四级真题卷二部分Word下载.docx

四级真题卷二部分Word下载.docx

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SupposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisitChina,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part

ReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　MANYBrazilianscannotread.In2000,aquarterofthoseaged15andolderwerefunctionallyilliterate.Many36donotwantto.Onlyoneliterateadultinthreereadsbooks.The37Brazilianreads1.8non-academicbooksayear—lessthanhalfthefigureinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Inarecentsurveyofreadinghabits,Brazilianscame27thoutof30countries,spending5.2hoursaweekwithabook.Argentines,theirneighbours,3818th.

　Thegovernmentandbusinessesareallstrivingindifferentwaystochangethis.OnMarch13ththegovernment39aNationalPlanforBooksandReading.Thisseekstoboostreading,byfoundinglibrariesandfinancingpublishersamongotherthings.

　Onediscouragementtoreadingisthatbooksare40.Mostbookshavesmallprint-runs,pushinguptheirprice.

　ButBrazilians'

indifferencetobookshasdeeperroots.Centuriesofslaverymeantthecountry'

sleaderslong41education.Primaryschoolingbecameuniversalonlyinthe1990s.

　AllthismeansthatBrazil'

sbookmarkethasthebiggestgrowth42inthewesternworld.

　Butreadingisadifficulthabittoform.Braziliansboughtfewerbooksin2004—289m,includingtextbooks43bythegovernment—thantheydidin1991.LastyearthedirectorofBrazil'

snationallibrary44.Hecomplainedthathehadhalfthelibrariansheneededandtermites（白蚁）hadeatenmuchofthe45.Thatoughttobeacausefornationalshame.

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）averageI）normal

B）collectionJ）particularly

C）distributedK）potential

D）exhibitionL）quit

E）expensiveM）ranked

F）launchedN）simply

G）namedO）treasured

H）neglected

SectionB

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

TheTouch-ScreenGeneration

A）Onachillydaylastspring,afewdozendevelopersofchildren’sappsforphonesandtablets（平板电脑）gatheredatanoldbeachresortinMonterey,California,toshowofftheirgames.ThegatheringwasorganizedbyWarrenBuckleitner,alongtimereviewerofinteractivechildren’smedia.Buckleitnerspentthebreakstestingwhetherhisownremote-controlhelicoptercouldreachthehall’ssecondstory,whilevariouschildrenwhohadcomewiththeirparentslookedupinawe（敬畏）anddelight.Butmostlytheylookeddown,attheiPadsandothertabletsdisplayedaroundthehalllikesomanyopenboxesofcandy.Iwalkedaroundandtalkedwithdevelopers,andseveralparaphrasedafamoussayingofMariaMontessori’s,“Thehandsaretheinstrumentsofman’sintelligence.”

B）What,really,wouldMariaMontessorihavemadeofthisscene?

The30orsochildrenherewerenotdownattheshorepoking（戳）theirfingersinthesandorrunningthemalongmossystonesorpickingseashells.Insteadtheywereallinside,aloneoringroupsoftwoorthree,theirfacesafewinchesfromascreen,theirhandsdoingthingsMontessorisurelydidnotimagine.

C）In2011,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsupdateditspolicyonveryyoungchildrenandmedia.In1999,thegrouphaddiscouragedtelevisionviewingforchildrenyoungerthan2,citingresearchonbraindevelopmentthatshowedthisagegroup’scriticalneedfor“directinteractionswithparentsandothersignificantcaregivers.”Theupdatedreportbeganbyacknowledgingthatthingshadchangedsignificantlysincethen.In2006,90percentofparentssaidthattheirchildrenyoungerthan2consumedsomeformofelectronicmedia.Nonetheless,thegrouptooklargelythesameapproachitdidin1999,uniformlydiscouragingpassivemediause,onanytypeofscreen,forthesekids.（Forolderchildren,theacademynoted,“high-qualityprograms”couldhave“educationalbenefits.”）The2011reportmentioned“smartcellphone”and“newscreen”technologies,butdidnotaddressinteractiveapps.Nordiditbroachthepossibilitythathaslikelyoccurredtothose90percentofAmericanparentsthatsomegoodmightcomefromthoselittleswiping（在电子产品上刷）fingers.

D）Ihadcometothedevelopers’conferencepartlybecauseIhopedthatthisparticularsetofparents,enthusiasticastheywereaboutinteractivemedia,mighthelpmeoutofthisproblem,thattheymightoffersomeguidingprincipleforAmericanparentswhoareclearlynevergoingtomeettheacademy’sideals,andatsomeleveldonotwantto.Perhapsthisgroupwouldbeabletoarticulatesomebenefitsofthenewtechnologythatthemorecautiousdoctorsweren’treadytoaddress.

E）IfellintoconversationwithawomanwhohadhelpeddevelopMontessoriLetterSounds,anappthatteachespreschoolerstheMontessorimethodsofspelling.ShewasaformerMontessoriteacherandamotheroffour.Imyselfhavethreechildrenwhoareallfansofthetouchscreen.Whatgamesdidherkidsliketoplay?

Iasked,hopingforsuggestionsIcouldtakehome.

“Theydon’tplayallthatmuch.”

Really?

Whynot?

“BecauseIdon’tallowit.Wehavearuleofnoscreentimeduringtheweek,”unlessit’sclearlyeducational.

Noscreentime?

Noneatall?

Thatseemsattheouteredgeofrestrictive,evenbythestandardsofmyovercontrollingparentingset.

“Ontheweekends,theycanplay.Igivethemalimitofhalfanhourandthenstop.Enough.”

F）HeranswersosurprisedmethatIdecidedtoasksomeoftheotherdeveloperswhowerealsoparentswhattheirdomesticgroundrulesforscreentimewere.Onesaidonlyonairplanesandlongcarrides.AnothersaidWednesdaysandweekends,forhalfanhour.Themostpermissivesaidhalfanhouraday,whichwasaboutmyruleathome.AtonepointIsatwithoneofthebiggestdevelopersofe-bookappsforkids,andhisfamily.Thesmallkidwasstartingtofussinherhighchair,sothemomstuckaniPadinfrontofherandplayedashortmoviesoeveryoneelsecouldenjoytheirlunch.Whenshesawmewatching,shegavemetheuniversaltenselookofmotherswhofeeltheyarebeingjudged.“Athome,”sheassuredme,“IonlyletherwatchmoviesinSpanish.”

G）Bytheirreactions,theseparentsmademetheproblemofourage:

astechnologybecomesalmosteverywhereinourlives,Americanparentsarebecomingmore,notless,distrustfulofwhatitmightbedoingtotheirchildren.Technologicalabilityhasnot,forparents,translatedintocomfortandease.Ontheonehand,parentswanttheirchildrentoswimexpertlyinthedigitalstreamthattheywillhavetonavigate（航行）alltheirlives;

ontheotherhand,theyfearthattoomuchdigitalmedia,tooearly,willsinkthem.Parentsenduptreatingtabletslikeprecisionsurgical（外科的）instruments,devicesthatmightperformmiraclesfortheirchild’sIQandhelphimwinsomeniftyroboticscompetition—butonlyiftheyareusedjustso.Otherwise,theirchildcouldenduponeofthosesad,palecreatureswhocan’tmakeeyecontactandhasagirlfriendwhilivesonlyinthevirtualworld.

H）NormanRockwell,a20th-centuryartist,neverpaintedBoySwipingFingeronScreen,andourownvisionofaperfectchildhoodhasneveradjustedtoaccommodatethatnow-commontableau.Addtothatourmodernfearthateveryparentingdecisionmayhavelastingconsequences—thateveryminuteofenrichmentlostormindlessentertainmentindulged（放纵的）willadduptosomepermanenthandicap（障碍）inthefuture—andyouhavedeepguiltandconfusion.Todate,nobodyofresearchhasdefinitivelyprovedthattheiPadwillmakeyourpreschoolersmarterorteachhertospeakChinese,oralternativelythatitwillrusthernervoussystem—thedevicehasbeenoutforonlythreeyears,notmuchmorethanthetimeittakessomeacademicstofindfundingandgatherresearchsubjects.Sowhatisaparenttodo?

46.Theauthorattendedtheconference,hopingtofindsomeguidingprinciplesforparentingintheelectronicage.

47.Americanparentsarebecomingmoredoubtfulaboutthebenefitstechnologyissaidtobringtotheirchildren.

48.Someexpertsbelievethathumanintelligencedevelopsbytheuseifhands.

49.TheauthorfoundaformerMontessoriteacherexercisingstrictcontroloverherkids’screentime.

50.Researchshowsinteractionwithpeopleiskeytobabies’braindevelopment.

51.SofartherehasbeennoscientificproofoftheeducationalbenefitsofiPads.

52.Americanparentsworrythatoveruseoftabletswillcreateproblemswiththeirkids’interpersonalrelationships.

53.Theauthorexpecteddevelopersofchildren’sappstospecifythebenefitsofthenewtechnology.

54.ThekidsatthegatheringweremorefascinatedbytheiPadsthanbythehelicopter.

55.The