剑桥商务英语中级考前冲刺试题二Word格式文档下载.docx
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剑桥商务英语中级考前冲刺试题二Word格式文档下载.docx
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ManagementTrainees
Forthisexcitingpositionintheleisureindustryweareseekingmanagementtraineestodevelopexcel-lentbuyingskills.Possiblyanewgraduate,thesuccessfulapplicantmayhaveexperiencewithabignationalretailer,butmustcertainlypossessexcellentnegotiationandcommunicationskills.
B
MarketingExecutive
Thisimportantpositionhasrecentlybeencreatedbyoneofthecountry'
sleadingclothesmanufactruers.Itisanoutstandingopportunityforagraduatewithtwoyears'
experienceindesignormagazinepublishing.Thesuccessfulcandidatewillbegivenresponsibilityforamajor,recentlylaunchedbrand.Itwouldbeanadvantagetohaveexperienceofpromotionalactivities.Excellentfringebenefitsonoffer.
C
ProductManager
Thiscompanyhasatpresentabout30%ofthemarketandaturnoverofmorethan£500million.Thepersonappointedwillhaveresponsibilityforalong-establishedproductwhichisahouseholdname.Experienceintheinsurancemarketisnecessaryandabackgroundinaccountancywouldbehelpful.
D
GroupproductManager
Thisisarareopportunitytoworkataseniorlevelforamarketleaderinthefoodindustry,locatedinthenorthofthecountry.ThepersonappointedwillreportdirectlytotheMarketingDirectorandtakefullresponsibilityforaturnoverinexcessof£80millionandateamofthreemanagers.Applicantsneedtohaveaminimumoffiveyears'
experienceinproductmanagement.Amarketresearchqualificationwouldbeanadvantage.
Togetthisjobitisnotnecessarytohaveworkexperience.
【正确答案】:
【本题分数】:
1.0分
第2题
Suchahigh-rankingpositiondoesnotcomeupveryoften.
D
第3题
Experienceinadvertisingwouldbehelpfulinthisjob.
B
第4题
Thisjobwouldprobablysuitsomebodywhohasworkedinthepurchasingdepartmentofalargechainofstories.
第5题
Threeyears'
experiencewouldnotbeenoughforthisjob.
第6题
Forthisjobitwouldbeusefulifyouhavestudiedhowtocarryoutsurveysintoconsumerattitudes.
第7题
Inthisjobyouwouldtakechargeofaproductwhichhasbeenonthemarketformanyyears.
C
二、中READING(PARTTWO)(共5小题,共5.0分)·
Readthistext.·
Choosethebestsentencebelowtofillineachofthegaps.·
Foreachgap1--5,markoneletterA--GonyourAnswerSheet.·
Donotmarkanylettertwice.
ForeignExchangeTrading
Withoutforeignexchangetrading,internationaltradeitselfcouldnotexist.Informertimestradewasbasedonbartering—goodswereexchangedforothergoods.Theintroductionofpreciousmetals(i.e.,goldandsilver)topayforgoodscanbeconsideredtheforerunneroftheforeignexchangemarket.TheGreeksandRomanscommonlyusedgoldasamediumofexchange.Mostworldtradecontinuedtobebasedongolduntilthenineteenthcentury.ButthenindustrializationinWesternEuropeandtheUnitedStateshadboostedworldtradetosuchanextentthatgoldreserverwerenolongeradequatetomeettherequirements.Governmentsintroducedaparvalueoftheirrespectivelocalcurrenciesingold.Thus,thecurrencieswererelatedtooneanotherthroughasystemcalledthegoldstandard.Thegoldstandardsystemdeterminedthevalueofallcurrenciesbasedongold.
(1)ThesystemworkedwelluntilWorldWarI,whentradewasinterrupted.Afterthewar,currenciesfluctuatedwidelyintermsofgoldand,thus,inrelationtoeachother.Thevalueofcurrencieswasmeanttoberegulatedbysupplyanddemand(themarketmechanism),butspeculatorsofteninterferedwiththismechanism.Soinanefforttocreatemorestableexchangemarkets,somecountries,notablytheUnitedStates,England,andFrance,returnedtothegoldstandard.
(2)By1971itwastheonlycountrywhosecurrencyremainedconvertibleintogold,andse,bydeclaringthedollarinconvertible,thegoldstandardwasfinallyabolished.
In1944towardtheendofWorldWarⅡ,theWesternindustrializednationsrealizedthatforeigntradewouldbenecessarytoquicklyandeffectivelyhealthewoundsofwar.Tocreateacalmandstableforeignexchangemarket,theUnitedStatesgovernmentcalledforaconferenceinthesummerof1944.ItwasheldinBrettonWoods,NewHampshire.(3)
TheBrettonWoodsAgreementstipulatedthatallmembercountrieswouldexpressthevalueoftheircurrenciesingold.However,onlytheUnitedStatesdollarwasconvertibleintogold,atthepriceof$35anounce.
Centralbanksofthemembercountrieswererequiredtointerveneintheforeignexchangemarketstokeepthevalueoftheircurrencieswithin1percentoftheparvalue.Thisinterventionwasachievedbybuyingorsellingforeignexchangeorgold.Agivencurrencycould,therefore,neverriseabovenorfallbelowfixedpoints,whicharecalledinterventionpoints.Thesearethepricesbeyondwhichthecentralbankintervenes.(4)
Thesystemoffixedearly1970s.Atthattimeanumberofcountriesdevaluedtheircurrencies.Thismeantthattheircurrencieswerenowworthlessintermsofgold.Englandin1967,Francein1969,andtheUnitedStatesin1971and1973,devaluedtheircurrencies,Thiscausedanalmostunprecedentedturbulenceintheforeignexchangemarkets.Inaddition,countriessuchasWestGermanyandHollandrevaluedtheircurrencies(increasedtheparvalueoftheircurrenciesintermsofgold).Interventionbycentralbanksbecameverycostly.Foreigncurrencyandgoldreservesweredrained.(5)
AThismeantthevaluesofdifferentcurrenciescouldbecomparedintermsofoneanother.
BAtthisconference,boththeInternationalMONETARYFund(IMF)andtheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopmentwereestablished.
CTheGreeksandRomanscommonlyusedgoldasamediumofexchange.
DItisnotsurprising,then,thattheworldsawareturntosuchpayment.
EExceptforabriefperiodintheearly1930s,theUnitedStatesstayedonthegoldstandard.
FCountrieshadtobuytheirowncurrencywithgoldandforeignexchangeinordertokeepitsvalueabovetheminimuminterventionpoint,asagreedaBrettonWoods.
GThisiscalledthesystemoffixedexchangerates.
E
G
F
三、中READING(PARTTHREE)(共6小题,共6.0分)·
Readthearticleandthequestionsontheoppositepage.Foreachquestion1--6,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheetfortheansweryouchoose.
DepartmentStoreMagic
Formostofthe20thcenturySmithson'
swasoneofBritain'
smostsuccessfuldepartmentstores,butbythemid-1990s,ithadbecomedull.Stillprofitable,thankslargelytoaseriesofsuccessfuladvertisingcampaigns,butdecidedlyboring.Thefamouswerecarefulnottobeseenthere,anditssalesstaffdidn'
tseemtohavechangedsincethestoreopenedin1908.Worstofall,itscustomerswerebuyingfewerandfewerofitsownbrandproducts,themajorpartofitsbusiness,andshowingapreferenceformorefashionablebrands.
Butnowallthehaschanged,thankstoRowenaBaker,whobecameSmithson'
sfirstwomanChiefExecutivethreeyearsago.Sincethen,whilemostmajorretailersinBritainhavebeenlosingmoney,Smithson'
sprofitshavebeenrisingsteadily.WhenBakerstarted,alotofimprovementshadjustbeenmaketothebuilding,withouthavinganyeffectonsales,andshetookthebolddecisiontoinviteoneofEurope'
smostexcitinginteriordesignerstodevelopthefashionarea,theheartofthestore.Thisveryquicklyledtorisingsales,evenbeforethegoodsondisplaywerechanged.Andassalesgrew,sodidprofits.
Bakerhadambitiousplansforthestorefromthestart,'
We'
replayingabiggame,toprovewe'
reuptherewiththeleadersinoursector,andwehavetomakesurepeoplegetthatmessage.Smithson'
shadfallenbehindthecompetition.Itprovideatraditionalservicetargetedatmiddle-aged,middle-incomecustomers,who'
dbeenshoppingthereforyears,andthecustomerbasewasgraduallycontracting.Ourideaistosellsuchanexcitingvarietyofgoodsthateveryonewillwanttocomein,whethertheyplantospendalittleoralot.'
Baker'
svisionforthestoreisclear,butachievingitisfarfromsimple.Atfirst,manyemployeesresistedherimprovementsbecausetheyjustwouldn'
tbepersuadedthattherewasanythingwrongwiththewaythey'
dalwaysdonethings,eveniftheyacceptedthatthestorehadtoovertakeitscompetitors.Ittookmanylongmeetings,involvingtheentireworkforce,towintheirsupport.IthelpedwhentheyrealisedthatBakerwasaverydifferentkindofmanagerfromtheonestheyhadknown.
Baker'
sstaffpoliciescontainedmoresurprises.Theuniformthathadhardlychangedsincedayonehasnowdisappeared.Moreover,teenagersnowgetyoungshopassistants,andstaffinthesportsdepartmentsarethemselvessportsfansintrainers.AsBakerexplains,'
Howcanyouseejeansifyou'
rewearingablacksuit?
Smithson'
shasanewidentity,andthisneedstobemadecleartothecustomers.'
She'
salsogiveneverysalesassistantresponsibilityforensuringcustomersatisfaction,evenifitmeansoccasionallybreakingcompanyrulesinthehopecompanyprofits.
RowenaBakerisprovingsuccessful,buttheCity'
sbiginvestorshaven'
tbeenpersuaded.Accordingtoretailanalyst,JohnMatthews,'
Moneyhadalreadybeeninvestedinrefurbishmentofthestoreandinfactthatledtotheboostinsales.Shetookthecredit,buthadn'
td
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