大学英语读写译1期末测试题及答案1文档格式.docx
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大学英语读写译1期末测试题及答案1文档格式.docx
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Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifstatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestion8-10,pletethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
Spiders
SpiderscanbedistinguishedfromotherArachnidsbecausetheprosoma(binedheadandthorax)isonlyseparatedfromtheopisthosoma(abdomen)byanarrowwaist,inotherArachnidsthewholebodyappearstobemuchmoreofasingleunit.Allspidersproducesilk,butonlysomeconstructwebstocatchtheirhomesandtoprotecttheireggs.
Allspiderspossesspoisonglandsbutveryfewofthemaredangeroustohumans,ofthe600+speciesinBritainonly12(atleastoneoftheseisarecenthumanassistedcolonist)arestrongenoughtopiercethehumanskin,andapartfromallergies,nonearemoredangerousthanamonwasp.Mostspidershave8eyes(thoughsomehave6,4,2or0),aswellas8legs.(Bythewayifyoucounttheclawsasseparatelegsection[whichyoushouldn’treally]thentheirlegshave8partsaswell[coxa,trochanter,femur,patella,tibia,tarsus,metatarus,andclaws])Therearemorethan32000knownspeciesofspiderintheworld.Nohumanbeinghaseverbeenofficiallyrecorderashavingdiedastheresultofa‘tarantula’bite.
Allspidersarecarnivorousandfeedonlyonliquids,i.e.theirpreys’naturaljuicesandthebreakdownproductsofexternaldigestion(meaningtheyspit,exudeorinjectdigestivejuicesonto/intotheirpreyadsuckuptheresultingsoup).Sowhynotinvitesometoyournextsocialdo?
What’sInaName
Theword‘Arachnida’esfromtheGreekword‘Arachne’whowasthedaughterofIdmonofColophoninLydia,adyerbytrade.Arachneherselfwasaweaver,thebestinalltheknownworld.HoweverinafoolishmomentshechallengedAthena,thedaughterofZeusandgoddessof,amongotherthings,wavingtoaweavingpetition.Arachnewovesoperfectacloththatshetoreittoshreds.Arachnebecamedepressedafterthisandintheendshehungherself.AthenastirredtoremorseattheknowledgeofwhatherangerhadwroughtturnedtheropeArachnehadusedtohangherselfintoawebandArachneherselfintoaspidersothatthebeautyofherspinningshouldnotbelosttotheworldeveragain.
TheGreatHouseholdSpiderSafari
TherearejustoversixhundreddifferentsortsofspiderintheBritishIsles.Butoftheseonlyahandfularemonlyfoundinhouses.Atthefrontoftheheadareapairofwhatappeartobesmalllegs.Thesearecalledpalpsandareusedtoguidefoodtothespider’smouth.Thefrontoftheheadalsohasagroupofsixoreighteyes.Ontheundersideofthebodyattherear,arefourorsixsmallconicalbumpsorcylinders.Therearethespinneretsfromwhichthespiderproducesthesilktomakeitswebs.
Tellingmaleandfemalespidersapartiseasilydonebylookingattheirpales.Maleshaveswollenendstotheirpaleswhichmakethemlookasiftheyarewearingboxinggloves,theseareoftenstrangeshapesiflookedatwithahandlens.Femaleshavenormallookingpalesthatarenotswollenattheends.
ThelargestspideristheGoliathspider,thefemaleofwhichgrowstoreachalegspanofteninches.ThelargestspiderinBritainistheCardinalspiderwhichisaclosecousinofTimTegenaria.Femalescanachievealegspanoffourandahalfinches.ItisknownastheCardinalspiderasitwasmoninHamptonCourtwhenCardinalWolseylivedthere.Thesightoftheselongleggedspiderswanderingaroundthepalaceatnightusedtofrightenhim.Sofar32000differentkindsofspiderhavebeendiscoveredfromallovertheworld.Britainhas630differentkindsofspiderofwhich250aretinyMoneyspiders.Thesmallestofwhichhasabodylessthanonemillimeterlong.
Questions:
1.Allthesilkproducedbyspidersconstructwebstocatchtheirfood.
2.Notallthepoisonglandspossessedbyspidersaredangeroustohumanbeings.
3.SpidersoftenkillhumansinBritainwhentheypiercehumanskin.
4.Afterseeingherenemymitssuicide,ArachneturnedAthenaintoaspider.
5.TimTegenariaspidersarecloselyrelatedtotarantulaspiders;
botharefoundinBritain.
6.Sofar31000differentkindsofspidershavebeendiscoveredfromallovertheworld.
7.MoneyspidersarethesmallestspidersfoundintheArachnidsfamily.
8.Therearemorethan_______knownspeciesofspiderintheworld.
9.Tellingmaleandfemalespidersapartiseasilydoneby_______________.
10.Thelargestspideris_____________.
SectionBprehensiveReading(30%)
Inthissection,thereare3passages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Oneofthestrongestreasonsfortheraisingoftheschoolleavingage(ROSLA)hasbeenthatitwillbringusnearertotheideaof“equalopportunity”.
Manypeopleliketothinkofourpresentsystemofschoolingasprovidingplentyofstepsuptheladderofsuccessforcleverchildren.Itwouldbegoodtothinkthatnoonewhoisreallybrightcanbemissedoutwhenthestatesystemisapparentlysothorough.Itisobvious,forinstance,thatmanychildrenfromlessrichhomesreachuniversityordowellinotherways.
Unfortunately,wenowhaveplentyofevidencethatmanychildrenofeverylevelofabilitydomuchlesswellthantheycould.Forinstance,duringtheyearsofnationalmilitaryserviceitwaspossibletotesttheintelligenceofallmale18-20yearolds.Halfofthosesoldierswhowereplacedinthetwohighestabilitygroupshadleftschoolsat15.
Ithasalsobeenshownthatthepercentageofworkingclasschildrengoingtouniversityisalmostthesamenowasitwasin1939.Onestudyof5000childrenfrombirthto21yearsoldindicatedthatuptohalfthebrightpupilsfromworkingclasshomesleftschoolwhentheyreached16yearsold.Moreover,thereisnodifferenceinintelligencebetweenthesexes,butfarmoreboysthangirlsstayineducationafter16.
Itisclearfromthisandmuchotherevidencethatmanychildrenarestillleavingschooltooearlytobenefittheprizes—money,socialrespectability,andinterestingjobs,whichhighereducationgives.Itiscleartoothatthereasonswhysuchchildrenleavehavemuchtodowiththeirsocialcircumstances.Theirparentsoftenneedtheextramoneyanotherwage-earnercanbringin;
theydonotvalueeducationforitselfbecausetheirownwasprobablydullandunhappy.Itisnotsomuchthattheyforcetheirsonsanddaughterstoleaveschool,ratherthattheytendtosay,“It’suptoyou”.
11.ItishopedthatROSLAwillgiveallchildren________.
A.amoreenjoyabletimeatschoolB.thesamechancesinsociety
C.therighttoabetterschoolD.higherscoresinintelligencetests
12.Peoplewouldliketothinkthat_________.
A.equalnumbersofpoorandrichchildrenreachuniversity
B.thosewiththeleastmoneygetthebesteducation
C.intelligentchildrenarealwayschosenbythesystem
D.onlycleverchildrendowell
13.Workingclasschildrenarefelttobeatadisadvantagebecause_______.
A.manyofthecleveronesleaveschoolearly
B.fewergotouniversitythaneverbefore
C.morethanhalfleaveschoolwhentheyare16
D.fewerboysthangirlsstayatschoolafter16
14.Manychildrenleaveschoolearlybecause_______.
A.theirsocialcircumstancesmakethemunhappy
B.theyhavetoworktosupporttheirfamily’sine
C.theirschoolisadullandunhappyplace
D.theirparentsdon’tallowthemtomaketheirowndecisions
15.Thisarticleshowsthatequalopportunityineducation______.
A.isathingofthepastB.hasnotyetbeenachieved
C.isthereforthosewhomerititD.hasgreatlyimprovedoursociety
PassageTwo
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Lifereallyshouldbeonelongjourneyofjoyforchildrenwhoarebornwithaworldofwealthattheirtinyfeet.Butexpertsonpsychologicalresearchnowbelievethatsilverspoonscanleaveabittertaste.Ifsuicidestatisticsareasignofhappiness,thentherichareamiserablelot.Figuresshowthatitistherichwhomostoftendoawaywiththemselves.
Dr.RobertColes,aninternationallyfamousdoctor,istheworld’stopexpertontheinfluenceofmoneyonchildren.Hehaswrittenawell-receivedbookonthesubject,ThePrivilegedOnes,andhisresearchshowsthattoomuchmoneyinthefamilycancauseasmanyproblemsastoolittle.“Obviouslytherearecertainadvantagestobeingrich,”saysthe53-year-olddoctor,‘suchasbetterhealth,educationandfutureworkexpectation.Butmostimportantisthequalityoffamilylife.Moneycan’tbuylove.”
Itcanbuyalotofotherthings,though,andthat’swherethetroublestarts.Richkidshavesomuchtochoosefromthattheyoftenbeeconfused.Theirparents’overfavoringcanmakethemspoiled.Theytendtotravelmorethanotherchildren,fromhometohomeandcountrytocountry,whichoftenmakesthemfeelrestless.
“Butprivilegedchildrendohaveabettersenseoftheirpositionsintheworld,”addsMr.Coles,“andtheyaremoreself-assured.”
Today’srichparentsperhapshaverealizedthattheirrichescanbemoreofaburdenthanafavortotheirchildren.So
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