnsfromtheirexistingcurrentaccountsbecausetheinterestraterisesasthebalancegoesup.Butsheadmittedthatthememotellsstaffthatallcurrentaccountswitches“mustbeinitiatedbythecustomer”,andthatstaffarenotallowedtoadvisecustomerstheirmoneymightearnbetterreturnsinalternativeaccounts.Theonlytimesuchsuggestionscanbemade,saysthememo,isinaformalone-to-oneinterviewwiththecustomer.Thebankinsistedthatthememowasdesignedtoimprovecustomerservice,butithasangeredbranchstaff,whobelievetheyarebeingorderednottooperateinthecustomers’bestinterests.

TheLloyds’spokeswomanadded:

“Weagreethatthismemomaybemisinterpreted.”Thebank’sdeputychiefexecutive,MichaelFairley,hasintervenedandwillberewritingthememo.

1.Accordingtothepassage,LloydsTSBisgoingtowithdrawitsinternalmemocirculatedinJanuarybecause.

[A]ithasbeenmadeknowntothegeneralpublic

[B]ithasbeenopposedbyallitscustomers

[C]itismisinterpretedbyitsbranchstaff

[D]itisconsideredagainstcustomers’bestinterests

2.ThespokeswomanforLloydsTSB’scommentthatthememohadbeen“quotedoutofcontext”couldbeconsidered.

[A]aconfessionofthebank’smalpractice

[B]aguaranteeofimprovementofthebank’sservice

[C]aresponsetocriticismsofthememo

[D]ahinttowithdrawandrewritethememo

3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethataccordingtothememo,thebranchstaff.

[A]willgetnocashbonusesiftheysellprivatehealthinsurancetocustomers

[B]willreceivenoincentiveschemerewardsiffoundshiftingcustomerscashintohigherinterestaccounts

[C]cannotmakeanysuggestionsinaformalone-to-oneinterviewwithcustomers

[D]shallnevertellcustomerstheinterestratesofdifferentaccounts

4.Theword“obfuscated”usedinparagraph3canbereplacedby.

[A]clarified[B]strengthened[C]obscured[D]weakened

5.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat.

[A]theinterestrateofaninstantaccessaccountishigherthanthatofacurrentaccount

[B]theinterestratecanriseasthebalanceinanaccountgoesuptoacertainlevel

[C]thememodoesnotallowaccountswitchesinitiatedbycustomers

[D]thememoencouragesbankworkerstosellmorefinancialservicestocustomers

Passage2

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion—aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:

knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,neitheranxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:

theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:

peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist;

inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbondsamongmembersofgroups.Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:

sinceearningwouldnotbringenjoyment,therewouldbenoincentivetowork.Infact,therewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.Foraswewillsee,incentivesimplyacapacitytoenjoythem.

Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.True,weconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject’sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous—hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.Wealsousecategorizationscoloredbyemotionsinourfamilies,communities,andoverallsociety.Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare“good”andothersare“bad”,andweapplythesecategoriestoeveryaspectofoursociallife—fromwhatfoodsweeatandwhatclothesweweartohowwekeeppromisesandwhichpeopleourgroupwillaccept.Infact,societyexploitsouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyalty,morality,pride,shame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.Itgiveshighrewardstoindividualswhoperformimportanttaskssuchassurgery,makesheroesoutofindividualsforunusualordangerousachievementssuchasflyingfighterplanesinawar,andusesthelegalandpenalsystemtomakepeopleafraidtoengageinantisocialacts.

6.Thereasonwhypeoplemightnotbeabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotionisthat.

[A]theywouldnotbeabletotellthetextureofobjects

[B]theywouldnotknowwhatwasbeneficialandwhatwasharmfultothem

[C]theywouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutlove

[D]theywoulddothingsthathurteachother’sfeelings

7.Accordingtothepassage,people’slearningactivitiesarepossiblebecausethey.

[A]enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthing

[B]knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsociety

[C]believeth