希尔国际商务课后习题参考答案英文版Word文档下载推荐.docx
- 文档编号:17228170
- 上传时间:2022-11-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:46
- 大小:54.01KB
希尔国际商务课后习题参考答案英文版Word文档下载推荐.docx
《希尔国际商务课后习题参考答案英文版Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《希尔国际商务课后习题参考答案英文版Word文档下载推荐.docx(46页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Globalization
1.Describetheshiftsintheworldeconomyoverthelast30years.WhataretheimplicationsoftheseshiftsforinternationalbusinessesbasedinGreatBritain?
NorthAmerica?
HongKong?
Answer:
Theworldeconomyhasshifteddramaticallyoverthepast30years.Aslateasthe1960s,fourstylizedfactsdescribedthedemographicsoftheglobaleconomy.ThefirstwasU.S.dominanceintheworldeconomyandworldtrade.ThesecondwasU.S.dominanceintheworldforeigndirectinvestmentpicture.Relatedtothis,thethirdfactwasthedominanceoflarge,multinationalU.S.firmsintheinternationalbusinessscene.Thefourthwasthatroughlyhalfoftheglobe-thecentrallyplannedeconomiesoftheCommunistworld-wasoff-limitstoWesterninternationalbusinesses.Allofthesedemographicfactshavechanged.AlthoughtheU.S.remainstheworld'
sdominanteconomicpower,itsshareofworldoutputandworldexportshavedeclinedsignificantlysincethe1960s.ThistrenddoesnotreflecttroubleintheU.S.economy,butratherreflectsthegrowingindustrializationofdevelopingcountriessuchasChina,India,Indonesia,andSouthKorea.Thistrendisalsoreflectedintheworldforeigndirectinvestmentpicture.AsdepictedinFigure1.2inthetextbook,theshareofworldoutput(orthestockofforeigndirectinvestment)generatedbydevelopingcountrieshasbeenonasteadyincreasesincethe1960s,whiletheshareofworldoutputgeneratedbyrichindustrialcountrieshasbeenonasteadydecline.Shiftsintheworldeconomycanalsobeseenthroughtheshiftingpowerofmultinationalenterprises.Sincethe1960s,therehavebeentwonotabletrendsinthedemographicsofthemultinationalenterprise.Thefirsthasbeentheriseofnon-U.S.multinationals,particularlyJapanesemultinationals.Thesecondhasbeentheemergenceofagrowingnumberofsmallandmedium-sizedmultinationals,calledmini-multinationals.ThefallofCommunisminEasternEuropeandtherepublicsoftheformerSovietUnionhavebroughtaboutthefinalshiftintheworldeconomy.ManyoftheformerCommunistnationsofEuropeandAsiaseemtoshareacommitmenttodemocraticpoliticsandfreemarketeconomies.SimilardevelopmentsarebeingobservedinLatinAmerica.Ifthesetrendscontinue,theopportunitiesforinternationalbusinessmaybeenormous.TheimplicationsoftheseshiftsaresimilarforNorthAmericaandBritain.TheUnitedStatesandBritainoncehadtheluxuryofbeingthedominantplayersintheworldarena,withlittlesubstantivecompetitionfromthedevelopingnationsoftheworld.Thathaschanged.Today,U.S.andBritishmanufacturersmustcompetewithcompetitorsfromacrosstheworldtowinorders.ThechangingdemographicsoftheworldeconomyfavoracitylikeHongKong.HongKong(whichisnowunderChineserule)iswelllocatedwitheasyaccesstomarketsinJapan,SouthKorea,Indonesia,andotherAsianmarkets.HongKonghasavibrantlaborforcethatcancompeteonparwiththeindustrializednationsoftheworld.ThedeclineintheinfluenceoftheU.S.andBritainontheglobaleconomyprovidesopportunitiesforcompaniesinHongKongtoaggressivelypursueexportmarkets.
2."
Thestudyofinternationalbusinessisfineifyouaregoingtoworkinalargemultinationalenterprise,butithasnorelevanceforindividualswhoaregoingtoworkinsmallerfirms."
Evaluatethisstatement.
Peoplewhobelieveinthisview,andthefirmsthattheyworkfor,mayfindthattheydonotachievetheirfullpotential(atbest)andmayultimatelyfailbecauseoftheirmyopia.Asbarrierstotradedecreaseandstateofthearttechnologicaldevelopmentstakeplacethroughouttheworld,newopportunitiesandthreatsexistonaworldwidebasis.Theriseofthemini-multinationalssuggeststhereareglobalopportunitiesevenforsmallfirms.Butstayingattunedtointernationalmarketsisnotonlyimportantfromtheperspectiveofseekingprofitableopportunitiesforsmallfirms;
itcanalsobecriticalforlong-termcompetitivesurvival.Firmsfromothercountriesmaybedevelopingproductsthat,ifsoldinternationally,maywipeoutsmalldomesticcompetitors.Scanninginternationalmarketsforthebestsuppliersisalsoimportantforsmallfirms,forifadomesticcompetitorisabletotapintoasuperiorsupplierfromaforeigncountry,itmaybeabletoseriouslyerodeasmallfirm'
scompetitivepositionbeforethesmallfirmunderstandsthesourceofitscompetitor'
scompetitiveadvantageandcantakeappropriatecounteractions.
3.Howhavechangesintechnologycontributedtotheglobalizationofmarketsandofproduction?
Wouldtheglobalizationofproductionandmarketshavebeenpossiblewithoutthesetechnologicalchanges?
Changesintechnologyhavecontributedtotheglobalizationofmarketsandofproductioninaverysubstantivemanner.Forinstance,improvementsintransportationtechnologyhavepavedthewayforcompanieslikeCoca-Cola,LeviStrauss,SonyandMcDonaldstomaketheirproductsavailableworldwide.Similarly,improvementsincommunicationstechnologyhavehadamajorimpact.Theabilitytonegotiateacrosscontinentshasbeenfacilitatedbyimprovedcommunicationstechnology,andtherapidlydecreasingcostofcommunicationshasloweredtheexpenseofcoordinatingandcontrollingaglobalcorporation.Finally,theimpactofinformationtechnologyhasbeenfarreaching.CompaniescannowgainworldwideexposuresimplybysettingupahomepageontheInternet.Thistechnologywasnotavailablejustafewshortyearsago.Theglobalizationofproductionandmarketsmayhavebeenpossiblewithoutimprovementsintechnology,butthepaceofglobalizationwouldhavebeenmuchslower.Thefallingcostoftechnologyhasmadeitaffordableformanydevelopingnations,whichhasbeeninstrumentalinhelpingthesenationsimprovetheirshareofworldoutputandworldexports.Theinclusionofthesenations,suchasChina,India,Thailand,andSouthKorea,hasbeeninstrumentalintheglobalizationofmarketsandproduction.Inaddition,improvementsinglobaltransportationandcommunicationhavemadeitrelativelyeasyforbusinessexecutivesfromdifferentcountriestoconversewithoneanother.Iftheseformsoftechnology,includingair-travel,faxcapability,e-mail,andovernightdeliveryofpackageswerenotavailable,itwouldbemuchmoredifficultforbusinessestoconductinternationaltrade.
4."
Ultimately,thestudyofinternationalbusinessisnodifferentfromthestudyofdomesticbusiness.Thus,thereisnopointinhavingaseparatecourseoninternationalbusiness."
Thisstatementreflectsapoorunderstandingoftheuniquechallengesinvolvedininternationalbusiness.Managinganinternationalbusinessisdifferentfrommanagingapurelydomesticbusinessforatleastfourreasons.Theseare:
(1)countriesaredifferent;
(2)therangeofproblemsconfrontedbyamanagerinaninternationalbusinessiswiderandtheproblemsthemselvesmorecomplexthanthoseconfrontedbyamanagerinadomesticbusiness;
(3)aninternationalbusinessmustfindwaystoworkwithinthelimitsimposedbygovernmentinterventionintheinternationaltradeandinvestmentsystem;
and(4)internationaltransactionsinvolveconvertingmoneyintodifferentcurrencies.Asaresultofthesedifferences,thereareamplereasonsforstudyinginternationalbusinessasaspecificfieldofstudyordiscipline.
5.HowmighttheInternetandtheassociatedWorldWideWebimpactinternationalbusinessactivityandtheglobalizationoftheworldeconomy?
Accordingtothetext,theInternetandWorldWideWeb(WWW)promisetodevelopintotheinformationbackgroundoftomorrow'
sglobaleconomy.Thisimprovedtechnologywillnotonlymakeiteasierforindividualsandcompaniesindifferentcountriestoconductbusinesswithoneanother,butwillalsofurtherdecreasethecostofcommunications.Theseimprovementswillundoubtedlyhastenthealreadyrapidpaceofglobalization.AnotherdistinctattributeoftheInternetandtheWWWisthattheyactasanequalizerbetweenlarge(resourcerich)andsmall(resourcepoor)firms.Forinstance,itdoesnotcostanymoreforasmallsoftwarefirmtogainvisibilityviatheWWWthanitdoesforalargesoftwarecompanylikeMicrosoft.Asaresult,theWWWhelpssmallcompaniesreachthesizeofaudiencethatwaspreviouslyonlywithinthereachoflarge,resourcerichfirms.
6.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,Chinamayemergeastheworld'
slargesteconomyby2020.Discussthepossibleimplicationsofsuchadevelopmentfor
(1)Theworldtradingsystem.
(2)Theworldmonetarysystem.(3)Thebusinessstrategyoftoday'
sEuropeanandU.S.basedglobalcorporations.
(4)Globalcommodityprices.
Theworldtradingsystemwouldclearlybeaffectedbysuchadevelopment.CurrentlyChinaenjoysasomewhatprivilegedstatuswithintheWorldTradeOrganizationasa“developing”country.Sucharisetoeminence,however,wouldclearlyforceittobecomeafullandequalmember,withalltherightsandresponsibilities.Chinawouldalsobeinapositiontoactivelyaffectthetermsoftradebetweenmanycountries.Onthemonetaryfront,onewouldexpectthatChinawouldhavetohavefullyconvertibleandtradingcurrency,anditcouldbecomeoneofthe“benchmark”currenciesoftheworld.FromtheperspectiveofWesternglobalfirms,Chinawouldrepresentbothahugemarket,andpotentiallythehomebaseofsomeverycapablecompetitors.Finally,commoditypriceswouldprobablyfall.
7.ReadtheCountryFocusinthischapterontheEcuadorianroseindustry,theanswerthefollowingquestions:
a)Howhasparticipationinthei
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 希尔 国际 商务 课后 习题 参考答案 英文