山东省日照市学年高一上学期校际联合考试英语试题及答案解析文档格式.docx
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山东省日照市学年高一上学期校际联合考试英语试题及答案解析文档格式.docx
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第I卷(选择题)
评卷人
一、阅读理解
EveryexperiencethatAmericanbusinesswomanLeigh-AnnBuchananremembershascomefromtravel.HerearlytripstothecountriesinAsia,AfricaandtheAmericaswerenosmallthing—theyassistedhertomakeconnectionswithcommunityorganizationsabroad,buildleadershipskillsandfindagreaterpurposeinhervoluntarywork.Alloftheseexperiencesplayedanimportantpartinherbecomingamentor(导师)tohighschoolstudentsinMiami,US.
Shesawthatmanyofherstudentsfromunderservedcommunitieshadneverleftthecountry.Thisnotonlyshutthemoutfromhavinglife-changingexperiences,buttheyoftenmissedoutoncollegescholarships(奖学金)becausetheirresumes(简历)couldn’tcompetewiththosefromhigher-incomebackgrounds.
ThenshesawaprogramfoundedbyherfriendinGhana.ItofferedUSstudentstheopportunitytoexperienceculturalexchangesabroad.BuchananwonderedwhythekidsshementorsinMiamicouldn’thavetheselife-changingexperiences.So,shestartedtheNyahProjectin2014.
Sincethen,theprojecthasprovidedmoneyfor10-dayleadershiptripsto57high-performinghighschoolstudentsthroughoutunderservedcommunitiesinMiami.All57havegottenintocollegesaroundthecountry,andover90percenthavereceivedfullscholarshipstocollege.NyahfellowshavetraveledtocountriesincludingIndonesia,Namibia,CostaRicaandSouthAfrica.
Thetripsbringculturalexchangeopportunities,likelearningabouttraditionalBalinesedanceinIndonesiaandteachingyoungerstudentsinNamibia.KemoniAlexander,whoisstudyingatOhioWesleyanUniversity,wasaNyahfellowin2017,andtraveledtoNamibiaandSouthAfricaforherfirsttimeoutofthecountry.
“TheneighborhoodthatIgrewupinwasn’tthemostresourcefulandmyschoolswereshortofmoney,”Alexandersaid.“IcouldhardlybelievethatIwasabletohavethatopportunitybecauseotherpeoplesawthatpotential(潜力)inmeandbelievedinme.”
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assisted”inParagraph1mean?
A.Required.B.Helped.
C.Trained.D.Reminded.
2.WhydidBuchanansetuptheNyahProject?
A.Toofferstudentsscholarship.B.Tosharehertravelexperiences.
C.Tosupportherfriend’sprogram.D.Toprovidechancesforpoorchildren.
3.HowdothechildrenbenefitfromtheNyahProject?
A.Theyaresuretobementorsinthefuture.
B.Theycanenjoytravelingworldwideforfree.
C.Theycanexperienceculturalexchangesontrips.
D.Theycanallreceivefullscholarshipstocollege.
4.WhatcanweinferfromAlexander’swords?
A.Shewasthankfulfortheopportunity.
B.Shewasmoreconfidentofherability.
C.Sheregrettedhavingjoinedtheproject.
D.Shefeltembarrassedaboutherbackground.
TheColoradoRiveristhelifebloodoftheAmericanSouthwest.Itsupplieswatertomorethan36millionpeople,haschangedthedesertintofarmland,andallowscitieslikeLosAngeles,Phoenix,andLasVegastodevelop.Butsatisfyingtheregion’sneedforwaterhascomeataprice.
TheriveroncetraveledallthewayfromColorado’sRockyMountainstotheGulfofCalifornia.Now,dams(水坝)controltheriver’swaterforhumanuse.Asaresult,therivernolongerreachestheocean.Withoutwater,thedelta(三角洲)attheriver’smouthhasbecomedryandpoor.
Tobringthedeltabacktolife,engineersrecentlyopenedtheMorelosDamneartheUS-Mexicobordertofreeatemporaryburstofwater.ThispulseflowallowedtheColoradRivertoreachtheseaforthefirsttimein16years,helpingtheriver’sdeltacomealive.
ThedamsbuiltbytheUSgovernmentformasystemofman-madelakes.Theselakescanstorefourtimestheriver’syearlyflow.“Thelakesareliketheriverbasin’sbankaccounts,”saysTaylorHawes.“Theyprovideaplacetosaveupwaterfornot-so-rainydays—likerightnow”.
Inwettertimes,onandoffsincethe1960s,theColoradomanagedtocompleteitsjourneytothesea.Duringthoseraretimes,springfloodstemporarilybroughtlifebacktothedelta.Seeingthedifferencealittlewatercouldmakegavescientiststheideaforthisyear’spulseflow.
“Justaddwaterandyougetanamazingrecovery,”saysEloiseKendy.“Theprojectservesasamodelofhowtomanageriverssustainably(可持续)forbothpeopleandnature.AlotofriversintheWesthaveproblems.Weusedthemtomakethedesertsbloomandbuildcities.Wedidn’tthinkabouttheenvironment.Butit’spossibletorestorethem.IfwecandoitintheColoradoRiverDelta,wecandoitanywhere.”
5.Whatcanweleanfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?
A.TheGulfofCaliforniaisflooding.
B.TheColoradoRiver’sdeltaisdying
C.TheAmericansouthwestisbecomingpoor.
D.ThewaterintheColoradoRiverisrunningout.
6.Taylormentionedthebankaccountstoshowthat________.
A.lakeshavestoredmuchoftheriverwater
B.manybanksprovidedmoneytobuilddams
C.themoneymadefromthelakesarekeptinbanks
D.peoplecanborrowmoneyfrombankstobuylakewater
7.WhatdoesKendywanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?
A.Restoringdesertsissustainablefornature.
B.ManycitiesarebuiltondesertsintheWest.
C.RiversintheWesthavebeenpollutedseriously.
D.Environmentalprotectionmustgowithdevelopment.
8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.AnefforttoprotecttheColoradoRiverfromdrying.
B.AnexperimenttomaketheColoradoRiverflowfreely.
C.AplantobringtheColoradoRiver’sdeltabacktolife.
D.AwaytomakefulluseofthewaterfromtheColoradoRiver.
There’snothingmagicalaboutthenumber10,000.Infact,theideaofwalkingatleast10,000stepsadayforhealthgoesbackmanyyearstoamarketingcampaignstartedinJapanforthesaleofapedometer(计步器).And,intheyearsthatfollowed,itwasacceptedintheUSasagoaltobuildupgoodhealth.It’softenthedefaultsetting(默认设置)onfitnesstrackers,butwhat’sitreallybasedon?
“Theoriginalbasisofthenumberwasnotscientificallydetermined,”saysresearcherI-MinLeeofBrighamandWomen’sHospital.Shewascurioustoknowhowmanystepsyouneedtotakeadaytomaintaingoodhealthandlivealonglife,sosheandherworkmatesdesignedastudythatincludedabout17,000olderwomen.Theiraverageagewas72.Thewomenallagreedtoweardevicestotracktheirstepsastheywentabouttheirday-to-dayactivities.
Itturnsoutthatwomenwhotookabout4,000stepsperdaygotanincreaseinlongevity(长寿),comparedwithwomenwhotookfewersteps.Infact,womenwhotook4,400stepsperday,onaverage,wereabout40percentlesslikelytodieduringthefollow-upperiodofaboutfouryearscomparedwithwomenwhotook2,700steps.ThefindingswerepublishedWednesdayinJAMAInternalMedicine.
Anothersurprise:
Thebenefitsofwalkingmaxedoutatabout7,500steps.Inotherwords,womenwhowalkedmorethan7,500stepsperdaysawnoadditionalincreaseinlongevity.
Janz,whoreleasedthenewnationalexerciserecommendationslastNovember,saysthemessagethatcomesfromthisstudywasencouraging.“Ithinkit’sreallygoodnewsforwomenwhomaynotbeparticularlyactive.”saysJanz.“Alltheyhavetodoiswalk.Tome,thisstudysuggeststherearemorebenefitstolightactivitiesthanwewerepreviouslythinkingtheremightbe.”
9.Howdidtheideaofwalking10,000stepsadaycomeintobeing?
A.Itwasmadeupbyagroupofelderlyladies.
B.Itwasindeedtheresultofascientificresearch.
C.Itactuallycamefromabusinessadvertisement.
D.ItwasbasedonatestbybothJapanandtheUS.
10.Whichisanidealchoiceforwomenwalkersaccordingtothestudy?
A.2,700steps.B.4,400steps.
C.10,000steps.D.17,000steps.
11.WhichofthefollowingdoesJanzagreewith?
A.Lightactivitiesbenefitpeoplemost.
B.Thestudyisnotassatisfyingasexpected.
C.Womenshouldbemoreactivethanbefore.
D.Theresultofthestudyisalittlesurprising.
12.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthepassage?
A.Health.B.Culture.
C.History.D.Tourism.
二、完形填空
Thousandsofpeopleonlineareinvolvedineffortstohelpan8-year-old,cancer-stricken(患癌症)boyfromtheUnitedStatestorealizehisdream.DorianMurrayofWesterly,RhodeIsland,hasbeenreceiving13fromaroundtheworldinrecentdays.
Dorianhasbeen14cancersincehewas4.15thediseasehadbeenbroughtundercontrolafteraseriesof16treatments,amedicalcheckupearlythismonthfoundthatcancercells(细胞)had17totheboy’sbrain.Thefamilydecidedto18treatment.
Dorianthentoldhisfatherthatbeforegoingtoheaven,hewantedtobe19inChinabecauseithadtheGreatWall,whichhecalled”abridgeforpeopletowalkon”.The20betweentheboyandhisfatherwaspostedonFacebook,whereitwas21andcommenteduponbythousandsofInternetusers,includingmanyfromChina.
Somerespondedwith22takenattheGreatWallinBeijing,inwhichtheyheldsignswithwordsof23,reading“D-Strong”and“YouareveryfamousinChina.”Someleftmessagesbelowthepost,saying“Ihopeyouwill24soon.”Or“Wearedelightedtomakeyourdreamcometrue.”
Dorian’smotherwrotethatshewas25anddeeplymovedbytheresponsestoDorian’s26.“Dorianhasbroughtsomuchinspirationtopeoplearoundtheworld!
Icouldn’tbemore27myson.”shesaid.
13.A.responsesB.lettersC.giftsD.invitations
14.A.avoidingB.attackingC.treatingD.fighting
15.A.WhenB.AlthoughC.OnceD.Since
16.A.painfulB.disappointingC.perfectD.simple
17.A.climbedB.roseC.spreadD.rushed
18.A.receiveB.changeC.stopD.check
19.A.excellentB.success
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