The process of urbanization in Hangzhou since 1978Word格式.docx
- 文档编号:17247742
- 上传时间:2022-11-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:12
- 大小:119.89KB
The process of urbanization in Hangzhou since 1978Word格式.docx
《The process of urbanization in Hangzhou since 1978Word格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《The process of urbanization in Hangzhou since 1978Word格式.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
theurbanlifestyle,cultureandvaluesspreadtotheruralareasconstantly.
Herewechoosenon-agriculturalhouseholdpopulationaccountsfortheproportionofthetotalpopulationofthehouseholdregistration(urbanizationrate)asameasureofurbanizationindicators.Becausethisindicatorisnotonlysimple,butalsocontainsthesocial,population,space,economictransformationandotheraspectsofthecontent.
2.AnalysisontheprocessofurbanizationinHangzhousince1978
Graph-1theprocessofurbanizationinHangzhou
Datasources:
Hangzhoustatisticalyearbook
Fromgraph-1showsthatsincethereformandopeningupHangzhouurbanizationratehasbeenrising,butaccordingtothegrowthrateitcanbeclearlydividedintothreestages.1991-1978istheslowurbanizationperiod,theaverageannualgrowthrateis0.51%.TheurbanizationofHangzhouisatamiddlespeedfrom1992to2000,theaverageannualgrowthrateis0.77%.2001–2014isthequickurbanizationperiod,theaverageannualgrowthrateis1.43%(Table-1).
Year
Totalpopulation
Nonfarmpopulation
Urbanizationrate
1978
505.55
116.06
22.96%
1979
511.83
124.60
24.34%
1980
515.53
128.88
25.00%
1981
520.73
134.56
25.84%
1982
528.06
139.94
26.50%
1983
533.06
143.34
26.89%
1984
537.49
147.46
27.43%
1985
543.05
153.46
28.26%
1986
549.53
157.19
28.60%
1987
557.63
161.12
28.89%
1988
565.04
164.87
29.18%
1989
570.98
167.28
29.30%
1990
574.78
169.0
29.40%
1991
578.73
171.25
29.59%
1992
582.40
174.03
29.88%
1993
587.10
179.11
30.51%
1994
592.93
186.05
31.45%
1995
597.96
191.43
32.01%
1996
603.22
196.68
32.61%
1997
607.96
204.39
33.62%
1998
611.64
210.52
34.42%
1999
616.05
219.05
35.56%
2000
621.58
227.00
36.52%
2001
629.14
237.77
37.79%
2002
636.81
252.02
39.58%
2003
642.78
263.67
41.02%
2004
651.68
282.58
43.36%
2005
660.45
297.54
45.05%
2006
666.31
309.78
46.49%
2007
672.35
323.75
48.15%
2008
677.64
340.76
50.29%
2009
683.38
354.48
51.87%
2010
689.12
365.24
53.00%
2011
695.71
376.03
54.05%
2012
700.52
384.09
54.83%
2013
706.61
393.88
55.74%
2014
715.76
404.27
56.48%
Table-1theprocessofurbanizationinHangzhou
Datasources:
Sincethereformandopeningup,theproportionofthetotaloutputoftheprimaryandsecondaryindustryinHangzhouhasdeclinedandthetertiaryindustryisontherise.Thethreeindustrialoutputfluctuationsareinthelargerfrom1978to1992buttheindustrytendstobestableafter1992.Tertiaryindustrialoutputvalueforthefirsttimeexceededthesecondindustryin2009,andhasbeenthedominantpositionreplacingthesecondindustry(Graph-2).
Graph-2TheproportionofthethreeindustriesinHangzhou
Datasources:
3.thecausesanalysisofurbanisationinHangzhou
3.11978-1991
Thisistheslowurbanizationperiod,theaverageannualgrowthrateis0.51%.GDPofsecondaryindustryaccountedforabsoluteadvantage(Graph-3).
Graph-3TheproportionofthethreeindustriesinHangzhoufrom1978to1992
(1)From1979to1991,duringthisperiodourcountrywascommittedtoruralreformandhasmadegreatachievements,promotingthedevelopmentofthevillage.ThethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCPCCentralCommitteeconvenedattheendof1978shiftstheparty'
sfocustotheeconomicconstruction,whenthemainproblemthatwefacedwithistheruralandagriculturalproblems.In1979theimplementationofthehouseholdresponsibilitysystemgreatlyimprovestheproductivityofgrainandhouseholdresponsibilitysystemthantheformerpeople'
scommunesystemnotonlygreatlyimprovestheenthusiasmoffarmers,butalsoimproveslaborproductivity,greatlyreducingtheuseofrurallabor,socountrysidescanhavealargenumberofsurpluslaborshifttonon-agriculturalproduction,promotingthedevelopmentofindustryandin1980,thetotalindustrialoutputvalueofHangzhoureachedthepeakoftheyear(Figure-3).Inordertoplacetheremainingpopulationoftheruralareas,thecentralgovernmentfromthebeginningof1980s,thestrictrestrictionsonrurallabormigrationtothecitieswasreplacedbythenewpolicythatthedevelopmentofsmalltownstotheplacementofsurpluslaborandthefarmersintothecitywaslimitedinthetownatthecountylevel.
(2)Duringthisperiod,thesmalltownsofHangzhoudevelopedrapidlyintheenvironmentofreformandopeningup.Withthedeepeningofmarketeconomicsystem,thetownshipenterpriseshugelyrisesandruralindustrializationandthelevelofruralproductivitydevelopedconstantly.Theliberationofruralproductivityacceleratedtheeconomicdevelopmentofruralareasandimprovedthesocialoutlook,whichalsohasgreatlypromotedthedevelopmentofsmalltowns.ThetotaloutputvalueoftownshipenterprisesinHangzhoureached28billion400millionyuanandthetotalindustrialoutputvalueis26billion120millionyuan,accountingforthecity'
stotaloutputvalueof43.3%in1992.Intheopeningup,theforeigntradeofHangzhoutownshipenterprisesachieved30068yuanin1986andtherewere302townshipenterprisesengagedintheexporttradeand19countrieswithmorethan1billionyuanGDPin1987.Hangzhoutownshipenterpriseshadabsorbedtheruralsurpluslaborabout500thousandpeopleinthe80sandthenumberoftownshipenterprisesin1990accountedfor32.3%ofthecity'
srurallaborforce.Thedevelopmentoftownshipenterprisesandtheassociationswithforeignindustrychangedtheexistingindustrialstructureinruralareasandpromotetheoverallshifttonon-agriculturalindustries.Thedevelopmentoftownshipenterprisesandtheassociationwithforeignindustryhadimprovedtheinfrastructuresofsmalltownsandruralareas,sothatlocalresidentsgainedmoreaccesstocityinformation,promotingthedevelopmentofurbanization.
3.21992-2000
Comparedwiththeearlyperiodofthereformandopeningup,theprocessofurbanizationacceleratedsignificantlyandtheoutputofthesecondaryindustrywasmorethan50%,stilldominant.
Graph-4TheproportionofthethreeindustriesinHangzhoufrom1992to2000
(1)ThegradualreformofHangzhoustate-ownedlandauthoritytonegotiatebeganin1992,transferringthepossessionoflandusebysell,auctionandothermeans.Thelandmarketpriceprovidedthebasisfortherationalallocationofindustrialspaceandtheincomeofthelandmarketwastransformedintotheinvestmentofpublicfacilitiesandservices,sothatthestatusofthecityagglomerationwasmorestable.TheopeningofthelandmarketwasthebasicconditionforallkindsofexternalfactorstoentertheHangzhougatheringandstrengthenedtheabilityofgatheringvariouselements.Withurbanspaceexpanding,urbanplanningandlanddevelopmentwasbeyondtheadministrativedivisions,fromthecentertotheperiphery.
(2)Acomprehensivereformofsmalltownsstartedin1992inZhejiangprovince,strengtheningthefunctionofthesystem,perfectingthesystem,cultivatingmanysmalltownsthathadmanyadvantagesofdevelopment,whichpromotedthedevelopmentofsmalltownsinotherareas.
(3)Duringthisperiod,XiaoshanandYuhang,twocitiesunderthejurisdictionofHangzhoumetwithagoodchanceofdevelopment.In1994,theStateCouncilapprovedtheestablishmentofXiaoshannationaleconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentzone;
then,theZhejiangprovincialgovernmenthadapprovedtheestablishmentoftheNanyangZhejiangeconomicdevelopmentzoneandXianghuZhejiangtourismresort;
in1995,theStatePlanningCo
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- The process of urbanization in Hangzhou since 1978
链接地址:https://www.bdocx.com/doc/17247742.html