广东省汕头市潮阳第一中学等七校联合体届高三英语冲刺模拟试题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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广东省汕头市潮阳第一中学等七校联合体届高三英语冲刺模拟试题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Questioningtheexistenceofaliensissomethingthatscientistshavedonefordecades.Infact,mostpeopledobelievethataliensexistinsomefashion.Themainnecessitiesforlifearewaterandsomeformofenergysource.Notsurprisingly,therearesomeplanets,exoplanetsandmoonsthatfitthebill.Hereareseveralbestchancesatfindinglifeintheuniverse.
◆TRAPPIST-1
TRAPPIST-1isaplanetarysystemafewdozenlight-yearsaway,whosediscoverywasannouncedinearly2017.ThissystemconsistsofsevenEarth-likeexoplanets
orbitingan"
ultra-cool"
star,anditisoneofourshotsatfindingpossible
lifebeyondourownsolarsystem.
◆Titan
TitanisthelargestmoonofSaturn,thesixthplanetfromourSun.Thismooncouldpotentiallyharborlifebutpossiblynotinthesensethatwethink.Titandoesnotexactlyfitthedescriptionofbeinginatypicalhabitablezone.
Titanhaswater,andithasliquid.Itjustdoesn'
thaveliquidwater.Thewateronthismooniscompletelysolidbecauseoftheextremelycoldtemperature.
◆Europa
EuropaisoneofJupiter'
smoonshereinourownsolarsystem.Itisanothercandidateduetoitspotentialtoholdliquidwater.Europaisthoughttohaveallthenecessitiesforlifeincludingwater,energysources,andtherightchemicalbuild-up.
◆Mars
TheRedPlanet,thefourthfromtheSun,isprobablyoneofthemosttalked-aboutpotentialcandidatesforextraterrestrial(地球外的)lifeandevenforhumancolonization.Despitesomedifferentvoices,findingextraterrestriallifeonMarsreallyisaseriouspossibility.
Weknowbynowthatwewon'
tfindlittlegreenmenoranyintelligentformoflifethatweunderstand.However,thereisevidencethattherewasandmaystillbemicroscopiclifeonthesmallredplanet.
21.Thecommonpointofthesecelestial(天上的)bodiesisthat_______.
A.solidwaterexistsonthemrespectivelyB.lifemightexistoneachofthem
C.theyallcontainliquidwaterD.eachofthemhaslivingthingsonit
22.Whichcelestialbodycouldhavelifedifferentfromhumanimagination?
A.TRAPPIST-1.B.Titan.C.Europa.D.Mars.
23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Europaisthemosttalked-aboutpotentialcandidateforextraterrestriallife.
B.TRAPPIST-1istheonlybodythatcontainslifebeyondthesolarsystem.
C.Allthescientistsdobelievethataliensexisti
nsomemanner.
D.ThereisproofthatlifeexistedonthecelestialbodyMars.
B
Atschool,Iwasinthetopsetformaths.MyteachersrecommendedthatIstudyeconomicsandstatisticsasmyA-levelsubjects,butIhadmymindsetonalifefulfilledbythearts.
Infact,Iwasavictimofagenderstereotypemadestrongersincebirth,thatmendoscienceandmathsandwomendoartsorlanguages.Computerscience,technologyandphysicsjustdidnotfigureinmyteenageworldview.Nobodypopularinmyschoolchosetostudythosesubjects.
RealitystruckhardwhenIbeganattendingjobinterviewsandinterviewerswouldsay:
“It’sgreatthatyouspeakforeignlanguages,butwhatelsedoyoudo?
”Nobodyaskedmyfriendswhohadstudiedscienceortechnologythosequestions.
Asurveyrecentlyshowedthatthreeofthebest-paidjobsforwomenareinthetechnologysector.It’sasectorthatreallycanchangetheworld.Wemustshowgirlsthattechnologyhasaneffectoneveryindustryoutthere,fromfashiontoarchitecturetojournalism.Anybodycanlearntocodeandthesedaysit’sasimportantasreadingandwriting.I’verealizedthatatuniversityI’dachievedthewrongkindofliteracy.Notbeingabletocodelimityourimpactontheworldfarmorethananignoranceofgreatliterature.
NowIhaveafive-year-olddaughter.Idon’twanthertoblindlyfollowgenderrolesthewayIdid.Iwanthertoknowthefactthatascienceortechnicaldegreewillnotlimithercreativitybutexpanditandbroadenherhorizonsfarmorethanmyartsbackgroundcould.I’mexposinghertoMinecraftandapps,whichhelpimproveanalyticalthinki
ngandproblemsolvingskills.I’mhopingthatmydaughterwilldiscoverandacceptherpotentialsinscienceandwanttochangetheworld.
24.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“genderstereotype”inParagraph2referto?
A.Personallearningstyle.B.Sexcharacteristic.
C.Conventionalsexconcept.D.Professiondifference.
25.Accordingtotheauthor,whichmaybethebenefitoflearningscience?
A.Increasingjobpossibility.B.Winningpopularity.
C.Improvinglanguagecompetence.D.Enrichingimagination.
26.Howdid
theauthorfeelforhermajorchoice?
A.Satisfied.B.Active.C.Discouraged.D.Regretful.
27.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ArtorScience,EitherisOKB.GoodSubjects,GoodFuture
C.Girls,ChooseMoreWiselyD.CatchChances,ChangetheWorld
C
Trees,someofthetallestintheworld,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseachmorningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupasetofexperimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:
termites(白蚁).
Termitesgetabumrap.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU.S.Andtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhugepopulationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbonrichmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.
Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearst
hatintropical(热带的)forests,termiteschewupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrientsfromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidn’tknowexactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfromaparticularspotintheforestandsawhowitresponded.
Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyanextremedrought(干旱).Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasn’tmuchdifferencebetweenthenormalplotsandtheoneswherethey’dremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfoundwasunexpected:
inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted(抽芽),andthesystemwasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryclimate.
ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportanceoftermitestothesystem,shepointsout.“Andthatringsalarmbellsinmyhead,”shesays,“becauseitmakesmethink,wellwhatelsedon’tweknow?
Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon’tknowwhatthatwilldo.”
28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“abumrap”underlinedinParagraph2?
A.Unfairblame.B.Widepopularity.C.Publicattention.D.Specialpreference.
29.Whathavescientistslearnedabouttermites?
A.Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.
B.Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.
C.Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.
D.Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.
30.WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffithsexperiment?
A.Termiteshelpforestssurviveclimatechange.
B.Termitespreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.
C.Termites
benefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.
D.Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.
31.WhatdoesGriffiths
tellusinthelastparagraph?
A.Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.
B.Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.
C.Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspecies.
D.Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.
D
“Bigtobacco”iswhatthebossesofseverallargetechnologyfirmshavestartedcallingFacebook.Beingcomparedtothetobaccogiantsisfarfrompraise,butitisnottheonlywide-spreadanalogy(比拟).AlowerblowisthesuggestionthatFacebookmaybecomelikeYahoo,theoncehigh-flyinginternetfirmthatfell.
Evenayearagotheideawouldhavebeenunthinkable.ButsinceJanuaryFacebookhasbecometrappedinaseriesofmisjudgmentsandmissteps.ItbecameclearthatithaddonetoolittletostopRussianinterference(干涉)inAmerica’selectionin2016.Ithadtoadmitthatithadsharedthepersonaldataof90millionuserswithoutsidefirmswithoutpermission.
ThecomparisontoYahooisimperfect.EvenatitspeakYahoo’sbusinesswasneveraslargeandprofitableasFacebook’s.OneofthemainreasonsYahoodeclinedisbecauseitlostouttoapowerfulcompetitor,Google,inonlinesearch;
MarissaMayer,itsbossfrom2012untilitssaletoVerizonlastyear,wasunabletorestoreadvertisers’oremployees’confidenceasusersleft.
ButpeoplewhowatchedYahoo’sfallingseesimilarities.Executive(主管)turnoverwasaleadingindicatorofitsdecline;
beforeMs.MayerwashiredYahoowentthroughfourchiefexecutivesinthreeyears.Mr.Zuckerberg,whocontrolsthemajorityofFacebook’svotingshares,isnotleaving,butmanytopexecutivesare.Thisyearseveralhaveannouncedtheirdepartures,includingFacebook’schiefsecurityofficer.
Whenadvertisers’faithinFacebookhasbeenshaken,politiciansinWashingtonarerunningoutofpatiencewiththecompany.Lawmakers’inspectionofthefirmisca
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